Religion, Sexuality Politics, and the Transformation of Latin American Electorates

IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE British Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI:10.1017/s0007123423000613
Amy Erica Smith, Taylor C. Boas
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Right-wing candidates have rallied against same-sex marriage, abortion, and ‘gender ideology’ in several recent Latin American elections, attracting socially conservative voters. Yet, these issues are largely irrelevant to voting decisions in other parts of the region. Drawing on theories explaining partisan shifts in the US and Europe, we argue that elite and social movement debates on sexuality politics create conditions for electoral realignment. When politicians take polarized positions on newly salient ‘culture war’ issues, the masses’ voting behaviour shifts. Using region-wide multilevel analysis of the AmericasBarometer and Latinobarómetro and a conjoint experiment in Brazil, Chile, and Peru, we demonstrate that the rising salience of sexuality politics creates new electoral cleavages, magnifying the electoral impact of religion and sexuality politics attitudes and shrinking the impact of economic views. Whereas scholarship on advanced democracies posits the centrality of partisanship, our findings indicate that sexuality politics prompts realignments even in weak party systems.
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宗教、性政治和拉丁美洲选民的转变
在最近的几次拉美选举中,右翼候选人反对同性婚姻、堕胎和“性别意识形态”,吸引了社会保守派选民。然而,这些问题在很大程度上与该地区其他地区的投票决定无关。借鉴解释美国和欧洲党派转变的理论,我们认为,精英和社会运动关于性别政治的辩论为选举重组创造了条件。当政客们在新的突出的“文化战争”问题上采取两极分化的立场时,大众的投票行为就会发生变化。通过对美洲晴雨表(AmericasBarometer)和Latinobarómetro的全区域多层次分析,以及在巴西、智利和秘鲁进行的联合实验,我们证明,性别政治的日益突出造成了新的选举分裂,放大了宗教和性别政治态度对选举的影响,缩小了经济观点的影响。尽管关于先进民主国家的学术研究假定党派之争处于中心地位,但我们的研究结果表明,即使在薄弱的政党制度中,性别政治也会促使重新调整。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
4.00%
发文量
64
期刊介绍: The British Journal of Political Science is a broadly based journal aiming to cover developments across a wide range of countries and specialisms. Contributions are drawn from all fields of political science (including political theory, political behaviour, public policy and international relations), and articles from scholars in related disciplines (sociology, social psychology, economics and philosophy) appear frequently. With a reputation established over nearly 40 years of publication, the British Journal of Political Science is widely recognised as one of the premier journals in its field.
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