Efficacy of human living skin equivalent in the treatment of inherited epidermolysis bullosa

Abstract

Background: inherited epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic skin disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding structural proteins of epidermis and dermo-epidermal junction. Clinical manifestations are characterized by spontaneous or trauma-induced skin and/or mucosal blistering, and extensive wounds. Cell therapy is considered to be a perspective therapeutic approach in improving wound healing process. Aims: to assess safety and efficacy of human skin equivalent in the treatment of inherited epidermolysis bullosa patients Materials and methods: 7 patients (5 female and 2 male subjects from the age of 20 to 55) with inherited epidermolysis bullosa with different clinical subtypes were enrolled in the study: 3 patients with intermediate recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, 2 patients with severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, 1 patient with dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa and 1 patient with junctional epidermolysis bullosa. Transplantation of composite allogeneic living skin equivalent comprising allogeneic keratinocytes and fibroblasts in low concentration (5 mg/ml) embedded within a type I collagen gel matrix was performed. The living skin equivalent was developed at N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology. 19 erosions and ulcers with a surface area between 0,4 cm2 and 120 cm2 were evaluated. At day 14 clinical assessment was performed. To assess level of expression immunofluorescence antigen mapping was used. Results: at day 14 complete erosion closure was achieved in 10 (53%) erosions. 4 (21%) erosions reduced in size 75%. Size reduction between 25% and 75% was shown in a single (5%) case. No clinical efficacy was demonstrated in 4 (21%) cases. Collagen VII expression increased comparing to baseline level and accompanied clinical improvement. Conclusions: the obtained data showed clinical efficacy of topical treatment with living skin equivalent, although no statistically significant difference was seen between living skin equivalent and atraumatic non-adhesive dressings. Keywords: inherited epidermolysis bullosa, junctional epidermolysis bullosa, recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, erosions, healing, topical treatment.