Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

Assessment of grain quality traits in rice under normal and water deficit condition 正常和缺水条件下水稻稻米品质性状的评价

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.049

Mohamed S. Abd El-Aty , Youssef S. Katta , Abd El Moaty. B. El- Abd , Samiha.M. Mahmoud , Omar M. Ibrahim , Asal M. Wali , Ahmed M. El-Shehawi , Mona M. Elseehy , Mohamed T. El-Saadony , Amira M. El-Tahan

The main objective of this study was to assess the combining ability for rice grain quality to recognize the most desirable genotypes for rice breeding programs. A half diallel cross was made among eight rice genotypes. The obtained 28 F1 and their parents were evaluated in two separate irrigation experiments; the first experiment was irrigated every four days (normal condition). The second experiment was irrigated every ten days (a stress condition). The two experiments were designed in randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that water deficit treatment significantly reduced all the studied traits except for amylose content % was increased under stressed treatments. General combining ability mean squares were highly significant for all the studied features except gelatinization temperature under drought irrigation. Specific combining ability mean squares were highly significant for grain elongation % under both conditions and amylose content % under water deficit; this indicates the importance of additive and non-additive genetic effects in the inheritance of these traits. Two crosses, Sakha106 × Sakha107 and Sakha106 × Sakha108 had the highest desirable mean values for hulling (%), milling (%), head rice, and gelatinization temperature, also lowest amylose content under both conditions. Three crosses, Giza 179 X Sakha 107, Giza 179 X Sakha 108, and Sakha 106 X Sakha 108, had the highest mean values of grain elongation % under both conditions. The cross Sakha107 × sakha108 showed highly significant positive desirable SCA effects for hulling (%) milling (%) gelatinization temperature and grain elongation. The varieties Sakha 107 and Sakha108 were the best general combiners and could be used in breeding programs for improving all the studied traits under both conditions.

本研究的主要目的是评估水稻品质的配合力，以识别水稻育种计划中最理想的基因型。8个水稻基因型进行了半双列杂交。获得的28株F1及其亲本分别在两次灌溉试验中进行评价；第一次试验每4天冲洗一次（正常情况下）。第二次试验每10天灌一次水（胁迫条件）。两个实验采用随机完全区组设计，3个重复。结果表明，水分亏缺处理显著降低了水稻除直链淀粉含量（%）升高外的其他性状。干旱灌溉条件下，除糊化温度外，其他性状的一般配合力均方差均极显著。两种条件下籽粒伸长率和水分亏缺条件下直链淀粉含量的比配合力均方极显著；这表明加性和非加性遗传效应在这些性状遗传中的重要性。两个杂交组合Sakha106 × Sakha107和Sakha106 × Sakha108的脱壳率（%）、碾磨率（%）、结实率和糊化温度的平均值最高，直链淀粉含量也最低。3个杂交组合吉萨179 ×萨哈107、吉萨179 ×萨哈108和萨哈106 ×萨哈108的籽粒伸长率在两种条件下均最高。Sakha107 × sakha108在脱壳（%）、磨粉（%）、糊化温度和晶粒伸长率方面表现出极显著的正SCA效应。sakha107和Sakha108是最好的综合配合者，在两种条件下均可用于改良所研究性状的育种方案。

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引用次数: 0

Time-dependent oscillation of pre-MiRNAs, mature MiRNAs and MiRNA targets in tomato plants subjected to varying abiotic stress conditions 在不同的非生物胁迫条件下，番茄植株中pre-MiRNA、成熟MiRNA和MiRNA靶点的时间依赖性振荡

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.029

Afsar Raza Naqvi , Samia Haseeb Khan , Deepti Mittal , Huda Alshaya , Mohsin Kazi , Maryam Sarwat

Miniature non-coding RNAs known as MicroRNAs (MiRNA) are transcribed from their independent genes. MiRNAs bind to and regulate various transcripts. They have been linked to a number of biological processes ranging from organ growth, senescence, and pathogen response. We used model crop tomato to study how miRNA genes respond to a variety of abiotic stress, e.g. salt, drought and cold temperature. Precursor-miRNA (pre-miR) levels of six highly conserved plant miRNAs were monitored over 24 h time period. Expression of pre-miR159, −160, −162 and −397 were induced, while pre-miR171a and −319 levels were down regulated as a reaction to a variety of stress treatments. The expression profiles related to miRNA precursors exhibit unique expression pattern to the stress subjected. We followed expression of three mature miRNAs, namely, miR159, miR160 and miR171 upon stress treatment and these exhibited expression profiles similar to their corresponding precursors. Moreover, modulation in mature miRNA levels affected expression of their target transcripts. Prediction of promoter sequences of various tomato pre-miRNAs revealed several cis-elements that may have functional consequence on the gene expression as a consequence of stress. Together, these findings indicate that miRNA genes are sensitive to stress induced due to abiotic factors (climatic stress caused due to drought and cold as well as salt). They demonstrated drastic expression changes to most of the stress examined, a strategy to fine tune transcriptome in a time-efficient manner.

被称为microrna （MiRNA）的微型非编码rna是由它们独立的基因转录而成的。mirna结合并调节各种转录本。它们与许多生物过程有关，包括器官生长、衰老和病原体反应。我们利用模型作物番茄研究了miRNA基因对盐、干旱和低温等多种非生物胁迫的响应。在24 h的时间内监测了六种高度保守的植物mirna的前体mirna （pre-miR）水平。pre-miR159、- 160、- 162和- 397的表达被诱导，而pre-miR171a和- 319的表达作为对各种应激处理的反应而下调。与miRNA前体相关的表达谱对应激表现出独特的表达模式。我们跟踪了胁迫处理后三种成熟mirna的表达，即miR159、miR160和miR171，它们的表达谱与其相应的前体相似。此外，成熟miRNA水平的调节影响其靶转录物的表达。对各种番茄pre-miRNAs启动子序列的预测揭示了一些可能对胁迫下基因表达有功能影响的顺式元件。综上所述，这些发现表明miRNA基因对由非生物因素（干旱、寒冷和盐引起的气候胁迫）引起的胁迫敏感。他们对大多数被检测的压力表现出剧烈的表达变化，这是一种以时间效率的方式微调转录组的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Polychromatism in adult Deroplax silphoides (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) and a morphological examination of the immature stages 成虫半枝莲的多色性（异翅目：半枝莲科）和未成熟阶段的形态学检查

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.044

Shaimaa Farag , Khaled A. Alakeel , Sohair GadAllah , Mohamed Nasser , Mohammed Okely , Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed , Soliman M. Soliman , Ahmed M. Saad , Mohamed T. El-Saadony , Sara Al Ashaal

Polychromatism is a very common phenomenon in several insect orders. Adults of Deroplax silphoides show color variation in their bodies. In such cases, the identification of the immature stages is challenging and misleading. The field collection of adults and immature stages was conducted on the campus of Ain Shams University during the active period of the insect in 2019. Nineteen pronotal and scutellar macular patterns in addition to fifteen patterns of abdominal sternal variation in the color variation and size of the stridulatory area in D. silphoides adult were reported for the first time. In addition, the variation was observed in the shape, size and placement of eggs masses on Dodonaea viscosa commonly called 'sticky hop bush'. The main morphological features and an identification key for the five nymphal instars of this species are also provided for the first time through this work. The proportions of antennal and rostral segments and the degree of scutellum and wing pad development provide excellent characters for distinguishing the five nymphal instars. This work forms a basis for further investigation of such diversity at the molecular level and provides an insight into this phenomenon in the fascinating insect world.

在许多昆虫目中，多色现象是非常普遍的。成虫的身体呈现不同的颜色。在这种情况下，不成熟阶段的识别是具有挑战性和误导性的。2019年在艾因沙姆斯大学校园内进行了成虫和未成虫的现场采集。本文首次报道了19种额骨和肩胛骨黄斑，以及15种胸骨腹部黄斑在鸣声区颜色变化和大小上的变化。此外，在通常被称为“粘啤酒花丛”的粘蝇（Dodonaea viscosa）上，观察到卵团的形状、大小和位置的变化。本研究还首次提供了该物种5个若虫的主要形态特征和鉴定钥匙。触角和喙节的比例、胸骨和翼垫的发育程度为区分五种若虫提供了很好的特征。这项工作为在分子水平上进一步研究这种多样性奠定了基础，并提供了在迷人的昆虫世界中对这种现象的深入了解。

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引用次数: 0

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of two lytic bacteriophages against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa 两种耐多药铜绿假单胞菌裂解噬菌体的表型和分子特征

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.051

Nahed A. EL-Wafai , Mayasar I.Al-zaban , Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed , Sara A.T. EL-Ged , Victor S. Bedrous , Mamdouh A. A. Mousa , Behairy A. Akl

Two phages were isolated from agricultural wastewater and soil were designated as Ps1 and Ps2. Host rang was restricted to Pseudomonas spp. The two phages were biologically characterized as belonging to Caudovirales, family Siphoviridae. Head diameters were 89.5 nm, 119 nm and the tails length were measured 230 and 112 nm for Ps1 and Ps2, respectively. Latent period was 15 min for both phages and rise period was 20 min for both phages. Burst sizes were 256 and 285 phage forming unit PFU/cell for Ps1 and Ps2 phages, respectively. Ps1 and Ps2 were completely inactivated after incubation at 84°C for 10 min, but were tolerant to alkaline as well as acidic reactions. Longevity in vitro (LIV) of Ps1 was 24 and 17 days at 22 ± 2 °C for Ps1 and Ps2, respectively. The RAPD-PCR results of Ps1 and Ps2 were 29 and 32 bands, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected Nile talipa fish (Oreochromis niloticus) showed hemorrhages on the body surface, tail and fin rot, ulcerative skin, superficial ulcers, and full mortality through 14 days.

从农业废水和土壤中分离到两种噬菌体，分别命名为Ps1和Ps2。寄主范围限定为假单胞菌属，两种噬菌体的生物学特征均为感染病毒科Caudovirales。Ps1和Ps2的头径分别为89.5 nm、119 nm，尾长分别为230 nm和112 nm。两种噬菌体潜伏期均为15 min，上升期均为20 min。Ps1和Ps2噬菌体的爆发大小分别为256和285个噬菌体形成单位PFU/细胞。Ps1和Ps2在84℃孵育10 min后完全失活，但耐碱性和酸性反应。在22±2℃条件下，Ps1和Ps2的体外生存期分别为24天和17天。Ps1和Ps2的RAPD-PCR结果分别为29和32条带。铜绿假单胞菌感染的尼罗talipa鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）表现为体表出血、鱼尾腐烂、皮肤溃疡、浅表溃疡，14天内完全死亡。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of rhizobacteria and seed oils as eco-friendly agents against Meloidogyne incognita infested pepper plants under greenhouse and repeated applications field conditions 根际细菌和籽油作为环保剂在温室和重复施用条件下对南方根结线虫感染的辣椒植株的防治效果

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.005

Ramadan M. El-Ashry , Eman Hillal Althubaiti , Shaza Y.A. Qattan , El-Sayed M. Mostafa , Nashwa Elshaer , Ahmed A. Gh. Farag , Mohamed T. El-Saadony , Najah M. Albaqami , Ahmed M. El-Deeb

Proper soil management using rhizobacteria in combination with eco-friendly materials such as plant oils can considerably influence soil ecological processes through soil biota, resulting in changes in the structure and function of soil fauna. This work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of rhizobacteria and oils in vitro besides soil management under greenhouse and field circumstances against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Commercial rhizobacteria and four seed oils plants including, Colocynth, (Citrullus colocynthis (L.), jojoba, (Simmondsia chinensis, Link) Schneid., moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam). and marjoram oil (Origanum majorana L.) were tested in vitro on eggs and J2 of M. incognita using egg immobility and hatchability assay, larvicidal assay, and in vivo under greenhouse and field conditions. Compared to the infected plants, significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in the tested oils stock solutions and recommended application rate (RC) of rhizobacteria versus eggs and J2 of M. incognita in vitro. Under greenhouse environment, curative application by oils and rhizobacteria significantly promoted fresh shoot, fresh root, weight and leaves count of pepper plants than the control. Rhizobacteria and oxamyl resulted in a significantly elevated plant root and shoot weight percent than other tested materials compared with infected plants. As well as, pots treated with rhizobacteria ranked next to oxamyl in decreasing galls number and egg masses, whereas pots treated with O. majorana showed the lowest nematicidal effect. Field evaluation of eco-friendly materials against M. incognita in naturally infected tomato plants revealed that repeated application by rhizobacteria and oils mixtures exhibited better results in declining galls numbers, egg masses, and J2 density in soil. These findings suggest that a possible mechanism by rhizobacteria and oils can manipulate plant plant-parasitic nematodes behaviour in field soils and potentially reduce nematodes damage.

利用根瘤菌与植物油等生态友好材料相结合进行土壤管理，可通过土壤生物群对土壤生态过程产生显著影响，从而改变土壤动物的结构和功能。本研究旨在探讨在温室和田间环境下，除土壤管理外，根瘤菌和油类对根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）的防治效果。商业用根瘤菌和四种种子油料植物包括：绿草、Citrullus colocynthis （L.）、荷荷巴、Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneid。辣木（moringa oleifera Lam）。在温室和田间条件下，采用卵不动性和孵化率试验、杀幼虫试验和体内试验，研究了马郁兰油（Origanum majorana L.）在马郁兰卵和J2上的体外作用。与侵染植株相比，根杆菌对虫卵和J2的推荐施用量（RC）和供试油、储存液的影响显著（p≤0.05）。在温室环境下，施用油剂和根瘤菌显著提高了辣椒植株的鲜梢、鲜根、重和叶数。根瘤菌和恶氨酰对植株根、梢质量的影响显著高于其他材料。此外，根杆菌处理的锅在减少虫瘿数和卵质量方面仅次于恶氨酰，而大黄花处理的锅杀灭线虫的效果最低。在自然侵染番茄植株上对生态友好型材料进行了田间评价，结果表明，反复施用根瘤菌和油脂混合剂对降低土壤中虫瘿数、虫卵质量和J2密度有较好的效果。这些发现表明，根际细菌和油类可能通过一种机制控制田间土壤中植物寄生线虫的行为，从而潜在地减少线虫的危害。

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引用次数: 0

The alarming coincidence of toxin genes with staphylococcal cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) in clinical MRSA isolates 临床MRSA分离株中毒素基因与金黄色葡萄球菌盒染色体mec（SCCmec）惊人的一致性

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.026

Christiana Rezk Bottros Youssef, Ashraf Ahmed Kadry, Amira Mohammed El-Ganiny

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen causing infections with high morbidity and mortality. MRSA isolates which harbor Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) and express various types of toxins are the most serious strains. Type of SCCmec and common toxin genes (TGs) among MRSA isolates were investigated in the current study. SCCmec and TGs were detected by multiplex-PCR. Possible correlations between SCCmec and TGs were elucidated statistically using IBM-SPSS software. Staphylococcus-enterotoxins (SEs) were sequenced to investigate their genetic relatedness using Sanger-sequencing, and MEGAX software.

MRSA were detected in 124 isolates, 67 of MRSA isolates (54 %) were harboring a single SCCmec with 40, 21, 5 and 1 isolate for SCCmec II, SCCmec III, SCCmec IV, and SCCmec V, respectively. Furthermore, Four isolates (3.2 %) had both SCCmec II and SCCmec IV. The highest incidence of TGs was recorded for sea (40.3%) and etb (34.6%) genes. Statistically, moderate correlation between toxins and SCCmec type and between presence of toxin genes and severity of infections were detected. All SEs sequences were correlated, sea and see genes were more conserved. Isolates from serious cases revealed different degrees of nucleotide and amino acid substitution among seb, sec, and tsst genes, which might contribute to their increased virulence. This study improves our understanding of S. aureus toxin profile in relation to SCCmec type, and highlight their possible roles in virulence.

金黄色葡萄球菌是一种致病菌，具有很高的发病率和死亡率。含有葡萄球菌盒染色体mec （SCCmec）并表达多种毒素的MRSA分离株是最严重的菌株。本研究对MRSA分离株的SCCmec类型和常见毒素基因（TGs）进行了研究。多重pcr检测SCCmec和TGs。采用IBM-SPSS软件对SCCmec与tg之间可能存在的相关性进行统计学分析。采用Sanger-sequencing和MEGAX软件对葡萄球菌-肠毒素（Staphylococcus-enterotoxins, SEs）进行遗传亲缘性测序。共检出124株MRSA，其中67株（54%）为单一SCCmec，其中SCCmec II、SCCmec III、SCCmec IV和SCCmec V分别为40株、21株、5株和1株。4株（3.2%）同时携带SCCmec II和SCCmec IV基因，其中sea（40.3%）和etb（34.6%）基因的TGs发生率最高。统计上，毒素与SCCmec类型、毒素基因存在与感染严重程度之间存在中度相关性。所有se序列均具有相关性，sea和see基因保守性较强。严重病例分离的seb、sec和tsst基因存在不同程度的核苷酸和氨基酸取代，这可能是其毒力增强的原因。本研究提高了我们对金黄色葡萄球菌毒素谱与SCCmec型的理解，并强调了它们在毒力中的可能作用。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of the R2R3 MYB gene expression profile during tomato fruit development using in silico analysis, quantitative and semi-quantitative RT-PCR 利用计算机、定量和半定量RT-PCR评估番茄果实发育过程中R2R3 MYB基因的表达谱

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.021

Abdallah A. Hassanin , Ahmed S. Eldomiaty , Javed Ahmed Ujjan , Amina A.M. Al-Mushhin , Ayshah Aysh ALrashidi , Ahmed M. Saad , Haifa Abdulaziz Sakit ALHaithloul , Mohamed T. El-Saadony , Mohamed F. Awad , Mahmoud Z. Sitohy

Assessment of gene expression is an essential and sensitive indicator of the biological activity and function of a certain gene. The expression profile of R2R3 MYB gene (Solyc02g067760) was investigated at ten development stages of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum) of Micro-Tom cultivar using three different approaches; quantitative RT-PCR, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and the promising Tomato Expression Atlas (TEA) bioinformatics tool. RNA was extracted from fruit tissues and used for synthesizing cDNA. Quantitative and semi-quantitative expression analyses of R2R3 MYB gene using specific primers consistently showed different expression patterns at the different development stages of tomato fruit. R2R3 MYB exhibited maximum expression at the anthesis stage, suggesting its potential involvement in the pollination and fruit set process. The gene expression was drastically reduced in all other studied stages after anthesis. In the same context, spatiotemporal expression of R2R3 MYB during the ten development stages of tomato fruit using TEA bioinformatics tool revealed a similar expression profile to that obtained by qRT-PCR and semi-qRT-PCR. Comparable results of the three approaches provide new insights into the assessment of tomato gene expression profiling in the presence of Actin gene (Solyc04g011500) as a normalizing expression reference. The obtained results confirm the potentially essential role of the R2R3 MYB in fruit set leading the future research into exploring techniques and stratify of overexpressing this gene in the relevant economic crops.

基因表达的评价是评价某一基因生物活性和功能的重要而敏感的指标。采用三种不同的方法研究了微番茄品种果实10个发育阶段R2R3 MYB基因（Solyc02g067760）的表达谱；定量RT-PCR，半定量RT-PCR和有前途的番茄表达图谱（TEA）生物信息学工具。从果实组织中提取RNA，用于合成cDNA。利用特定引物对R2R3 MYB基因进行定量和半定量表达分析，结果一致表明，R2R3 MYB基因在番茄果实不同发育阶段的表达模式不同。R2R3 MYB在花期表达量最大，表明其可能参与授粉和坐果过程。在开花后的所有其他研究阶段，基因表达急剧减少。在相同的背景下，利用TEA生物信息学工具对番茄果实10个发育阶段R2R3 MYB的时空表达进行了分析，结果显示其表达谱与qRT-PCR和半qRT-PCR的表达谱相似。这三种方法的比较结果为Actin基因（Solyc04g011500）作为标准化表达参考存在下番茄基因表达谱的评估提供了新的见解。这些研究结果证实了R2R3 MYB在坐果过程中可能发挥的重要作用，为未来在相关经济作物中探索该基因过表达的技术和分层奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Foliar spray of potassium silicate, aloe extract composite and their effect on growth and yielding capacity of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under water deficit stress conditions 缺水条件下硅酸钾、芦荟提取物复合叶面喷雾及其对玫瑰茄生长和产量的影响

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.033

Nasr M. Abdou , Fathy M.A. El-Saadony , Mohamed H.H. Roby , Hayam A.A. Mahdy , Ahmed M. El-Shehawi , Mona M. Elseehy , Amira M. El-Tahan , Hanan Abdalla , Ahmed M. Saad , Alaa Idris Badawy AbouSreea

Plants face various abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity during growing stages adversely affect their physiological and biological processes. The use of bioactive compounds could mitigate the detrimental effects of abiotic stresses. The experimental layout was a split split-plot system based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included three levels of potassium silicate (0, 3, and 6 cm L^-1 or 0, 12, and 24 l^-1 of K₂SiO₃ ha⁻¹) combined with three levels of Aloe saponaria L. extract (Ae) 0, 0.5, and 1% under two levels of irrigation regimes (IR70 and IR100; representing irrigation at 70 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration). The obtained results revealed that control roselle plants were adversely affected by drought, which recorded the lowest growth and yield parameters. Meanwhile, the exogenous addition of Ae and KSi significantly improved the growth and yield of deficit and full irrigated roselle plants. The foliar application of Ae (1%) and KSi (3 or 6 cm L^-1) under full irrigation led to a significant increase in growth and yield parameters of roselle. In addition, considerable enhancements in yield quality of roselle plants under deficit irrigation were recorded.

植物在生长过程中面临干旱、盐度等各种非生物胁迫，对其生理和生物过程产生不利影响。使用生物活性化合物可以减轻非生物胁迫的有害影响。试验布局采用完全随机区组设计，分为3个重复。处理包括三个水平的硅酸钾（0、3和6 cm L-1或0、12和24 L-1 K2SiO3 ha -1），结合三个水平的芦荟提取物（Ae） 0、0.5和1%，两个水平的灌溉方案（IR70和IR100，代表作物蒸散量的70%和100%灌溉）。结果表明，旱情对对照玫瑰植株的生长和产量影响最小。同时，外源添加Ae和KSi显著提高了亏水和满水玫瑰植株的生长和产量。全灌条件下叶面施用1% Ae和3、6 cm L-1 KSi显著提高了蔷薇的生长和产量参数。此外，在亏缺灌溉条件下，玫瑰植物的产量质量显著提高。

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引用次数: 0

Phototoxicity of eosin yellow lactone and phloxine B photosensitizers against mosquito larvae and their associated predators 伊红黄内酯和邻苯二酚B光敏剂对埃及El-Fayoum蚊幼虫及其伴生捕食者的光毒性研究

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.042

Randa I. Eltaly , Shaimaa H. Mohammed , Khaled A. Alakeel , Hend H.A. Salem , Azza Abdelfattah , Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed , Amira M. El-Tahan , Mohamed T. El-Saadony , Ahmed M. Saad , Gawhara M.M. Abu El-Hassan , Shaimaa M. Farag

Mosquito larvae and their predators were surveyed from different breeding sites in El-Fayoum Governorate. The physiochemical characters of water and environmental factors that effect on mosquito larvae were studied. Biochemical and toxicological effects of the two photosensitizing compounds; eosin yellow lactone and phloxine B (xanthene dye) were evaluated against the third instar larvae of the most dominant mosquito species and their predators. The surveyed results revealed the occurrence of six mosquito species in the study area: one aedine, Aedes caspius, two anopheline, Anopheles pharoensis, An. sergenti, and three culicines, Culex pipien, Cx. antennatus, and Culiseta longiareolata. The most dominant species was Cx. pipiens with a total number of 3571 larvae followed by Ae. caspius and An. phareonsis with a total number of 670, 452 collected larvae, respectively. The two commonly collected predators were Pantala flavescens (Odonata) and Caenis macrura (Ephemeroptera) naiads. The results explained that both eosin yellow and phloxine B can be used as larvicide. However, eosin was more efficient than phloxine against Cx. pipiens with LC₅₀ equal to (0.025 and 0.053 ppm) and An. pharoensis (0.023 and 0.016 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the phloxine was more effective than eosin against Ae. caspius (0.016 and 0.024 ppm, respectively. Also, the results investigated that phloxine was more efficient than eosin against Cx. pipiens in dark and there was a significant difference between their toxicity in sunlight and in the absence of direct light. In addition, phloxine was less toxic against P. flavescens than eosin with LC₅₀ of 1.822 and 1.044 ppm, respectively) and the mayfly (C. macrura) was more sensitive to the both photosensitizers with LC₅₀ equal to 0.003 and 0.006 ppm for eosin and phloxine, respectively. The biochemical studies indicated the increasing in the levels of glutathione S-transferase after treatment with eosin and phloxine and there is a significant decrease in peroxidase levels after treatment with both eosin and phloxine.

在El-Fayoum省不同的孳生地点调查了蚊子幼虫及其捕食者。研究了水体的理化特性及环境因子对蚊子幼虫的影响。两种光敏化合物的生化和毒理学效应测定了伊红黄内酯和邻苯二酚B（杂蒽染料）对主要优势蚊种及其天敌3龄幼虫的杀伤效果。调查结果显示，研究区共发现6种蚊种：1种伊蚊、1种卡皮伊蚊、2种按蚊、1种法罗按蚊、1种安蚊。3种鸟类，库蚊，Cx；触角，和长鸡冠。优势种为Cx。孳生的伊蚊总数为3571只；凯斯皮厄斯和安。法隆虫共捕获幼虫670只、452只。常见的两种捕食者为黄斑蝶和巨斑蝶。结果表明，伊红黄和邻苯二酚B均可作为杀幼虫剂。而伊红对Cx的抑制作用优于邻苯二酚。LC50分别为（0.025和0.053 ppm）；分别为0.023 ppm和0.016 ppm。另一方面，邻苯二酚对Ae的抑制效果优于伊红。Caspius （0.016 ppm和0.024 ppm）。结果表明，邻苯二酚对Cx的抑制作用优于伊红。在黑暗环境下，它们的毒性在阳光下和没有直射光的环境下有显著差异。此外，邻苯二酚对黄颡鱼的毒性较弱（LC50分别为1.822和1.044 ppm），大蝇对这两种光敏剂的敏感性较强（LC50分别为0.003和0.006 ppm）。生化研究表明，经伊红和苯氧辛处理后，谷胱甘肽s -转移酶水平升高，而经伊红和苯氧辛处理后，过氧化物酶水平显著降低。

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引用次数: 0

Biostimulants improve the hepatoprotection of Ammi visnaga seed yield extract against carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatitis in mice through modulation of MAPK 生物刺激素通过调节MAPK，提高了茴香籽提取物对四氯化碳诱导的小鼠急性肝炎的肝保护作用

IF 4.4 2区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.062

Dina Gad , Hend E. Abo Mansour , Khalil M. Saad-Allah , Mahmoud S. Abdallah , Aya Ibrahim Elberri , Esraa M. Mosalam

Background

The liver is a vital organ that must be maintained healthy. Therefore, hepatoprotective agents deserve a big concern and exploring.

Objectives

We aimed to enhance the yielded seed extract of Ammi visnaga by kinetin (KN) seed priming or asparagine (ASN) foliar spraying to explore the possibility of enhancing the hepatopritective effect against CCl₄-induced acute hepatitis in mice through modulation of MAPK pathway.

Methods

A. visnaga seeds were primed with 300 mg/L KN and other seeds were sprayed foliarly with 200 mg/L ASN. The phytochemical and GC/MS analyses were conducted. Ethanolic extract was used to explore its hepatoprotective potential in mice that were grouped to five groups; normal control, CCl₄ control, CCl₄ + untreated A. visnaga seeds, CCl₄ + KN A. visnaga seeds, and CCl₄ + ASN A. visnaga seeds. Acute hepatitis was induced by CCl₄. Liver enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, and MAPK proteins were assessed.

Results

KN- and ASN- treated seeds increased number of inflorescences, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity over untreated seeds, but ASN surpassed KN. ASN produced new compounds that were not detected in the untreated seeds. Therefore, ASN remarkably decreased hepatotoxicity markers, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, and phosphorylated MAPK proteins with restoring of normal hepatic architecture compared to the untreated and KN seeds.

Conclusions

Foliar application of ASN was superior to KN priming in increasing seed yield, enhancing the metabolomics profile of the produced seed yield, and improving the corresponding pharmacological activity mainly through suppression of MAPK pathway.

肝脏是一个重要的器官，必须保持健康。因此，肝保护药物值得关注和探索。目的采用动素（KN）种子启动或天冬酰胺（ASN）叶面喷施两种方法提高沙蚕籽提取物的产率，探讨其通过调控MAPK通路增强抗ccl4诱导急性肝炎小鼠肝保护作用的可能性。visnaga种子喷施300 mg/L KN，其余种子叶面喷施200 mg/L ASN。对其进行了植物化学和GC/MS分析。采用乙醇提取物对小鼠的肝保护作用，将其分为5组；正常对照、CCl4对照、CCl4 +未经处理的麻瓜种子、CCl4 + KN麻瓜种子和CCl4 + ASN麻瓜种子。CCl4诱导急性肝炎。评估肝酶、氧化应激生物标志物、炎症细胞因子和MAPK蛋白。结果skn和ASN处理的种子花序数、总酚类化合物含量和抗氧化能力均高于未处理的种子，但ASN处理的结果优于KN处理。ASN产生了未经处理的种子中未检测到的新化合物。因此，与未处理和KN种子相比，ASN显著降低了肝毒性标志物、氧化应激生物标志物、炎症细胞因子和磷酸化的MAPK蛋白，恢复了正常的肝脏结构。结论叶面喷施ASN在提高种子产量、增强籽粒代谢组学特征以及主要通过抑制MAPK途径提高相应药理活性方面优于KN启动。

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引用次数: 0