The two-faced process of learning and the importance of Janus-faced solutions

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH npj Science of Learning Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.1038/s41539-023-00210-w
Robin Samuelsson
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Abstract

Significant developments have been made to our understanding of how children learn, putting essential pieces to the puzzle of what it means to be human. Theories of learning are, however, headed in diverging directions, and this perspective paper argues that this dispersion can recapitulate recurring schisms in developmental and learning sciences about learning as a predominantly individually constructed or socially transferred process. It is argued that this opposition is unnecessary and that an encompassing understanding of learning should consider both directions. This conciliatory approach considers how humans learn from others and what is known while exploring new solutions. This is important for understanding learning in childhood, seeing learning as a simultaneously individual and social process where humans actively explore and exploit knowledge about the world around them. Framing learning by the metaphor of a Janus face, looking back at what is known while exploring new knowledge, becomes illuminating for understanding learning and provides an essential background for designing educational practices based on active learning.
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双面学习过程和扬努斯面解决方案的重要性
我们在了解儿童如何学习方面取得了重大进展,为人类的意义拼图添上了重要的一笔。然而,学习理论的发展方向却不尽相同,本视角论文认为,这种分歧可以再现发展科学和学习科学中反复出现的分裂,即学习主要是个体建构的过程,还是社会转移的过程。本文认为,这种对立是不必要的,对学习的全面理解应同时考虑这两个方向。这种调和方法考虑了人类如何在探索新解决方案的同时向他人和已知事物学习。这对于理解童年期的学习非常重要,它将学习视为一个同时具有个体性和社会性的过程,在这一过程中,人类积极探索和利用周围世界的知识。用 "雅努斯之脸 "的比喻来界定学习,即在探索新知识的同时回顾已知的知识,对于理解学习具有启发性,并为设计基于主动学习的教育实践提供了重要背景。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
29
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