Rarity and endangerment: Why do they matter?

IF 2.2 2区 哲学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Environmental Values Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI:10.1177/09632719231171836
Simon P. James
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

It is often supposed that valuable organisms are more valuable if they are rare. Likewise if they belong to endangered species. I consider what kinds of value rarity and endangerment can add in such cases. I argue that individual organisms of a valuable species typically have instrumental value as means to the end of preserving their species. This progenitive value, I suggest, tends to increase exponentially with rarity. Endlings, for their part, typically have little progenitive value; however, I argue that they may nonetheless have persistence value because, merely by existing, they postpone the numerical extinction of their species. Finally, I propose that a sentient endling can have higher lifeworld value than it would have had were it not the last of its kind. This, I argue, is because when a sentient endling dies, very little of its lifeworld is preserved – and this, I suggest, can be a bad thing.
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稀有性和濒危性:它们为何重要?
人们通常认为,有价值的生物如果稀有就更有价值。同样,如果它们属于濒危物种。我考虑在这种情况下,稀有和濒危可以增加什么样的价值。我认为,有价值物种的个体生物通常具有工具价值,作为保护其物种的手段。我认为,这种繁殖价值往往会随着稀有性呈指数增长。结局,就其本身而言,通常没有繁殖价值;然而,我认为它们可能仍然具有持久价值,因为仅仅通过存在,它们就推迟了其物种的数量灭绝。最后,我提出,一个有感情的结局可能比它不是最后一个这样的结局具有更高的生活世界价值。我认为,这是因为当一个有知觉的生物死亡时,它的生活世界几乎没有被保存下来——我认为,这可能是一件坏事。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
36.40%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: Environmental Values is an international peer-reviewed journal that brings together contributions from philosophy, economics, politics, sociology, geography, anthropology, ecology and other disciplines, which relate to the present and future environment of human beings and other species. In doing so we aim to clarify the relationship between practical policy issues and more fundamental underlying principles or assumptions.
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