Genetic diversity assessment for reintroduced Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus) based on newly developed SSR markers

IF 0.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Conservation Genetics Resources Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI:10.1007/s12686-023-01330-6

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Abstract

Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus) is a national protected species in China. It first became extinct in the wild in 1976, and was reintroduced to the Kalamaili National Park (KNP) in Xinjiang, China in 2001. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of the reintroduced population of Przewalski’s horse in KNP. Here, we developed and designed microsatellite molecular markers using 48 feces samples and combined this with published genomic data from the species. A preliminary analysis of genetic diversity within the Przewalski’s horse population in the KNP was conducted using 16 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with high levels of polymorphism and high stability. A total of 199 alleles were amplified using 16 SSR primer pairs, averaging 12.438 at each locus. In the sample of 48 genomes, the average effective number of alleles detected was 2.695, the average expected heterozygosity was 0.577 and the inbreeding coefficient was 0.232. Twelve loci showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium following Bonferroni sequential corrections. Our research finds that the genetic diversity of the Przewalski’s horse population in the KNP remains high. This is the first research using newly developed SSR markers to describe the genetic diversity and structure of the reintroduced Przewalski’s horse population in KNP, China. As such, it can inform future reintroductions of the species and conservation measures.

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基于新开发的 SSR 标记对重新引入的普氏马（Equus ferus）进行遗传多样性评估

摘要普氏原马（Equus ferus）是中国的国家一级保护动物。普氏野马于 1976 年首次在野外灭绝，2001 年被重新引入中国新疆卡拉麦里国家公园（KNP）。本研究旨在分析新疆卡拉麦里国家公园普氏马重引种群的遗传多样性和结构。在此，我们利用 48 份粪便样本开发和设计了微卫星分子标记，并将其与已发表的该物种基因组数据相结合。我们使用 16 对具有高多态性和高稳定性的简单序列重复（SSR）标记，对九寨沟普氏马种群的遗传多样性进行了初步分析。使用 16 对 SSR 引物共扩增出 199 个等位基因，平均每个位点有 12.438 个等位基因。在 48 个基因组样本中，检测到的等位基因平均有效数目为 2.695，平均预期杂合度为 0.577，近交系数为 0.232。经 Bonferroni 序列校正后，有 12 个基因位点明显偏离 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡。我们的研究发现，KNP 地区普氏马种群的遗传多样性仍然很高。这是首次使用新开发的 SSR 标记来描述中国昆明核电厂普氏马重引入种群的遗传多样性和结构的研究。因此，该研究可为今后该物种的再引入和保护措施提供参考。

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来源期刊

Conservation Genetics Resources BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-GENETICS & HEREDITY

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Conservation Genetics Resources promotes the conservation of genetic diversity and advances the study of conservation genetics by providing rapid publication of technical papers and reviews on methodological innovations or improvements, computer programs, and genomic resources, as well as on the practical application of these resources towards the development of effective conservation policy and practice.