Between- and within-person longitudinal associations between personality traits and social support across relationships during older adulthood

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL European Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1177/08902070231214815
Patrick L. Hill, Gabrielle N. Pfund, Mathias Allemand, Marie Kivi, Anne Ingeborg Berg, Valgeir Thorvaldsson, Isabelle Hansson
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Abstract

The current study investigated how perceived social support was associated with personality trait development in a Swedish longitudinal sample ( n = 3914; mean age = 63.09 years) with six waves of data on individuals’ Big Five personality traits, and perceived support from family, friends, and a special someone. We employed random intercept cross-lagged panel models to consider the between- and within-person associations for these constructs over time. First, in almost all cases, between-person associations were found between the levels for personality traits and support variables. Moreover, findings did not differ much depending on the source of the relationship. Second, again in almost every model, significant within-person covariances were evidenced, suggesting that when individuals increased on support relative to their typical level at a given wave, they also tended to report higher levels than they typically do on these traits. Finally, however, little evidence was found for cross-lagged effects in either direction. Across models, only one cross-lagged association even reached significance. In sum, our findings support the close connection between personality and perceived social support in older adulthood, and they motivate future directions into when and why such associations occur using more proximal measurements.
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老年期人际关系中人格特质与社会支持之间的人际和人内纵向联系
目前的研究在瑞典纵向样本中调查了感知社会支持与人格特质发展的关系(n = 3914;平均年龄= 63.09岁),其中包括六波关于个人五大性格特征的数据,以及来自家庭、朋友和一个特别的人的支持。我们采用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型来考虑这些结构随时间的人与人之间和人与人之间的关联。首先,在几乎所有情况下,人与人之间的联系都存在于人格特质和支持变量的水平之间。此外,根据关系来源的不同,研究结果并没有太大差异。其次,几乎在每个模型中,都证明了显著的个人内部协方差,这表明当个体在给定波中相对于他们的典型水平增加支持时,他们也倾向于报告比他们通常在这些特征上更高的水平。然而,最后,几乎没有证据表明在任何一个方向上存在交叉滞后效应。在各个模型中,只有一个交叉滞后关联达到了显著性。总之,我们的研究结果支持了老年人性格和感知到的社会支持之间的密切联系,并且它们激发了未来的方向,即何时以及为什么使用更近距离的测量来研究这种联系。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Personality
European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.50%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
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