Spatial structuring in early life stage fish diversity in the Scotia Sea region of the Southern Ocean

IF 1.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Polar Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI:10.1007/s00300-023-03210-z

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Abstract

The fish community of the Scotia Sea is diverse and plays key roles in Antarctic food webs and biogeochemical cycling. However, knowledge of the spatial and community structure of their early life stages is limited, particularly in the region surrounding the South Orkney Islands. Here we examine the structure of the early life stage fish community in the epipelagic using data from a basin-scale survey conducted in early 2019, which sampled the top 200 m of the water column. 347 early life stage fish from 19 genera were caught in 58 hauls. A third of all specimens belonged to the genus Notolepis and the nine most common genera comprised over 90% of specimens. Cluster analysis revealed five distinct groupings, the most common were a group dominated by pelagic and shelf slope genera (Notolepis, Muraenolepis and Electrona) found mainly in oceanic waters (depth ≥ 1000 m), and a group dominated by species with demersal or benthopelagic adults (Chionodraco, Chaenocephalus and Nototheniops) found mainly in shelf waters. Bottom depth was the main environmental determinant of community structure, separating the diverse on-shelf assemblage at the South Orkneys from the less species-rich community of widespread oceanic taxa. Our results indicate the highest diversities of early life stages of endemic fish occur on the shelf and near-shelf areas. Dedicated monitoring is recommended to understand the seasonal differences in larval community assemblages and the implications of early life stages fish bycatch within the krill fishery.

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南大洋斯科舍海地区早期生命阶段鱼类多样性的空间结构

摘要斯科舍海的鱼类群落种类繁多，在南极食物网和生物地球化学循环中发挥着关键作用。然而，人们对鱼类早期生命阶段的空间和群落结构了解有限，尤其是在南奥克尼群岛周围地区。在此，我们利用 2019 年初进行的一次流域尺度调查的数据，对水柱顶部 200 米的区域进行了采样，研究了上深海早期生命阶段鱼类群落的结构。我们在 58 次拖网中捕获了 19 个属的 347 种早期生命阶段鱼类。三分之一的标本属于 Notolepis 属，九个最常见的属占标本的 90% 以上。聚类分析揭示了五个不同的组别，最常见的组别是以中上层和陆架斜坡鱼属（Notolepis、Muraenolepis 和 Electrona）为主的组别，这些鱼属主要分布在大洋水域（水深≥ 1000 米）；以底栖或底栖成鱼为主的组别（Chionodraco、Chaenocephalus 和 Nototheniops），这些鱼属主要分布在陆架水域。底层深度是决定群落结构的主要环境因素，它将南奥克尼群岛的陆架多样性群落与物种不太丰富的广布海洋类群区分开来。我们的研究结果表明，陆架和近陆架地区特有鱼类早期生命阶段的多样性最高。建议进行专门监测，以了解幼虫群落组合的季节性差异，以及磷虾捕捞中误捕早期生命阶段鱼类的影响。

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来源期刊

Polar Biology 生物-生态学

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

11.80%

发文量

116

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Polar Biology publishes Original Papers, Reviews, and Short Notes and is the focal point for biologists working in polar regions. It is also of interest to scientists working in biology in general, ecology and physiology, as well as in oceanography and climatology related to polar life. Polar Biology presents results of studies in plants, animals, and micro-organisms of marine, limnic and terrestrial habitats in polar and subpolar regions of both hemispheres. Taxonomy/ Biogeography Life History Spatio-temporal Patterns in Abundance and Diversity Ecological Interactions Trophic Ecology Ecophysiology/ Biochemistry of Adaptation Biogeochemical Pathways and Cycles Ecological Models Human Impact/ Climate Change/ Conservation