No spatial advantage in adolescent hockey players? Exploring measure specificity and masked effects

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.intell.2023.101805

Ksenia Bartseva , Maxim Likhanov , Elina Tsigeman , Evgenia Alenina , Ivan Reznichenko , Elena Soldatova , Yulia Kovas

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Abstract

The study examines how intensive hockey training is linked with spatial ability and academic performance. Participants were hockey players from top junior teams (N = 225, mean age = 14.25, all boys) and their unselected peers (N = 278, mean age = 15.47, all boys). Compared to the unselected group, hockey players showed lower results in 10 small-scale spatial tests (Cohen's d ranging from 0.42 to 1.04), Raven's Progressive Matrices (d = 0.41), and 12 school subjects (d for the sum of grades = 1.17). The differences in spatial ability remained significant after controlling for Raven's (d varying from 0.26 to 1.03). The absence of spatial advantage in athletes suggests that effects of sports on cognition are complex: spatial ability facet-specific, sport-specific, professional and intensity level-specific. Moreover, these effects might be confounded by differences in academic engagement, investment of effort and psychological and physiological effects of intensive sports engagement.

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青少年冰球运动员没有空间优势？探索测量特异性和掩蔽效应

这项研究探讨了强化曲棍球训练与空间能力和学习成绩之间的关系。参与者是来自顶级青少年冰球队的冰球运动员（人数 = 225，平均年龄 = 14.25，均为男生）和未入选的同龄人（人数 = 278，平均年龄 = 15.47，均为男生）。与未入选组相比，曲棍球运动员在 10 项小规模空间测试（科恩氏 d 为 0.42 至 1.04）、瑞文渐进矩阵（d = 0.41）和 12 项学校科目（成绩总和的 d = 1.17）中的成绩较低。在控制了瑞文数模（d 从 0.26 到 1.03 不等）之后，空间能力的差异仍然显著。运动员缺乏空间优势表明，体育运动对认知的影响是复杂的：空间能力方面的特异性、体育运动的特异性、职业和强度水平的特异性。此外，这些影响还可能受到学业参与、努力投入以及密集运动的心理和生理影响等方面差异的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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