Enhancing the Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cells through Nickel Doping

IF 0.9 Q3 Engineering Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.3103/s1068375523060108

Z. T. Kenzhaev, N. F. Zikrillaev, K. S. Ayupov, K. A. Ismailov, S. V. Koveshnikov, T. B. Ismailov

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Abstract

It was demonstrated that the concentration of nickel atoms near the surface of solar cells (SCs) is higher by 2–3 orders of magnitude in comparison with the bulk material, resulting in a significantly increased gettering rate in the former case. Experiments determined the optimal gettering conditions for nickel clusters (nickel diffusion temperature 800–850°C and additional thermal annealing temperature 750–800°C) and the structure of a silicon SC that enhances its efficiency by 25–30% in comparison with the reference structure. Physical mechanisms were identified for the effect of the diffusion of nickel impurity atoms and additional thermal annealing on the state of nickel atoms near the surface and the SC base and, consequently, on SC parameters. Physical models were developed for the structure of a cluster of nickel atoms in silicon and for the gettering process of fast-diffusing impurities by clusters of nickel atoms. The binding energy of fast-diffusing impurity atoms with a nickel cluster was estimated to be approximately 1.39 eV. Calculations showed that nickel doping can increase the minority carrier lifetime and the collection coefficient by factors of 2–4 and 1.4–2, respectively. Experiments demonstrated a twofold increase in minority carrier lifetime and a 25–30% improvement in the efficiency of SCs.

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通过掺镍提高硅太阳能电池的效率

摘要:研究表明，太阳能电池(SCs)表面附近的镍原子浓度比块状材料高2-3个数量级，从而显著提高了吸收率。实验确定了镍团簇的最佳捕集条件(镍扩散温度800-850℃，外加热退火温度750-800℃)和硅SC的结构，与参考结构相比，硅SC的效率提高了25-30%。确定了镍杂质原子的扩散和额外的热处理对表面和SC碱附近镍原子状态的影响的物理机制，从而影响SC参数。建立了硅中镍原子团簇结构的物理模型和镍原子团簇对快速扩散杂质的吸附过程的物理模型。快速扩散的杂质原子与镍团簇的结合能约为1.39 eV。计算结果表明，掺杂镍可使少量载流子寿命和收集系数分别提高2 ~ 4倍和1.4 ~ 2倍。实验表明，少数载流子寿命增加了两倍，sc的效率提高了25-30%。

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来源期刊

Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

22.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry is a journal that publishes original and review articles on theory and applications of electroerosion and electrochemical methods for the treatment of materials; physical and chemical methods for the preparation of macro-, micro-, and nanomaterials and their properties; electrical processes in engineering, chemistry, and methods for the processing of biological products and food; and application electromagnetic fields in biological systems.