Conditional Background Level of Aerosol Pollution in Surface Air in Moscow and One of its Suburbs: Seasonal Variations

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI:10.1134/s0001433823060051

D. P. Gubanova, A. A. Vinogradova, E. A. Lezina, M. A. Iordanskii, A. A. Isakov

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Abstract

Data from continuous observations of aerosol composition in the surface atmosphere in Moscow (in the city center) and in Moscow oblast (near the city of Zvenigorod) for three years, from the fall of 2019 to the end of 2022, are analyzed. The data were compared with the results of observations at the Moscow network of stations of the State Budgetary Institution Mosecomonitoring. The concept of conditional background aerosol pollution of the near-surface atmosphere in Moscow has been introduced for those days when the daily mean mass concentration of PM₁₀ particles was below the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) (60 μg/m³). The number of such days exceeded 91% in Moscow over three years of observations. Previously, the authors found that all episodes of higher aerosol pollution of urban air (exceeding the MPC) are associated either with the presence of a close local source in the city or with the long-distance transport of combustion aerosols and/or dust to Moscow and its suburbs from other regions. The daily mean concentration of PM_2.5 in the city and the suburb is year-round below the MPC (35 μg/m³). The conditional background aerosol pollution of the surface atmosphere is formed by both natural and anthropogenic sources of aerosols, not only of local, but also of remote origin. Its level and composition implicitly reflect the influence of meteorological parameters on the sources and sinks of aerosols and also the influence of advective transport of aerosol by air masses to and from the city. The results of analysis of seasonal variations in various indicators of aerosol composition in the surface atmosphere under conditional background pollution are presented: the mass concentration of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 particles and individual chemical elements and the distribution of chemical elements by size of aerosol particles. Similarities and differences between these characteristics in the surface air of the city and the suburb in different seasons are specially emphasized.

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莫斯科及其一个郊区地表空气中气溶胶污染的条件背景水平：季节变化

摘要分析了莫斯科（市中心）和莫斯科州（兹韦尼戈罗德市附近）从 2019 年秋季到 2022 年底三年间连续观测地表大气中气溶胶成分的数据。数据与国家预算机构莫斯科监测站网络的观测结果进行了比较。针对 PM10 颗粒物日均质量浓度低于最大允许浓度（MPC）（60 微克/立方米）的天数，引入了莫斯科近地表大气有条件本底气溶胶污染的概念。在三年的观测中，莫斯科的此类天数超过了 91%。在此之前，作者发现，城市空气中气溶胶污染较严重（超过最高允许浓度）的所有情况，要么与城市中存在近距离的本地污染源有关，要么与燃烧气溶胶和/或灰尘从其他地区长途运输到莫斯科及其郊区有关。市区和郊区的 PM2.5 日平均浓度常年低于 MPC（35 μg/m3）。地表大气的条件背景气溶胶污染是由自然和人为来源的气溶胶形成的，不仅来自本地，也来自远方。其水平和组成隐含地反映了气象参数对气溶胶源和汇的影响，以及气团对进出城市的气溶胶平流输送的影响。本文介绍了在有条件的背景污染条件下，地表大气中气溶胶成分的各种指标的季节变化分析结果：PM10 和 PM2.5 颗粒的质量浓度和单个化学元素，以及按气溶胶颗粒大小划分的化学元素分布。特别强调了不同季节城市和郊区地表空气中这些特征的异同。

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来源期刊

Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics 地学-海洋学

CiteScore

1.40

自引率

28.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics is a journal that publishes original scientific research and review articles on vital issues in the physics of the Earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere and climate theory. The journal presents results of recent studies of physical processes in the atmosphere and ocean that control climate, weather, and their changes. These studies have possible practical applications. The journal also gives room to the discussion of results obtained in theoretical and experimental studies in various fields of oceanic and atmospheric physics, such as the dynamics of gas and water media, interaction of the atmosphere with the ocean and land surfaces, turbulence theory, heat balance and radiation processes, remote sensing and optics of both media, natural and man-induced climate changes, and the state of the atmosphere and ocean. The journal publishes papers on research techniques used in both media, current scientific information on domestic and foreign events in the physics of the atmosphere and ocean.