The structure and morphogenic changes of antennae of Spilococcus alhagi (Hall) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) in different instars

IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Zoologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI:10.1016/j.jcz.2023.12.004
Shuo-ying Ning , Zhe-hao Tian , Tong Cao , Jia Qu , Qi Jing , Ji-nian Feng , Chuan Chen
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Abstract

To better understand the antennal morphology and sensilla distribution of Spilococcus alhagi (Hall) in different instars, the antennae are examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the antennae of S. alhagi could be differentiated in different instars based on their stucture, number of flagellomere, and sensillar distribution. Functional antennae of S. alhagi appear in first instar nymphs, adult females, and adult males as many scale insects. The antennae of first-instar nymphs comprise six segments, and each antenna has 62–71 sensilla of eight types, including sensilla basiconica (SB), one type of sensilla trichoidea (ST1), two types of sensilla companiform (SCa, sSCa), two types of sensilla coeloconica (SCo1, SCo2) and two types of sensilla chaetica (SCh1, SCh2). The antennae of adult females have eight segments, but each antenna has 164–188 sensilla of the same eight types as the first instar nymphs. The antennae of adult males are more developed, and each antenna contains ten segments and 670–725 sensilla of eleven types, including knobbed seta sensilla (Ks), intersegmental sensilla (Ins), two types of sensilla trichoidea (ST1, ST2), two types of sensilla companiform (SCa, sSCa), two types of sensilla coeloconica (SCo1, SCo2) and three types of sensilla chaetica (SCh1, SCh2, bSCh). Of these, four types of sensilla, viz., Ks, ST2, Ins, bSCh are only observed on the antennae of adult males. The prepupa-like and pupa-like male nymphs both possess simplified antennae, and exhibit four types of sensilla (ST1, SCa, SCh1, SCh2). Based on these results, the morphogenic changes and potential functions of antennae of S. alhagi in different instars are discussed.

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Spilococcus alhagi (Hall) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) 不同龄期触角的结构和形态变化
为了更好地了解 Spilococcus alhagi(Hall)不同龄期的触角形态和感器分布,研究人员利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对其触角进行了观察。结果表明,根据触角的结构、鞭毛的数量和感受器的分布,可以区分出不同龄期的阿氏螺旋藻触角。与许多鳞翅目昆虫一样,S. alhagi 的功能触角出现在初生若虫、雌成虫和雄成虫中。初孵若虫的触角由六节组成,每节触角上有 8 种类型的 62-71 个感觉器,包括基本感觉器(SB)、一种三叶感觉器(ST1)、两种伴形感觉器(SCa、sSCa)、两种鞘状感觉器(SCo1、SCo2)和两种链状感觉器(SCh1、SCh2)。成年雌虫的触角有 8 个节片,但每个触角都有 164-188 个与初生若虫相同的 8 种类型的感觉器。雄性成虫的触角更为发达,每个触角有 10 个节片和 11 种类型的 670-725 个感觉器,包括有节的刚毛感觉器(Ks)、节间感觉器(Ins)、两种三叶形感觉器(ST1、ST2)、两种伴形感觉器(SCa、sSCa)、两种鞘状感觉器(SCo1、SCo2)和三种链状感觉器(SCh1、SCh2、bSCh)。其中,四种类型的感觉器,即 Ks、ST2、Ins 和 bSCh 只出现在成年雄虫的触角上。类蛹和蛹类雄性若虫都具有简化的触角,并表现出四种类型的感觉器(ST1、SCa、SCh1、SCh2)。根据这些结果,讨论了不同龄期 S. alhagi 触角的形态变化和潜在功能。
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来源期刊
Zoologischer Anzeiger
Zoologischer Anzeiger 生物-动物学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.10%
发文量
75
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal of Comparative Zoology is devoted to comparative zoology with a special emphasis on morphology, systematics, biogeography, and evolutionary biology targeting all metazoans, both modern and extinct. We also consider taxonomic submissions addressing a broader systematic and/or evolutionary context. The overall aim of the journal is to contribute to our understanding of the organismic world from an evolutionary perspective. The journal Zoologischer Anzeiger invites suggestions for special issues. Interested parties may contact one of the editors.
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