Interpersonal trauma and discharge symptom severity among individuals with psychotic disorders: A population-based cohort study in Ontario

Abstract

Interpersonal trauma is associated with poorer prognoses for individuals with psychotic disorders; however, its association with symptom severity at hospital discharge is unknown. Among 57,106 individuals hospitalized for a psychotic disorder in Ontario, Canada (2009–2019), 12,805 (22.4 %) with and 44,301 (77.6 %) without a history of interpersonal trauma were compared on the positive symptom scale (PSS) score at discharge. In a subcohort of individuals with an elevated PSS score of at least 6 on admission, we calculated the relative risk of positive symptom remission (PSS<6) at discharge comparing those with and without interpersonal trauma. Interpersonal trauma was associated with a higher PSS discharge score. Effect sizes were greater for those with who experienced interpersonal trauma in the past year. Results were similar by type of trauma (physical, sexual, emotional) and specific diagnosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, other psychotic disorder). In the subcohort, fewer inpatients with vs. without a history of interpersonal trauma had PSS<6 at discharge. Thus, individuals with psychotic disorders who have a history of interpersonal trauma are at risk for elevated symptom burden at hospital discharge. Integration of trauma-informed frameworks and trauma-focused therapies in the inpatient psychiatric setting may optimize outcomes at discharge.