Size-dependent clonal reproduction and sex allocation in the monoecious Begonia emeiensis

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 ECOLOGY Plant Species Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1111/1442-1984.12445
Lei Wang, Bi-Xian Wu, Nan Xia, Hao Wang, Guo-Xing Cao
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Abstract

Size-dependent clonal and sexual reproduction has been studied in many species. However, very few attempts have investigated size-dependent resource allocation among clonal reproduction, female function, and male function within a species. Moreover, how clonal reproduction and sexual reproduction interact to influence size-dependent sex allocation has not been explored. In this study, we investigated the size dependency of clonal reproduction and sex allocation and how clonal reproduction and sexual reproduction interact to influence size-dependent female function, male function, and sex allocation in the monoecious Begonia emeiensis. Individuals with no reproduction, reproducing clonally through bulbils, reproducing sexually through flowers, and reproducing through both bulbils and flowers differed significantly from each other in terms of size (leaf area), suggesting a threshold size for clonal versus sexual reproduction. Bulbil number per individual increased with size regardless of flower production. In contrast, the relationship between size and female and male flower production per individual was influenced by bulbil production; both female and male flower numbers per individual increased with size at a slower rate for individuals reproducing clonally and sexually than for those reproducing only sexually. The ratio of female to male flowers per individual increased with size independent of bulbil production. Our study shows that the size dependency of clonal reproduction was unlikely to be influenced by sexual reproduction; however, the size dependency of female and male function was influenced by clonal reproduction.

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雌雄同株海棠的大小依赖性克隆繁殖和性别分配
许多物种的克隆生殖和有性生殖都存在体型依赖性。然而,很少有人尝试研究一个物种内克隆生殖、雌性功能和雄性功能之间与体型相关的资源分配。此外,克隆生殖和有性生殖是如何相互作用影响大小依赖性分配的,也没有进行过探讨。在这项研究中,我们研究了雌雄同株海棠(Begonia emeiensis)中克隆繁殖和性别分配的大小依赖性,以及克隆繁殖和有性繁殖如何相互作用影响雌性功能、雄性功能和性别分配的大小依赖性。无生殖、通过球茎进行克隆生殖、通过花进行有性生殖以及通过球茎和花进行生殖的个体之间在大小(叶面积)上存在显著差异,这表明克隆生殖和有性生殖存在阈值大小。无论是否开花,每个个体的球茎数量都随着大小的增加而增加。相反,个体大小与雌花和雄花产量之间的关系受到球茎产量的影响;个体雌花和雄花数量随着个体大小的增加而增加,但克隆和有性生殖个体的增加速度低于仅有性生殖个体。每个个体的雌花和雄花比例随着个体大小的增加而增加,与球茎花的产量无关。我们的研究表明,克隆生殖的大小依赖性不太可能受到有性生殖的影响;但是,雌性和雄性功能的大小依赖性受到克隆生殖的影响。
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来源期刊
Plant Species Biology
Plant Species Biology 生物-生态学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
14.30%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Plant Species Biology is published four times a year by The Society for the Study of Species Biology. Plant Species Biology publishes research manuscripts in the fields of population biology, pollination biology, evolutionary ecology, biosystematics, co-evolution, and any other related fields in biology. In addition to full length papers, the journal also includes short research papers as notes and comments. Invited articles may be accepted or occasion at the request of the Editorial Board. Manuscripts should contain new results of empirical and/or theoretical investigations concerning facts, processes, mechanisms or concepts of evolutionary as well as biological phenomena. Papers that are purely descriptive are not suitable for this journal. Notes & comments of the following contents will not be accepted for publication: Development of DNA markers. The journal is introducing ''Life history monographs of Japanese plant species''. The journal is dedicated to minimizing the time between submission, review and publication and to providing a high quality forum for original research in Plant Species Biology.
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