An Empirical Study on Channel Reciprocity in TDD and FDD Systems

IF 5.3 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI:10.1109/OJVT.2023.3339799
Huixin Xu;Jianhua Zhang;Pan Tang;Lei Tian;Qixing Wang;Guangyi Liu
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Abstract

The 6 GHz band plays a crucial role in the development of the 6G. A profound comprehension of channel reciprocity is essential for designing time division duplexing/frequency division duplexing (TDD/FDD) systems within this band. Firstly, in an indoor corridor scenario, precise and impartial measurements are conducted for both the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channels in the 6 GHz band; A denoising algorithm is proposed to extract multipath components (MPCs) from the measurement data, enabling a more equitable assessment of channel reciprocity; Then, a comprehensive analysis of channel reciprocity has been conducted, focusing on four aspects: path loss, delay spread, cluster-based correlation coefficient (CBCC), and multipath power dissimilarity (MPD). The findings indicate that TDD systems demonstrate nearly perfect reciprocity, whereas FDD systems exhibit partial reciprocity in indoor scenarios. Specifically, in TDD systems, the CBCCs between UL and DL exceed 95%, while in FDD systems, they fluctuate between 80% and 90%. Additionally, a model has been provided to depict the relationship between MPD and center frequency, as well as frequency interval; Finally, a comparative analysis of measured and ray-tracing simulated results reveals the presence of numerous public MPCs, which share the same propagation delay and spatial angle between the UL and DL in FDD systems, as well as private MPCs that exist exclusively in either the UL or DL. They collectively influence the channel reciprocity.
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TDD 和 FDD 系统中信道互易性的实证研究
6 GHz 频段对 6G 的发展起着至关重要的作用。深刻理解信道互易性对于在该频段内设计时分双工/频分双工(TDD/FDD)系统至关重要。首先,在室内走廊场景中,对 6 GHz 频段的上行(UL)和下行(DL)信道进行了精确、公正的测量;提出了一种去噪算法,以从测量数据中提取多径分量(MPC),从而对信道互易性进行更公平的评估;然后,对信道互易性进行了全面分析,重点关注四个方面:路径损耗、延迟扩散、基于集群的相关系数(CBCC)和多径功率差异(MPD)。研究结果表明,在室内场景中,TDD 系统表现出近乎完美的互惠性,而 FDD 系统则表现出部分互惠性。具体来说,在 TDD 系统中,UL 和 DL 之间的 CBCC 超过 95%,而在 FDD 系统中,CBCC 在 80% 到 90% 之间波动。此外,还提供了一个模型来描述 MPD 与中心频率以及频率间隔之间的关系;最后,对测量结果和光线跟踪模拟结果进行比较分析后发现,在 FDD 系统中,UL 和 DL 之间存在大量共享相同传播延迟和空间角度的公共 MPC,以及只存在于 UL 或 DL 中的专用 MPC。它们共同影响着信道互易性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
25
审稿时长
10 weeks
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