Structural metamaterial lattices by laser powder-bed fusion of 17-4PH steel

IF 4.2 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI:10.1016/j.addlet.2023.100190
Felicity S.H.B. Freeman , Luke M. Jones , Alexander D. Goodall , Hassan Ghadbeigi , Iain Todd
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Abstract

Additive manufacturing build parameters are used to engineer structural metamaterials lattices with controllable mechanical performance, achieved through microstructural grading of 17-4PH steel without compositional or geometric modification. The high solidification rates of laser powder-bed fusion suppress the thermal martensitic transformation and lead to elevated levels of retained austenite. Diamond cubic lattices built at low energy density (low thermal strain) retain a low martensite phase fraction (3 wt%) and exhibit a bend-dominated compression response. Lattices built at high energy density experience increased thermal strain during the build, causing in-situ deformation-driven transformation, yielding 44 wt% martensite; these exhibit a stretch-dominated compression response. Metamaterial lattices, with high and low energy density parameters in different configurations, exhibit mixed compression responses. Controllable mechanical response was achieved through control of microstructure, using build parameters to adjust thermal strain and selectively suppress or trigger the martensitic phase transformation in-situ.

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通过激光粉末床熔融 17-4PH 钢形成超材料结构晶格
通过对 17-4PH 钢进行微结构分级,在不改变成分或几何形状的情况下,利用增材制造构建参数设计出具有可控机械性能的超材料结构晶格。激光粉末床熔融的高凝固速率抑制了热马氏体转变,从而提高了残留奥氏体的水平。以低能量密度(低热应变)构建的金刚石立方晶格保留了较低的马氏体相分数(3 wt%),并表现出以弯曲为主的压缩响应。以高能量密度制造的晶格在制造过程中经历了热应变的增加,导致原位变形驱动的转变,产生了 44 wt%的马氏体;这些晶格表现出以拉伸为主的压缩响应。在不同配置中具有高能量密度参数和低能量密度参数的超材料晶格则表现出混合压缩响应。通过控制微观结构,利用构建参数调整热应变,选择性地抑制或触发马氏体相变,实现了可控的机械响应。
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来源期刊
Additive manufacturing letters
Additive manufacturing letters Materials Science (General), Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanics of Materials
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
37 days
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