Žydų gelbėjimas Lietuvoje Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais: lietuviško muziejinio naratyvo kūrimo praktikos

IF 0.1 Q4 HISTORY Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI:10.15388/lis.2023.52.6
Rūta Šermukšnytė
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Abstract

Lithuanian historiography shows that the topic of rescuing the Jews in Lithuania during World War II (WWII) is intertwined into different narrative schemes: the pre-Holocaust story of the rescue of Jewish refugees at the beginning of WWII and the topic of the Holocaust in Lithuania. The question is: what narrative schemes of the rescue of the Jews are used in Lithuanian museums, what does the museum want to communicate to the public on the topic of the rescue of the Jews, by what means does the museum create a historical narrative, what historical cultural events promote the emergence of themes of the rescue of the Jews in one or another Lithuanian museum? The analysis of four cases (Vilna Gaon Museum of Jewish History, ‘Sugihara House’ in Kaunas, The Ninth Fort of Kaunas, ‘Lost Shtetl’ museum under construction in Šeduva) is used to answer these questions. It revealed that the aim of the topic of rescuing the Jews is to present the most objective, all-encompassing image of this past and to perform several important functions with the help of it. This is the education of Lithuanian and foreign visitors (the museum as a space of knowledge), honoring, remembering and thanking the Jewish saviors (the museum as a memorial space), refuting stereotypes related to the rescue of Jews (the museum as a space of demythification).
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二战期间立陶宛对犹太人的救援:创建立陶宛博物馆叙事的实践
立陶宛的史学研究表明,二战期间在立陶宛营救犹太人的主题交织在不同的叙事方案中:二战初期营救犹太难民的大屠杀前故事和立陶宛的大屠杀主题。问题是:立陶宛博物馆使用了哪些解救犹太人的叙事方案,博物馆希望就解救犹太人主题向公众传达什么信息,博物馆通过什么方式创造历史叙事,哪些历史文化事件促进了解救犹太人主题在立陶宛博物馆的出现?对四个案例(维尔纳加翁犹太历史博物馆、考纳斯的 "杉原之家"、考纳斯第九要塞、Šeduva 在建的 "失落的什特尔 "博物馆)的分析被用来回答这些问题。研究表明,以拯救犹太人为主题的目的是展示最客观、最全面的过去形象,并借助这一形象履行几项重要职能。这就是教育立陶宛和外国游客(博物馆作为知识空间),纪念、缅怀和感谢犹太救世主(博物馆作为纪念空间),驳斥与拯救犹太人有关的陈规陋习(博物馆作为去神话化空间)。
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审稿时长
24 weeks
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