Transport Behavior of Cd2+ in Highly Weathered Acidic Soils and Shaping in Soil Microbial Community Structure

IF 3.7 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI:10.1007/s00244-023-01046-6

Jiaxin Shi, Luhua Jiang, Jiejie Yang, Ziwen Guo, Kewei Li, Yulong Peng, Nazidi Ibrahim, Hongwei Liu, Yili Liang, Huaqun Yin, Xueduan Liu

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Abstract

The mining and smelting site soils in South China present excessive Cd pollution. However, the transport behavior of Cd in the highly weathered acidic soil layer at the lead–zinc smelting site remains unclear. Here, under different conditions of simulated infiltration, the migration behavior of Cd²⁺ in acid smelting site soils at different depths was examined. The remodeling effect of Cd²⁺ migration behavior on microbial community structure and the dominant microorganisms in lead–zinc sites soils was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The results revealed a specific flow rate in the range of 0.3–0.5 mL/min that the convection and dispersion have no obvious effect on Cd²⁺ migration. The variation of packing porosity could only influence the migration behavior by changing the average pore velocity, but cannot change the adsorption efficiency of soil particles. The Cd has stronger migration capacity under the reactivation of acidic seepage fluid. However, in the alkaline solution, the physical properties of soil, especially pores, intercept the Cd compounds, further affecting their migration capacity. The acid-site soil with high content of SOM, amorphous Fe oxides, crystalline Fe/Mn/Al oxides, goethite, and hematite has stronger ability to adsorb and retain Cd²⁺. However, higher content of kaolinite in acidic soil will increase the potential migration of Cd²⁺. Besides, the migration behavior of Cd²⁺ results in simplified soil microbial communities. Under Cd stress, Cd-tolerant genera (Bacteroides, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Corynebacterium) and bacteria with both acid-Cd tolerance (WCHB 1-84) were distinguished. The Ralstonia showed a high enrichment degree in alkaline Cd²⁺ infiltration solution (pH 10.0). Compared to the influence of Cd²⁺ stress, soil pH had a stronger ability to shape the microbial community in the soil during the process of Cd²⁺ migration.

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Cd2+ 在高风化酸性土壤中的迁移行为与土壤微生物群落结构的形成。

华南地区的采矿和冶炼场地土壤存在过量的镉污染。然而，铅锌冶炼场高风化酸性土层中镉的迁移行为仍不清楚。本文在不同的模拟入渗条件下，研究了 Cd2+ 在不同深度的酸性冶炼场地土壤中的迁移行为。利用 16S rRNA 基因扩增子的高通量测序分析了 Cd2+ 迁移行为对铅锌矿区土壤微生物群落结构和优势微生物的重塑作用。结果表明，在 0.3-0.5 mL/min 的比流速范围内，对流和分散对 Cd2+ 迁移无明显影响。填料孔隙率的变化只能通过改变平均孔隙速度来影响迁移行为，而不能改变土壤颗粒的吸附效率。在酸性渗流液的再活化作用下，Cd 具有更强的迁移能力。但在碱性溶液中，土壤的物理性质，尤其是孔隙，会拦截镉化合物，进一步影响其迁移能力。SOM、无定形铁氧化物、结晶铁/锰/铝氧化物、鹅铁矿和赤铁矿含量较高的酸性土壤对 Cd2+ 的吸附和截留能力较强。然而，酸性土壤中高岭石的含量越高，Cd2+ 的潜在迁移量就越大。此外，Cd2+ 的迁移行为会导致土壤微生物群落的简化。在镉胁迫下，耐镉菌属（Bacteroides、Sphingomonas、Bradyrhizobium 和 Corynebacterium）和同时耐酸镉的细菌（WCHB 1-84）被区分出来。在碱性 Cd2+渗透溶液（pH 10.0）中，Ralstonia 表现出较高的富集度。与 Cd2+ 胁迫的影响相比，在 Cd2+ 迁移过程中，土壤 pH 对土壤中微生物群落的塑造能力更强。

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来源期刊

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology provides a place for the publication of timely, detailed, and definitive scientific studies pertaining to the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. The journal will consider submissions dealing with new analytical and toxicological techniques that advance our understanding of the source, transport, fate and / or effects of contaminants in the environment. AECT will now consider mini-reviews (where length including references is less than 5,000 words), which highlight case studies, a geographic topic of interest, or a timely subject of debate. AECT will also consider Special Issues on subjects of broad interest. The journal strongly encourages authors to ensure that their submission places a strong emphasis on ecosystem processes; submissions limited to technical aspects of such areas as toxicity testing for single chemicals, wastewater effluent characterization, human occupation exposure, or agricultural phytotoxicity are unlikely to be considered.