This article delves into a analysis of the treatment of prisoners of war during the late 14th and 15th centuries. The study not only examines the challenges encountered by the prisoners themselves, as documented in their letters, but also sheds light on the difficulties faced by the officials of the Teutonic Knights and lords involved in their release and care. The work highlights the most salient aspects of captivity, including the deprivation experienced by the prisoners, the means by which they were able to obtain basic necessities such as food and clothing, and the types of places in which they were typically detained. Moreover, the article explores the various factors that influenced the behavior of both captors and captives, and distinguishes between the appropriate and inappropriate treatment of prisoners based on the established norms of medieval times.
{"title":"“In Heavy Chains”: The Treatment of Prisoners of War in the Teutonic Order in Prussia, the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the First Half of the Fifteenth Century","authors":"Antanas Petrilionis","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article delves into a analysis of the treatment of prisoners of war during the late 14th and 15th centuries. The study not only examines the challenges encountered by the prisoners themselves, as documented in their letters, but also sheds light on the difficulties faced by the officials of the Teutonic Knights and lords involved in their release and care. The work highlights the most salient aspects of captivity, including the deprivation experienced by the prisoners, the means by which they were able to obtain basic necessities such as food and clothing, and the types of places in which they were typically detained. Moreover, the article explores the various factors that influenced the behavior of both captors and captives, and distinguishes between the appropriate and inappropriate treatment of prisoners based on the established norms of medieval times.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tekstą iš anglų kalbos vertė ir įvadą parašė Mingailė Jurkutė
英语翻译：Mingailė Jurkutė
{"title":"Anthropology and the Abnormal","authors":"Ruth Benedict, Mingailė Jurkutė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.7","url":null,"abstract":"Tekstą iš anglų kalbos vertė ir įvadą parašė Mingailė Jurkutė","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"78 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apie Leono Nekrašo disertaciją „„Pafrontė“: Valstybė ir visuomenė Lietuvos pasienyje su Lenkija 1920–1939 m.“ ir jos gynimą / On Leonas Nekrašas’ Thesis „„Frontline Area“: State and Society in Lithuania’s Borderland with Poland in 1920–1939“
论 Leonas Nekrašas 的论文""前线地区"：1920-1939 年立陶宛与波兰边境地区的国家与社会
{"title":"Kova su „kinų sienos“ mitu","authors":"Dominyka Tarvydaitė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.10","url":null,"abstract":"Apie Leono Nekrašo disertaciją „„Pafrontė“: Valstybė ir visuomenė Lietuvos pasienyje su Lenkija 1920–1939 m.“ ir jos gynimą / On Leonas Nekrašas’ Thesis „„Frontline Area“: State and Society in Lithuania’s Borderland with Poland in 1920–1939“","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rec.: Elena Andreeva, Russian Central Asia in the Works of Nikolai Karazin, 1842–1908: Ambivalent Triumph, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.
Rec.: Elena Andreeva, Russian Central Asia in the Works of Nikolai Karazin, 1842-1908：矛盾的胜利》，帕尔格雷夫-麦克米伦出版社，2021 年。
{"title":"Art Creating Imperial Space","authors":"Laurynas Kudijanovas","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.8","url":null,"abstract":"Rec.: Elena Andreeva, Russian Central Asia in the Works of Nikolai Karazin, 1842–1908: Ambivalent Triumph, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lithuanian historiography shows that the topic of rescuing the Jews in Lithuania during World War II (WWII) is intertwined into different narrative schemes: the pre-Holocaust story of the rescue of Jewish refugees at the beginning of WWII and the topic of the Holocaust in Lithuania. The question is: what narrative schemes of the rescue of the Jews are used in Lithuanian museums, what does the museum want to communicate to the public on the topic of the rescue of the Jews, by what means does the museum create a historical narrative, what historical cultural events promote the emergence of themes of the rescue of the Jews in one or another Lithuanian museum? The analysis of four cases (Vilna Gaon Museum of Jewish History, ‘Sugihara House’ in Kaunas, The Ninth Fort of Kaunas, ‘Lost Shtetl’ museum under construction in Šeduva) is used to answer these questions. It revealed that the aim of the topic of rescuing the Jews is to present the most objective, all-encompassing image of this past and to perform several important functions with the help of it. This is the education of Lithuanian and foreign visitors (the museum as a space of knowledge), honoring, remembering and thanking the Jewish saviors (the museum as a memorial space), refuting stereotypes related to the rescue of Jews (the museum as a space of demythification).
{"title":"Žydų gelbėjimas Lietuvoje Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais: lietuviško muziejinio naratyvo kūrimo praktikos","authors":"Rūta Šermukšnytė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.6","url":null,"abstract":"Lithuanian historiography shows that the topic of rescuing the Jews in Lithuania during World War II (WWII) is intertwined into different narrative schemes: the pre-Holocaust story of the rescue of Jewish refugees at the beginning of WWII and the topic of the Holocaust in Lithuania. The question is: what narrative schemes of the rescue of the Jews are used in Lithuanian museums, what does the museum want to communicate to the public on the topic of the rescue of the Jews, by what means does the museum create a historical narrative, what historical cultural events promote the emergence of themes of the rescue of the Jews in one or another Lithuanian museum? The analysis of four cases (Vilna Gaon Museum of Jewish History, ‘Sugihara House’ in Kaunas, The Ninth Fort of Kaunas, ‘Lost Shtetl’ museum under construction in Šeduva) is used to answer these questions. It revealed that the aim of the topic of rescuing the Jews is to present the most objective, all-encompassing image of this past and to perform several important functions with the help of it. This is the education of Lithuanian and foreign visitors (the museum as a space of knowledge), honoring, remembering and thanking the Jewish saviors (the museum as a memorial space), refuting stereotypes related to the rescue of Jews (the museum as a space of demythification).","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article examines how the 1906 photo album of the Vilnius Children’s Welfare Society (1901–1940) serves as a reflection of the child-care practices employed by philanthropic organizations in early 20th-century Vilnius. This representational source reveals the society’s aspiration to engage in philanthropic activities by providing children the skills necessary for various professions and fostering their comprehensive development of the body, soul, and mind. The purposefully arranged mise-en-scènes within the photo album also depict the image of the organization that its members sought to create.
{"title":"Filantropinė veikla XX amžiaus pradžios Vilniuje: Vilniaus vaikų globos draugijos fotografijų albumas","authors":"Milda Kruopienė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines how the 1906 photo album of the Vilnius Children’s Welfare Society (1901–1940) serves as a reflection of the child-care practices employed by philanthropic organizations in early 20th-century Vilnius. This representational source reveals the society’s aspiration to engage in philanthropic activities by providing children the skills necessary for various professions and fostering their comprehensive development of the body, soul, and mind. The purposefully arranged mise-en-scènes within the photo album also depict the image of the organization that its members sought to create.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article not only introduces new sources that underline the importance of the march to Prussia (Preußenreisen) for the nobility of Western Europe at the time, but also highlights the challenges they faced along the way, including encounters with marauders, adverse natural conditions and captivity. These campaigns provide a detailed insight into the life of European nobility: how nobles inspired by literary ideals embarked on long journeys, visited various courts and feasted with other knights, and finally how European chivalry conceived itself on these campaigns. The story tells how from the westernmost corner of Europe they travelled to the East and, on their return, tried to make sense of their journeys (despite the enormous expense) through places of memory. In addition, this study explores how the Teutonic Order faced the new challenge of seeking new legitimacy after the baptism of Lithuania and Samogitia.
{"title":"Žygiai į Prūsiją: apie periferinio reiškinio pažintinę vertę","authors":"Werner Paravicini","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.1","url":null,"abstract":"This article not only introduces new sources that underline the importance of the march to Prussia (Preußenreisen) for the nobility of Western Europe at the time, but also highlights the challenges they faced along the way, including encounters with marauders, adverse natural conditions and captivity. These campaigns provide a detailed insight into the life of European nobility: how nobles inspired by literary ideals embarked on long journeys, visited various courts and feasted with other knights, and finally how European chivalry conceived itself on these campaigns. The story tells how from the westernmost corner of Europe they travelled to the East and, on their return, tried to make sense of their journeys (despite the enormous expense) through places of memory. In addition, this study explores how the Teutonic Order faced the new challenge of seeking new legitimacy after the baptism of Lithuania and Samogitia.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rec.: Anna Wiśniewska-Grabarczyk, Censorship of Literature in Post-War Poland: In Light of the Confidential Bulletins for Censors from 1945 to 1956, Jagiellonian University Press, 2022.
Rec.: Anna Wiśniewska-Grabarczyk, Censorship of Literature in Post-War Poland：In Light of the Confidential Bulletins for Censors from 1945 to 1956》，雅盖隆大学出版社，2022 年。
{"title":"Instructions for Censors: Behind the Curtains of Post-war Polish Censorship","authors":"Dominyka Tarvydaitė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.9","url":null,"abstract":"Rec.: Anna Wiśniewska-Grabarczyk, Censorship of Literature in Post-War Poland: In Light of the Confidential Bulletins for Censors from 1945 to 1956, Jagiellonian University Press, 2022.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"50 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apie Antano Terlecko disertaciją „Kolchozų visuomenės sukūrimas: Lietuvos kaimo sovietizacija 1940–1965 m.“ ir jos gynimą / On Antanas Terleckas’ Thesis „Creation a Kolkhoz Society: The Sovietization of Lithuanian Countryside (1940–1965)“
论 Antanas Terleckas 的论文 "创建 Kolkhoz 社会：立陶宛乡村的苏维埃化（1940-1965 年）
{"title":"How Rural Society Was Occupied","authors":"Kotryna Bėčiūtė","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.11","url":null,"abstract":"Apie Antano Terlecko disertaciją „Kolchozų visuomenės sukūrimas: Lietuvos kaimo sovietizacija 1940–1965 m.“ ir jos gynimą / On Antanas Terleckas’ Thesis „Creation a Kolkhoz Society: The Sovietization of Lithuanian Countryside (1940–1965)“","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the perception of Indian culture and everyday life, formed by the interwar Lithuanian press of the Catholic missions, which received little attention in historiography. Based on the articles published in the Jesuit magazine “Misijos” and the Salesian magazine “Saleziečių žinios” in 3rd and 4th decades of the 20th century, three main images that represented India in Lithuania are examined: Indian spirituality and religiosity, social problems of society, primarily the caste system and women’s rights, and finally the ferocious nature of the land. The analysis of periodicals revealed that the creation of images of India was influenced by the Christian tradition, the European orientalist attitude and the comparison of East-West civilizations.
{"title":"Images of India in the Lithuanian press of Catholic missions, 1927–1940","authors":"Laurynas Kudijanovas","doi":"10.15388/lis.2023.52.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/lis.2023.52.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the perception of Indian culture and everyday life, formed by the interwar Lithuanian press of the Catholic missions, which received little attention in historiography. Based on the articles published in the Jesuit magazine “Misijos” and the Salesian magazine “Saleziečių žinios” in 3rd and 4th decades of the 20th century, three main images that represented India in Lithuania are examined: Indian spirituality and religiosity, social problems of society, primarily the caste system and women’s rights, and finally the ferocious nature of the land. The analysis of periodicals revealed that the creation of images of India was influenced by the Christian tradition, the European orientalist attitude and the comparison of East-West civilizations.","PeriodicalId":33054,"journal":{"name":"Lietuvos Istorijos Studijos","volume":"42 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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