Macroscopic Size Effect in the Composition and Properties of Alloys of Iron Group Metals with Tungsten Prepared by Induced Codeposition: Alloy Deposition Mechanism and Its Implications

IF 0.9 Q3 Engineering Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.3103/s106837552306008x

A. I. Dikusar, S. S. Belevskii

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Abstract

By the example of electrodeposition of Co–W alloys, this work shows that observed peculiarities of induced codeposition, including the macroscopic size effect in the composition and properties of deposited layers and their nanocrystallinity, are a consequence of the fact that the deposition-inducing species (a complex of the deposition-inducing metal) has the form of a high-molecular-weight polymer. Under the conditions of (relatively) high current loading on a plating electrolyte (high volume current density), this results in involvement of water molecules in the electrochemical process, formation of oxy-hydroxide layers, hydrogenation, an increase in the alloy tungsten content as a result of the side reaction of hydrogen evolution, alkalization of near-electrode region, and polymerization of the deposition-inducing metal species. Because of the presence of macroscopic size effect (i.e., the dependences of composition and properties of deposited coatings on the electrodeposition surface area), industrial scaling up of this electrodeposition technology will require maintaining the current loading on a plating bath at a constant level, along with other parameters traditional for electrochemical materials science.

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诱导共沉积制备的铁钨合金成分和性能的宏观尺寸效应：合金沉积机制及其影响

摘要本文以Co-W合金电沉积为例，说明了诱导共沉积的特点，包括沉积层的组成和性质及其纳米结晶度的宏观尺寸效应，是诱导沉积物质(诱导沉积金属的络合物)具有高分子量聚合物形式的结果。在(相对)大电流负载电镀电解质(高体积电流密度)的条件下，这导致水分子参与电化学过程，形成氢氧化物层，氢化，由于析氢的副反应导致合金钨含量增加，近电极区域的碱化，以及沉积诱导金属的聚合。由于宏观尺寸效应的存在(即，沉积涂层的成分和性能依赖于电沉积表面积)，这种电沉积技术的工业规模扩大将需要将电镀槽上的电流负载保持在恒定水平，以及电化学材料科学的其他传统参数。

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来源期刊

Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

22.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry is a journal that publishes original and review articles on theory and applications of electroerosion and electrochemical methods for the treatment of materials; physical and chemical methods for the preparation of macro-, micro-, and nanomaterials and their properties; electrical processes in engineering, chemistry, and methods for the processing of biological products and food; and application electromagnetic fields in biological systems.