Association of Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphism with Susceptibility and Severity of Axial Spondyloarthritis

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the association of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and severity of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) that may guide to have an idea about the genetic basis of the disease and it’s association with severity. Objective: Aim of the study was to demonstrate the IL-10 gene polymorphisms to determine their association with susceptibility and severity of axSpA. Methods: According to Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) classification criteria total 38 patients with axSpA (clinically diagnosed by an expert Rheumatologist, attending in outpatient department (OPD) of Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, BSMMU) and 38 healthy controls (resident doctors, laboratory staffs of BSMMU and general people) after fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected after taking informed written consent and data were collected in a predesigned data collection sheet. The IL-10 gene polymorphisms IL-10 (819T/C), IL-10 (1082A/G) and IL-10 (592C/A) were detected by Polymerase chain reaction- Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) method at Department of Microbiology and Immunology, BSMMU, Dhaka. Results: According to BASDAI score, 14 patients were in inactive disease group and 24 patients were in active disease group. The homozygous CC genotype and C allele of IL-10 (-819T/C) were found significantly higher in patients than control group (p=0.022 and p=0.045 respectively). The heterozygous GA genotype of IL-10 (-1082A/G) gene has significant association (p=0.001) with axSpA. It indicates that the homozygous CC genotype and C allele of IL-10 (819T/C) and heterozygous GA genotype of IL-10 (1082A/G) have an association with the susceptibility of axSpA. Conclusion: CC genotype and C allele of IL-10 (-819T/C) and GA genotype of IL-10 (1082A/G) are associated with axSpA susceptibility. But no association of these genotypes were found with disease severity. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2023; 49: 171-176