European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Unseen burden: A gender-based study of trauma reactions in university students in Pakistan","authors":"Samia Rani ,&nbsp;Sadia Saleem","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A survey on trauma reactions was carried out among 830 university students from private and government sector universities.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The indigenous Trauma Reactions Scale developed by Rani and Saleem (2025) was used to collect data. 45 items were designed to determine the prevalence of mental health issues associated with traumatic life events in university students.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This scale consists of four subscales <em>emotion dysregulation, social withdrawal, depersonalization, and intolerance.</em> For demonstration of overall results, the authors suggest that scores falling above one SD should be considered as indicative of severe problems, whereas scores about 2 SD represent very severe problems.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed that most men were experiencing a moderate (20 %) level of trauma reactions, followed by severe (14 %), mild (9 %), and very severe (6 %). Furthermore, the women fall into the following categories 7 % mild, 15 % moderate, 19 % severe, and 9 % very severe. The results revealed that men fell into a mild to moderate, and women fell into the severe to very severe psychosocial stress reaction to trauma. Ordinal logistic regression reveals that the gender is statistically significant predictor of trauma reaction, but the symptoms of trauma reactions are almost similar in across gender.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings are consistent with other similar studies on the mental health of university students. The role of variables such as sample characteristics, the measure used, and cultural and contextual factors is discussed in determining rates, as well as their implications for student counseling services in prevention and intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between interoceptive awareness and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis","authors":"Minke M. van de Kamp ,&nbsp;Joana Machorrinho","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interoceptive awareness (IA) is increasingly recognized as relevant in trauma-related psychopathology, yet empirical findings on its relationship with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms remain inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence on associations between IA subdomains and PTSD symptom clusters. We included peer-reviewed studies with adult participants, published in six languages, using validated measures for PTSD and IA. Databases searched: Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Medline. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. Correlational data were pooled using a random-effects model with Hartung-Knapp adjustment and REML estimator for τ². Eight studies were included in the review, and seven in the meta-analyses (k = 1,239). Using validated measures of PTSD (based on DSM-5 symptom clusters) and IA (nine subdomains from the MAIA and SBC), we performed 35 separate meta-analyses to examine their interrelations, of which ten yielded significant pooled correlations. The strongest observed association was a positive correlation between hyperarousal and Body Dissociation (<em>r</em> = 0.51). Other significant findings included small positive correlations between Noticing and re-experiencing (<em>r</em> = 0.18), avoidance (<em>r</em> = 0.15), and hyperarousal (<em>r</em> = 0.17), and negative correlations between Trusting and re-experiencing (<em>r</em> = –0.11) and hyperarousal (<em>r</em> = –0.18). Findings tentatively suggest IA in PTSD is not uniformly impaired but imbalanced across subdomains, potentially reinforcing trauma-related distress. Limitations include small number of included studies, high risk of bias in most studies, limited subgroup analyses, and incomplete data availability. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of PTSD and IA. PROSPERO, CRD42025641337.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silenced screams: Unveiling the unseen trauma of technology-facilitated child sexual abuse (TF-CSA) through Turkish educators’ perspectives","authors":"Ömer Gökhan Ulum","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores Turkish educators' awareness, preparedness, and intervention strategies regarding TF-CSA through a rigorously developed and validated survey administered to 346 educators across different fields and grade levels. The instrument underwent factor analysis (KMO = 0.81, Bartlett's test <em>p</em> &lt; .001) and demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's α = .9734 for the total scale, with subscale reliabilities ranging from .7224 to .9261). Findings reveal that while educators acknowledge the psychological and academic consequences of TF-CSA, their capacity to intervene is limited by insufficient training (M = 2.13, SD = 1.11) and unclear institutional policies. Female (M = 2.25, SD = 0.56) and mid-career educators (36–40 years) exhibited significantly higher awareness and preparedness levels (<em>p</em> &lt; .01). The study underscores the urgent need for structured TF-CSA training, standardised intervention protocols, and policy reforms to enhance educators' ability to safeguard children from digital exploitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of broadband assessments of personality and psychopathology in the assessment of psychological trauma","authors":"Matthew M. Yalch,&nbsp;Alana R. Gallagher","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the assessment of the sequelae of psychological trauma, there has long been an overwhelming focus on the diagnostic symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This has led to a proliferation of scales designed to measure PTSD and, to a lesser extent, scales for measuring the primary traumatic experience linked to PTSD symptoms (as is required by the diagnostic criteria for PTSD). This approach to assessment rests on two assumptions – (a) that the clinical assessor is aware of trauma, and (b) that PTSD is the only (or at least the most distressing) problem associated with this trauma – that may in many cases not be accurate. The potential inaccuracy of these assumptions raises the question of what other possible methods of assessment might be useful in the context of trauma. One answer to this question is broadband psychological assessments, which provide both holistic pictures of psychological functioning and potential clues to the experience of trauma in cases in which the patient may not have disclosed it. In this paper we review two sets of broadband assessments (omnibus inventories of personality and psychopathology, and dimensional assessments of psychopathology), highlighting their utility in the assessment of trauma survivors and how they might be used in trauma-focused (and/or trauma-informed) interventions. We also contrast use of these instruments with others more or less commonly used in the assessment of psychological trauma. Our general conclusion is that broadband assessments of psychological functioning are a useful complement to traditional trauma-focused assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le trouble de stress post-traumatique complexe chez un sujet d’âge mûr: De la complexité clinique aux enjeux diagnostiques et thérapeutiques","authors":"Madiyiri Karim Pouabizan ,&nbsp;Serigne Modou Ndiaye ,&nbsp;Diambéré Séga Dembélé ,&nbsp;Serigne Souaïbou Ba ,&nbsp;Natalie Barba","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) complexe résulte d’expositions prolongées ou répétées à des événements traumatiques. Il associe les symptômes du TSPT classique (reviviscences, évitement, hypervigilance) à des perturbations durables de la régulation émotionnelle, de l’image de soi et des relations interpersonnelles. Le TSPT complexe se caractérise par une grande hétérogénéité clinique et partage de nombreux symptômes avec d’autres troubles psychiatriques, fréquemment comorbides. Les violences, répétées, sont reconnues comme des facteurs de risque majeurs de TSPT complexe. L’évolution prolongée des symptômes de cette pathologie pourrait constituer un modèle clinique pertinent pour le repérage tardif du TSPT complexe. L’objectif de notre travail était de montrer, à travers une observation clinique, comment l’hétérogénéité symptomatique, l’anamnèse traumatique et le parcours thérapeutique peuvent contribuer à des confusions diagnostiques prolongées et une prise en charge inadaptée. La problématique guidant ce travail était la suivante: comment un diagnostic de TSPT complexe peut-il émerger après des années de souffrance psychique polymorphe ?</div><div>Notre patient était hospitalisé pour une aggravation d’un tableau anxieux, une insomnie, une tristesse de l’humeur et des hallucinations acoustico-verbales stéréotypées, associés à une clinophilie et un retrait social. L’anamnèse révélait une exposition répétée à des violences scolaires à l’adolescence, sur un terrain familial marqué par un divorce parental précoce et des déménagements multiples. Au décours, sa souffrance s’était traduite par diverses manifestations cliniques atypiques du trouble de stress post traumatique, incluant un tableau dépressif, anxieux, des symptômes psychotiques, des conduites addictives et des difficultés relationnelles et socio-professionnelles. Les antécédents psychiatriques comportaient plusieurs hospitalisations pour des motifs parfois différents et les antécédents médicaux incluaient le diagnostic d’un syndrome d’apnée du sommeil. Sa souffrance était explicite mais n’avait pas conduit à une prise en charge adaptée pendant plusieurs années. Les comorbidités psychiatriques masquaient le TSPT complexe sous-jacent. La réévaluation thérapeutique avec une révision des traitements médicamenteux et l’instauration d’une psychothérapie adaptée avaient permis une amélioration clinique notable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing collective trauma through the arts: A predominantly online, multimodal trial in Ukraine","authors":"Maryna Teslenko,&nbsp;Viktoriia Shevchuk,&nbsp;Lesia Klevaka","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ukraine’s ongoing war has caused deep and widespread collective trauma, reflected not only in individual PTSD but also in moral distress, loss of shared dignity, and weakened social bonds. Arts therapy provides culturally familiar and non-verbal ways to support emotional regulation, but scientific evidence of its effectiveness in wartime settings is still limited. This article aims to substantiate and empirically verify a predominantly online, multimodal arts therapy program for treating collective trauma in Ukrainian communities. This study evaluated a 12-session multimodal arts therapy program for 192 adults across Ukraine using a pragmatic, predominantly online stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial. Primary outcomes were PTSD symptoms (PCL-5) and moral injury (MISS-M-SF); secondary measures included resilience (CD-RISC-10) and collective self-esteem subscales (CSES). A war-contextualized psychosemantic differential was analyzed with a Bayesian hierarchical mixture of factor analyzers (BH-MFA) to estimate probabilities of four latent response styles to collective trauma. Assessments were conducted at baseline, mid- and post-intervention, and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Compared with control periods, the intervention produced small to moderate reductions in PTSD and moral injury, increases in resilience, and selective gains in collective self-esteem. BH-MFA analyses indicated a reliable shift toward a normalizing-progressive (sublimating) response style without heightened aggression. A culturally adapted, online arts-therapy model is thus feasible and beneficial under wartime conditions, improving psychological symptoms and fostering adaptive collective coping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary treatment outcomes of transition-aged youth receiving cognitive processing therapy for PTSD: A brief report","authors":"Talia Tissera ,&nbsp;Emily E. Levitt ,&nbsp;Jenna E. Boyd ,&nbsp;Jennifer Hewitt ,&nbsp;Jennifer Ip ,&nbsp;Fan Rosenau ,&nbsp;Taylor Hatchard","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) being prevalent among transition-aged youth (aged 17–25), they face barriers to accessing treatment and have few therapy options tailored to their needs. Therefore, the purpose of this preliminary pilot feasibility study was to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of a 12-session Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) group for 25 transition-aged youth (aged 18–25) with PTSD. Participants completed measures of PTSD symptoms, secondary mental health outcomes (e.g., depression), and substance use and impulsivity at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-week follow-up. Group engagement was measured at post-intervention, and dropout rates were recorded. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to model the effects of the intervention on outcomes between Each timepoint. Results indicated significant decreases in PTSD symptoms χ2 (1) = 17.90, <em>p</em> &lt;.001 and key secondary outcomes, such as depression χ2 (1) = 8.78, <em>p</em> = .012. Group engagement was moderate <em>M</em> = 3.4 out of 6, <em>SD</em> = 1.6 and dropout (48%) was higher than in other CPT interventions but comparable to youth mental health interventions broadly. Youth who did not complete the group had significantly higher PTSD symptoms at baseline <em>t</em>(23) = 2.16, <em>p</em> = .041 and were significantly younger than youth who completed the group <em>t</em>(23) = 2.43, <em>p</em> = .024. These preliminary findings indicate that group-based CPT may be an effective low-barrier intervention for transition-aged youth with low-severity PTSD. Further research with larger samples and a control condition is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood trauma and emotion regulation as predictors of dissociative experiences in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder: A comparative study","authors":"Ali Mohammadzadeh,&nbsp;Fariba Shahnazi,&nbsp;Somayeh Gholizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While both childhood trauma and maladaptive emotion regulation are linked to dissociative experiences, their relative importance may vary across psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This comparative study aimed to investigate the predictive roles of childhood trauma and emotion regulation strategies on dissociative experiences in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Employing a cross-sectional, comparative design, a total of 167 participants (78 with schizophrenia and 89 with major depressive disorder) were recruited from clinical settings. Participants completed standardized self-report measures: the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Data were analyzed using bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Levels of dissociative experiences were significantly higher in the schizophrenia group. In both clinical groups, dissociative experiences showed significant positive correlations with childhood trauma and maladaptive emotion regulation. However, the predictive patterns differed between the groups. Multiple regression analyses revealed that in schizophrenia, maladaptive emotion regulation (β = .47) was the strongest predictor of dissociation. In contrast, for major depressive disorder, childhood trauma (β = .66) emerged as the dominant predictor. While both childhood trauma and emotion regulation deficits are significant transdiagnostic predictors of dissociation, their relative contributions differ across disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings support a dual-pathway model: in schizophrenia, dissociation may primarily reflect a breakdown in cognitive-emotional integration, whereas in major depressive disorder, it may function more as a secondary defense against trauma-related affective overload.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expressions of impaired mentalization and theory of mind within the therapeutic context perspectives of childhood sexual abuse survivors and their therapis","authors":"Orit Klapisch ,&nbsp;Keren Gueta ,&nbsp;Inbal Shlomi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impacts of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are profound and long-lasting, often resulting in impairments to survivors’ mentalization and/or Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities. The current study aimed to enhance our understanding of these phenomena and explored potential for recovery via effective therapeutic interventions. The research sample consisted of 18 patients and 19 therapists residing or working in two types of facilities: live-in prisoner rehabilitation centers facilities for female parolees (PRA); and a psychiatric unit hospital ward specializing in sexual abuse survivors (PU). Data were based on semi-structured interviews analyzed using the qualitative thematic analysis approach. Findings demonstrate that survivors are vulnerable to fractured thought processes that reflect their early traumatic experience, impacting their present-day perspectives of themselves, others, and the world, and resultantly projected within the therapeutic relationship. Awareness and identification of these expressions within the therapeutic relationship can help promote mentalization-based healing for survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic polymorphisms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder after natural disaster exposure: a systematic review","authors":"Thelma Beatriz González-Castro ,&nbsp;Jorge Arias de Dios ,&nbsp;Jorge Luis Hernández-Vicencio ,&nbsp;Daina Pérez-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop ,&nbsp;Yazmín Hernández-Díaz ,&nbsp;Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate ,&nbsp;María Lilia López-Narváez","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Posttraumatic stress disorder involves multiple genetic and environmental factors. Hurricanes, floods and earthquakes have been the most studied natural disasters over the years, due to the magnitude of the trauma they generate. It is, therefore, essential to clearly identify the risk polymorphisms which may potentially lead to PTSD among disaster survivors. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review of the literature to provide an overview of the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and PTSD risk in order to better understand post-disaster PTSD vulnerability. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. Eligibility review, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two authors. The methodological quality of the included studies was carefully assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Twenty-seven studies were included in this qualitative systematic review. The total number of participants across all studies was 21,213 individuals, comprising 17,799 PTSD patients and 3414 healthy controls. The majority of studies focused on earthquakes as the traumatic event. A total of 38 polymorphisms across 21 genes were reported as significantly altered in PTSD (SLC6A4, RGS2, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, CRHR1, CRHR2, ESR1, RORA, BDNF, GHRL, HCRTR1, COMT, DBH, ADCYAP1R1, OXTR, FKBP5, GHSR, TNF-RII, NPY2R, and NPY5R). This study provides a broad and detailed overview of risk genes for post-disaster PTSD</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}