Rapid Prediction of ANFO Based Explosives through ATR-FTIR Analysis – Use of ATR-FTIR in Explosives

IF 1.1 Q4 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI:10.30744/brjac.2179-3425.tn-68-2023
Rahul Sharma, Shailendra Kumar
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Abstract

Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO) is preferred mining explosives in worldwide. It is composed of ammonium nitrate (94-96%) and liquid hydrocarbon as fuel oil (4-6%), which is detonated through an explosive charge. In India, Forensic Science Laboratories received many criminal cases from investigation agencies for chemical analysis of sample as semi-solid materials supposed to be explosive material. In the present study, we developed an Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) procedure for easily analyzing the real crime exhibits related to ANFO based explosives. Firstly, semi-solid material is directly used on the ATR. Further, the sample is extracted using appropriate solvents (diethyl-ether/acetone). Extracts are subsequently analyzed on ATR-FTIR in comparison with standards for ammonium nitrate and diesel. The residue after acetone extract is dried and left solid material directly used on ATR for the detection of water-soluble compounds. The results significantly showed the presence of ammonium nitrate with the residue of diesel in a real crime exhibit. Hence, the proposed modify procedure can be advantageous for the rapid detection of diesel components mixed in ammonium nitrate through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy without the use of other chemical or instrumental analysis in a short period of time and also for easily identifying the presence of organic explosives (if any) among different samples received for the forensic opinion.
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通过 ATR-FTIR 分析快速预测基于 ANFO 的爆炸物 - ATR-FTIR 在爆炸物中的应用
硝酸铵燃料油(ANFO)是全球首选的矿用炸药。它由硝酸铵(94-96%)和作为燃料油的液态碳氢化合物(4-6%)组成,通过炸药引爆。在印度,法证科学实验室收到了许多来自调查机构的刑事案件,要求对被认为是爆炸材料的半固体材料样本进行化学分析。在本研究中,我们开发了一种衰减全反射-傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)程序,用于轻松分析与基于 ANFO 的爆炸物有关的真实犯罪证物。首先,半固体材料可直接用于 ATR。然后,使用适当的溶剂(二乙醚/丙酮)提取样品。提取物随后在 ATR-FTIR 上与硝酸铵和柴油的标准进行比较分析。丙酮萃取后的残留物经干燥后留下固体物质,直接用于 ATR 检测水溶性化合物。结果表明,在真实的犯罪现场,硝酸铵与柴油残留物一起存在。因此,建议的修改程序可在短时间内通过 ATR-FTIR 光谱快速检测硝酸铵中混有的柴油成分,而无需使用其他化学或仪器分析,还可在收到的不同法证意见样本中轻松识别有机爆炸物(如有)的存在。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
14.30%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: BrJAC is dedicated to the diffusion of significant and original knowledge in all branches of Analytical Chemistry, and is addressed to professionals involved in science, technology and innovation projects at universities, research centers and in industry.
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