Selective removal of Fe impurities in the recovery of rare earth elements from carbonatite tailings using chemical routes

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI:10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106249

Shuronjit Kumar Sarker , Mark Pownceby , Sachin Yadav , Warren Bruckard , Nawshad Haque , Nahar Singh , Biplob Kumar Pramanik

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Abstract

The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) has led to the exploration of mining tailings as a potential secondary source. This study offers novel insights into the recovery of REEs from Fe-rich mine tailings sourced from a weathered carbonatite deposit. The REEs were recovered by selectively removing Fe impurities after acid-leaching. The paper details the comprehensive methodologies employed, including initial hydrochloric acid leaching and variable optimization such as acid concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, temperature, and time. An alkali pre-treatment using NaOH was also investigated to assess its impact on the efficiency of REEs recovery. The study reveals that pH plays a significant role in the selective removal of Fe impurities and offers avenues for the production of high-purity, industry-grade REEs. The work is particularly ground-breaking in its exploration of selective Fe removal using a combination of dilute ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride. Through this method, a significant milestone was achieved: the precipitated solid primarily contained Fe (>96%), with minimal loss of REEs (only 0.22%) at a solution pH of 3.25 at 40 °C. This study is the first to demonstrate such high selectivity in the removal of Fe from acid leach liquors of this nature.

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利用化学方法从碳酸盐岩尾矿中选择性去除铁杂质以回收稀土元素

随着对稀土元素需求的不断增长，人们开始探索将尾矿作为潜在的二次来源。本研究为从风化碳酸盐矿床富铁尾矿中回收稀土元素提供了新的见解。酸浸后，通过选择性去除Fe杂质回收稀土元素。本文详细介绍了采用的综合方法，包括初始盐酸浸出和变量优化，如酸浓度，液固比，温度和时间。研究了碱水预处理对稀土元素回收率的影响。该研究表明，pH值在选择性去除铁杂质方面起着重要作用，并为生产高纯度工业级稀土提供了途径。这项工作在探索使用稀氢氧化铵和氯化铵的组合选择性除铁方面尤其具有开创性。通过这种方法，实现了一个重要的里程碑:在40°C的溶液pH为3.25时，沉淀固体主要含有铁(>96%)，稀土的损失最小(仅为0.22%)。这项研究首次证明了从这种性质的酸浸液中去除铁的高选择性。

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来源期刊

Hydrometallurgy 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

6.40%

发文量

144

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties. Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.