Novel Bioformulations with Trichoderma lixii to Improve the Growth Dynamics and Biocontrol of the Cowpea Damping-Off Disease

IF 2.1 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Microbiology Research Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI:10.3390/microbiolres14040138
A. Omara, Fatma M. El-maghraby
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Abstract

Because agricultural wastes are abundant in biologically active substances, they can be used as a substitute source to produce highly valuable products while lowering pollution levels in the environment. Therefore, we aimed at determining the best agricultural wastes to increase the biomass production rate and the effectiveness of the biocontrol strain Trichoderma lixii SARS 111 in a solid-state fermentation system. The potential for its use in enhancing growth dynamics and controlling the Fusarium oxysporum NCAIM-F-00779-caused damping-off disease of cowpea plants grown in greenhouse conditions was also studied. Using a one-factor-at-a-time experiment, five cheap agricultural waste substrates (faba bean, cowpea, sweet potato, pumpkin, and cassava) were studied using the Plackett–Burman design (PBD) and the central composite design (CCD) to optimize the nutritional and growth conditions to maximize the production of Trichoderma conidia. The findings demonstrated that increasing Candida production quantitatively required the use of 3 g of sweet potato, 3 g of cassava, pH 6, 25 °C, and pre-treatment with dH2O. The shelf life and viability of T. lixii strain were measured as log10 CFU g−1 per substrate at room temperature (RT, 25 °C) at the beginning of month 0 and subsequently at 2-month intervals for 12 months. Data showed that the fungal counts increased with the use of 4 g of sweet potato + 2 g of cassava up to 7 months and then sharply decreased, lasting up to 12 months. Additionally, this bioformulation was applied to cowpea plants in a greenhouse experiment, where a significantly higher level of plant growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, and chemical content in the leaves, as well as lower incidence of the damping-off disease, were noted. Accordingly, it is possible to suggest 4 g of sweet potato and 2 g of cassava as a suitable bioformulation for the industrial-scale production of the T. lixii strain, which may be a potential biocontrol agent for preventing the cowpea damping-off disease caused by F. oxysporum and improving the growth dynamics.
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使用lixii毛霉的新型生物制剂改善豇豆潮湿脱落病的生长动态和生物防治能力
由于农业废弃物中含有丰富的生物活性物质,它们可以作为生产高价值产品的替代来源,同时降低对环境的污染水平。因此,我们旨在确定最佳的农业废弃物,以提高生物防治菌株利希木霉SARS 111在固态发酵系统中的生物量产量和有效性。研究了其在提高豇豆生长动态和防治温室条件下由尖孢镰刀菌ncam - f -00779引起的枯萎病方面的应用潜力。采用单因素试验,采用Plackett-Burman设计(PBD)和中心复合设计(CCD)对5种廉价农业废弃物(蚕豆、豇豆、甘薯、南瓜和木薯)进行营养和生长条件优化,以最大限度地提高分生木霉的产量。结果表明,增加念珠菌产量需要使用3g甘薯和3g木薯,pH为6,温度为25°C, dH2O预处理。在室温(RT, 25°C)下,从第0个月开始,以log10 CFU g−1 /底物为单位,每隔2个月测量一次,共12个月。数据显示,使用4 g甘薯+ 2 g木薯7个月后,真菌数量增加,然后急剧下降,持续时间长达12个月。此外,在温室试验中,将这种生物制剂应用于豇豆植物,发现植物生长性状、光合色素、抗氧化酶和叶片中的化学成分水平显著提高,并且降低了萎蔫病的发病率。因此,可以建议4 g甘薯和2 g木薯作为lixii T. lixii菌株工业化生产的合适生物制剂,该菌株可能是一种潜在的生物防治剂,可以预防由尖孢镰刀菌引起的豇豆干枯病,改善其生长动态。
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来源期刊
Microbiology Research
Microbiology Research MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
62
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: Microbiology Research is an international, online-only, open access peer-reviewed journal which publishes original research, review articles, editorials, perspectives, case reports and brief reports to benefit researchers, microbiologists, physicians, veterinarians. Microbiology Research publishes ‘Clinic’ and ‘Research’ papers divided into two different skill and proficiency levels: ‘Junior’ and ‘Professional’. The aim of this four quadrant grid is to encourage younger researchers, physicians and veterinarians to submit their results even if their studies encompass just a limited set of observations or rely on basic statistical approach, yet upholding the customary sound approach of every scientific article.
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