Application of flaxseed as an effective approach for improving lipid profile parameters: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS PharmaNutrition Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI:10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100366

Amir Hossein Moridpour , Masomeh Goodarzi , Zeynab Kavyani , Negarsadat Nademi , Maziar Daneshvar , Vali Musazadeh , Amir Hossein Faghfouri

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Abstract

Background

Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of flaxseed on lipid profile parameters; however, some others have reported contradictory results.

Aim of the review

The current study, therefore, aimed to provide a thorough understanding of the effects of flaxseed on lipid profile parameters in adults.

Methods

To this end, a comprehensive systematic search was conducted to collect the required trials from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar up to December 2022.

Results

75 trials were included in our meta-analysis (two trials were only presented as a systematic review). Our study results indicated that the flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased the total levels of cholesterol (TC) (SMD: −0.57; 95% CI: −0.80, −0.33, P < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (SMD: −0.61; 95% CI: −0.87, −0.35, P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD: −0.36; 95% CI: −0.61, −0.11; P = 0.005), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios (SMD: −0.92, 95% CI: −1.35, −0.49, P < 0.010). However, flaxseed did not change the levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: 0.16; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.35, P = 0.097), and TC/HDL-C ratio (SMD: −0.35; 95% CI: −0.81, 0.11; P = 0.139).

Conclusion

It was concluded that the flaxseed supplementation may have improved the lipid profile. Therefore, it was recommended that flaxseed should be used as an adjuvant anti-hyperlipidemic agent.

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应用亚麻籽作为改善血脂曲线参数的有效方法：随机对照试验的最新系统回顾和荟萃分析

背景大量研究表明亚麻籽对血脂指标有益处；但也有一些研究报告了相互矛盾的结果。方法为此，我们进行了全面的系统检索，从 PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 数据库和谷歌学术中收集了截至 2022 年 12 月的所需试验。我们的研究结果表明，补充亚麻籽可显著降低总胆固醇（TC）水平（SMD：-0.57；95% CI：-0.80，-0.33，P < 0.001）、甘油三酯（TG）水平（SMD：-0.61；95% CI：-0.87，-0.35，P <；0.001）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（SMD：-0.36；95% CI：-0.61，-0.11；P = 0.005）和 LDL-C/HDL-C 比率（SMD：-0.92，95% CI：-1.35，-0.49，P <；0.010）。然而，亚麻籽并未改变高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平（SMD：0.16；95% CI：-0.03，0.35，P = 0.097）和 TC/HDL-C 比率（SMD：-0.35；95% CI：-0.81，0.11；P = 0.139）。因此，建议将亚麻籽用作辅助抗高血脂药物。

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