Zoologischer Anzeiger最新文献

Integrative taxonomy and geographic variation of Myotis dinellii and M. levis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) Argentinean populations 阿根廷大翅蝗和大翅蝗种群的综合分类及地理变异

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.004

María Antonella Argoitia , Guillermo H. Cassini , Fernando Mapelli , Pablo Teta

Myotis is one of the most diverse genus of bats in the world, with ca. 35 species recognized for the Neotropics. Among these, Myotis dinellii Thomas, 1902 has been alternatively treated as a valid species or as a synonym of Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824). Previous phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences suggests that both taxa could constitute a single species. To test this hypothesis, we employed both qualitative and quantitative morphological approach and a re-examination of the available genetic data, in order to integrate multiple lines of evidence. Principal component and discriminat analyses failed to separate morphologically M. dinellii from M. levis. Also, mitochondrial sequences of the cytochrome b gene showed very low divergence, and the taxa did not form reciprocally monophyletic groups. Therefore, morphological and genetic analyzes provides a strong support to the conspecificity between M. dinellii and M. levis. This hypothesis is also supported by our direct examination of some topotypes of M. dinelli and color photograph of the syntype of M. levis. The morphological variation found within the studied samples is more likely explained by geographic variation, involving a west-east gradient in overall size. Based on these findings, we propose that M. dinellii is a junior synonym of M. levis.

蝙蝠属（Myotis）是世界上最多样化的蝙蝠属之一，在新热带地区约有 35 个物种。其中，Myotis dinellii Thomas, 1902 一直被当作一个有效种或 Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) 的异名。之前的 DNA 序列系统发育分析表明，这两个类群可能是一个物种。为了验证这一假设，我们采用了定性和定量的形态学方法，并重新审查了现有的遗传学数据，以整合多种证据。主成分分析和判别分析未能从形态学上将 M. dinellii 与 M. levis 区分开来。此外，细胞色素 b 基因的线粒体序列也显示出极低的差异，这两个类群没有形成互为单系的类群。因此，形态学和遗传学分析为 M. dinellii 和 M. levis 之间的同种性提供了强有力的支持。我们对 M. dinelli 的一些 topotype 和 M. levis 的同种异形的彩色照片进行了直接检验，也支持了这一假设。在所研究的样本中发现的形态变异更有可能是由地理变异造成的，涉及到总体大小的西-东梯度。基于这些发现，我们认为M. dinellii是M. levis的初级异名。

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引用次数: 0

New species and records of Alisotrichia Flint, 1964 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Protected Areas of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil 巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州保护区刺毛蝇新种及记录（毛翅目：刺毛蝇科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.002

André Almeida Alves , Isabela Cristina Rocha , Leandro Lourenço Dumas

The genus Alisotrichia Flint, 1964 comprises 67 species described throughout the New World, being largely distributed in the Neotropics. In Brazil, only 10 species have been recorded, mainly in northeastern and southeastern regions. Herein, we describe and illustrate two new species of Alisotrichia from the Cerrado biome in the state of Minas Gerais: Alisotrichia trem sp. nov. and Alisotrichia uai sp. nov., both belonging to the orophila species group. We also provide new distributional data for Alisotrichia cainguas, Alisotrichia macae, and Alisotrichia ubatuba, with the first one also representing a new record for Brazil. This work helps to reduce the Wallacean and Linnean shortfalls by addressing knowledge gaps regarding Alisotrichia in the state of Minas Gerais and in the Cerrado biome.

Alisotrichia Flint属，1964年，包括67种，分布在新大陆，主要分布在新热带地区。在巴西，仅记录到10种，主要分布在东北部和东南部地区。在此，我们描述和说明了来自米纳斯吉拉斯州塞拉多生物群系的两个新种：Alisotrichia trem sp. 11和Alisotrichia ai sp. nov.，它们都属于orophila种群。我们还提供了cainguas Alisotrichia mace和ubatuba Alisotrichia的新分布数据，其中第一个数据也代表了巴西的新记录。这项工作通过解决有关米纳斯吉拉斯州和塞拉多生物群系的Alisotrichia的知识差距，有助于减少瓦拉西亚和林奈的不足。

引用次数: 0

Morphological variations among Schizothorax species from Kashmir Himalayas 克什米尔喜马拉雅地区裂胸科动物的形态变异

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.005

Sobiya Gul, Ifrah Rashid

This study investigates the morphological variation among Schizothorax species in the Kashmir Himalayas using geometric morphometric techniques. Schizothorax species, commonly known as snowtrouts, are vital to the aquatic ecosystems and fisheries of the Himalayan region. Despite extensive taxonomic research, significant ambiguity remains regarding species delineation due to hybridization and environmental influences. A total of 111 Schizothorax specimens were collected from the River Jhelum. Eleven anatomical landmarks and five semi-landmarks were identified and digitized using tps Dig software. The results revealed significant shape differences among four Schizothorax species, primarily in the head and body regions. Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) demonstrated a clear separation of Schizothorax esocinus and Schizothorax labiatus from Schizothorax niger and Schizothorax curvifrons, although some overlap was observed between the latter two species. Discriminant Function Analysis validated these findings with a 97 % correct classification rate. The study underscores the effectiveness of geometric morphometrics in distinguishing closely related species and understanding their morphological adaptations. These findings provide critical insights for biodiversity conservation and fisheries management in the Kashmir Himalayas, emphasizing the need for integrated taxonomic, genetic, and ecological approaches to resolve species ambiguities and support sustainable management practices.

本文利用几何形态计量学技术研究了克什米尔喜马拉雅地区裂胸科植物的形态差异。裂胸鱼，俗称雪鳟鱼，对喜马拉雅地区的水生生态系统和渔业至关重要。尽管进行了广泛的分类学研究，但由于杂交和环境的影响，关于物种划分的歧义仍然存在。在Jhelum河共采集到111只裂胸动物标本。利用tps Dig软件对11个解剖标志和5个半标志进行识别和数字化。结果显示，四种裂胸动物的形状差异很大，主要是在头部和身体区域。典型变量分析（Canonical Variate Analysis， CVA）表明，esocinus和labiatus与黑裂胸和曲线裂胸之间存在明显的分离，尽管后两种物种之间存在一些重叠。判别函数分析以97%的正确分类率验证了这些发现。该研究强调了几何形态计量学在区分密切相关物种和了解其形态适应方面的有效性。这些发现为克什米尔喜马拉雅地区的生物多样性保护和渔业管理提供了重要的见解，强调需要综合分类、遗传和生态方法来解决物种歧异和支持可持续管理实践。

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引用次数: 0

Skull variation of the genus Apodemus Kaup, 1829 (Mammalia: Rodentia) distributed in the Northern Anatolia region including three Turkish Islands, with evolutionary insight Apodemus Kaup, 1829（哺乳目：啮齿目）分布在包括三个土耳其群岛在内的安纳托利亚北部地区的颅骨变异，具有进化洞察力

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.003

Duygu Korkmaz , Engin Selvi , Nuri Yiğit , Ercüment Çolak

In this study, skull variations of 134 genetically identified (mtDNA cyt b and mtDNA control region) Apodemus specimens from 39 localities from Northern Anatolia, Thrace, Gökçeada Island, Bozcaada Island and Marmara Island were analyzed based on skull morphology. The limits of variation of five Apodemus species (A. flavicollis, A. witherbyi, A. sylvaticus, A. uralensis, A. mystacinus) distributed in Turkey were determined. These species, which live in similar habitats and thus have a complex taxonomic situation, were genetically identified to determine location-specific variations and standard characters. It was determined whether geographical barriers such as the Marmara Sea, Istanbul and Çanakkale straits, Melet River and Çoruh River separate the populations of the species from each other. These inferences were discussed in terms of paleogeographic reasons. The Kızılırmak River or ecological constriction were found to separate A. mystacinus to west and east parts. Also, the İstanbul strait was found to cause a possible separation of A. flavicollis specimens. The Melet River and the Çoruh River were not found to cause a distinction within the species. Differences between island populations and mainland populations were determined in Apodemus slyvaticus and A. witherbyi distributed in the islands. Differences in the East–West transition in Northern Anatolia were identified within species and related to habitat. Phylogenetic trees suggested that A. sylvaticus is nearly related to A. flavicollis. Differences were observed among Apodemus species in the palatine bone, and this diversity was also detected between geographic regions.

本研究对来自北安那托利亚、色雷斯、Gökçeada岛、Bozcaada岛和马尔马拉岛39个地区的134个经遗传鉴定（mtDNA cyt b和mtDNA控制区）的Apodemus标本进行了颅骨形态学分析。测定了分布在土耳其的5种姬鼠（黄斑姬鼠、枯萎姬鼠、森林姬鼠、乌拉尔姬鼠、神秘姬鼠）的变异限。这些物种生活在相似的栖息地，因此具有复杂的分类情况，通过遗传鉴定来确定特定位置的变异和标准特征。研究人员确定了马尔马拉海、伊斯坦布尔和Çanakkale海峡、梅雷特河和Çoruh河等地理屏障是否将该物种的种群分开。从古地理的角度对这些推论进行了讨论。发现了Kızılırmak河或生态收缩将黑桫椤分为东西两部分。此外，İstanbul海峡被发现可能导致黄曲霉标本的分离。没有发现Melet河和Çoruh河在物种内造成区别。测定了岛屿种群与大陆种群在岛上分布的短尾姬鼠和枯萎姬鼠的差异。在北安纳托利亚，东西过渡的差异在物种内部被确定，并与栖息地有关。系统进化树表明，木犀草与黄犀草亲缘关系较近。在不同种类的阿姬鼠中发现了腭骨的差异，这种多样性也在不同的地理区域之间被发现。

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引用次数: 0

Kernegaster gen. nov. (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae, Pachycorinae) and six new species based on genital and polychromatic synapomorphies Kernegaster gen.

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.005

Luís Ricardo Schmitz , Aline Barcellos , Joseph Eger , Filipe Michels Bianchi

Polychromatism is the presence of different colors or color patterns in a population. It is observed in many animal groups, abundantly in insects. Tetyra is a genus of Scutelleridae (jewel and shield bugs) containing five valid species distributed in the Americas. The three Nearctic species Tetyra antillarum (type species), T. bipunctata, and T. robusta, share more morphological traits among them than with the Neotropical species, Tetyra pinguis, Tetyra poecila, Tetyra farcta, previously considered a junior synonym but here revalidated, and six undescribed species. Here, we tested the monophyly of the genus under parsimony criteria, using 64 morphological characters (13 polychromatic characters) with equal and implied weighting schemes. We also evaluate the phylogenetic use of polychromatic characters using two supplementary analyses. The ingroup species formed a monophyletic group split in two well-defined clades, supported by more than ten characters each. One of them includes the three Nearctic species and the other nine Neotropical species. The last clade was supported by twelve character states, with six synapomorphies (mostly from polychromatic characters). Kernegaster gen. nov. is described for the Neotropical species based on genital traits and general morphology with six new species: Kernegaster chapadanus sp. nov., Kernegaster diminutus sp. nov., Kernegaster fulvescens sp. nov., Kernegaster igneus sp. nov., Kernegaster multimaculatus sp. nov., and Kernegaster rosafloresae sp. nov.

多色性是指种群中存在不同的颜色或颜色模式。在许多动物群中都可以观察到这种现象，尤其是在昆虫中。Tetyra是Scutelleridae（宝石和盾蝽）的一个属，包含五个分布在美洲的有效物种。新热带地区的三种新种Tetyra antillarum（模式种）、T. bipunctata和T. robusta具有更多的形态特征，而新热带地区的三种新种Tetyra pinguis、Tetyra poecila、Tetyra farcta（以前被认为是初级同义词，但在这里得到了重新验证）和六种未被描述的新种具有更多的形态特征。本研究以64个形态性状（13个多色性状）为研究对象，采用等量加权和隐含加权方法，在简约性标准下检验了该属植物的单一性。我们还通过两个补充分析评估了多色性状的系统发育用途。群内种形成了一个单系群，分为两个定义明确的分支，每个分支都有十个以上的特征。其中一个包括三个新北极物种和其他九个新热带物种。最后一个进化支有12个字符状态，6个突触（主要来自多色字符）。根据外阴特征和一般形态描述了新热带种Kernegaster gen. nov.，发现了6个新种：Kernegaster chapadanus sp. nov.、Kernegaster diminutus sp. nov.、Kernegaster fulvescens sp. nov.、Kernegaster igneus sp. nov.、Kernegaster multimaculatus sp. nov.和Kernegaster rosafloresae sp. nov。

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引用次数: 0

Confirming a synonym of the sea slug Philine orientalis spreading in Jiaozhou Bay, China 确认胶州湾海蛞蝓的同义种

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.007

Peizhen Ma , Zhen Zhang , Hao Song , Tao Zhang , Zhishu Lin , Aihuan Song , Ying Shi , Haiyan Wang

A philinid population outbreak occurred in Jiaozhou Bay in 2022, resulting in large yield losses on cultured Ruditapes philippinarum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) and significant economic losses for farmers. We applied a combination of morphological and molecular methods to identify the spreading population of philinids in Jiaozhou Bay. Evident morphological differences were observed in shells and gizzard plates of the spreading philinids, but molecular results showed that the philinids belong to one single species: Philine orientalis (A. Adams, 1854). Additionally, we found that Philine kinglipini Tchang, 1934 was a junior synonym of P. orientalis. Although P. orientalis was an invasive species in northeast Pacific regions, the population spreading in Jiaozhou Bay was native. Our results might provide useful information for the control and management of this spreading species.

2022年胶州湾发生了菲利尼虫种群爆发，造成养殖菲律宾Ruditapes philippine & arum (A. Adams &；Reeve, 1850)和农民的重大经济损失。采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法，对胶州湾的philinids扩散种群进行了鉴定。在分布的philinids的壳和胗板上观察到明显的形态学差异，但分子结果表明philinids属于一个单一的物种：Philine orientalis （A. Adams, 1854）。此外，我们还发现Philine kinglipini Tchang， 1934是P. orientalis的初级同义种。虽然东洋蓟是东北太平洋地区的入侵种，但胶州湾的种群分布是本地的。本研究结果可为该扩散种的控制和管理提供参考。

引用次数: 0

A new and threatened species of internally inseminating seasonal killifish of Campellolebias (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) endemic to a continental island in the Atlantic Forest, Southern Brazil 巴西南部大西洋森林某大陆岛屿特有的一种内授精季节性鳉鱼（鲤形目：鲤科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.004

Matheus Vieira Volcan , Daiana Kaster Garcez , Lizandra Jaqueline Robe , Caio Roberto Magagnin Feltrin , Wilson José Eduardo Moreira Costa , Luis Esteban Krause Lanés

Campellolebias comprises small internally inseminating seasonal fishes that inhabit temporary pools in tropical and subtropical areas of the Atlantic Forest. It currently encompasses four species. Integrative taxonomy was used here to investigate a possible new species found in the island of Florianópolis, southern Brazil. The examined material confirm that it pertains to a new species. Furthermore, minimum genetic distances found between this and other species of Campellolebias regarding mitochondrial markers were higher than 3 %. This new species is distinguished from all other species of Campellolebias by the combination of a series of character states, including the color pattern in both sexes, pelvic-fin bases separated by an interspace, pelvic-fin tips reaching base of the 1st anal-fin ray in males and the urogenital papilla in females, by possessing 1–2+24-29 infraorbital neuromasts, 2–4 otic neuromasts, and by the anal-fin origin being positioned at a vertical between the base of the 4th and 6th dorsal-fin ray in females. Campellolebias insularis, new species, occurs exclusively in small temporary wetlands in areas under strong threat due to real estate development, in the island of Florianópolis. Due to the advanced stage of habitat loss and degradation, its restricted distribution area, and the reduced populations sizes, the species is considered Critically Endangered. Additionally, comments are provided on the putative relationships of the new species, its conservation status, and an identification key for the species of Campellolebias.

Campellolebias是一种小型的内部授精季节性鱼类，栖息在大西洋森林热带和亚热带地区的临时水池中。目前有四种。本文采用综合分类学方法对巴西南部Florianópolis岛上发现的一种可能的新种进行了研究。经检查的材料证实它属于一个新物种。此外，在线粒体标记方面，该物种与其他camellolebias物种之间的最小遗传距离高于3%。这一新种与其他所有的Campellolebias物种的区别在于，它具有一系列的特征状态，包括两性的颜色图案，骨盆鳍基部有间隙分隔，雄性的骨盆鳍尖端到达第1肛门鳍的底部，雌性的泌尿生殖器乳头，拥有1-2 +24-29个眶下神经突，2-4个耳神经突，通过肛门鳍的起源在雌性的第四和第六背鳍的底部之间的垂直位置。campellolbias insularis是一种新物种，只生长在Florianópolis岛上因房地产开发而受到严重威胁的小型临时湿地上。由于栖息地丧失和退化的后期阶段，其分布区域受到限制，种群数量减少，该物种被认为是极度濒危物种。此外，还对该新种的推测关系、保护现状和Campellolebias的鉴定关键进行了评述。

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引用次数: 0

Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy 南美南部两新属Chimalfus和Liracoxa（鞘翅目：葡萄球菌科：葡萄球菌科）头部和前额毛分类学的几何形态计量学评价

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002

Anna Reinhold Larsen , Alexey Solodovnikov , José L. Reyes-Hernández

Based on the ongoing phylogenetic study of the subtribe Amblyopinina, two new genera are described, Chimalfus gen. nov. and Liracoxa gen. nov. to accommodate three species earlier misplaced in the genus Sphingoquedius. The resulting new combinations are Chimalfus brevis (Sáiz, 1971) comb. nov., Chimalfus discoideus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862) comb. nov., and Liracoxa nana (Sáiz, 1971) comb. nov. Furthermore, a new species, Chimalfus brunneus sp. nov., is described. For each species, taxonomic descriptions, illustrations, distributions, and bionomics are provided. Geometric morphometric analysis identified morphologically significant traits for the delimitation of all revised and new species. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and procrustes ANOVA offered an effective overview of all traits, highlighting key morphological characters for species delimitation. The analyses revealed that the chaetotaxy of the head and pronotum was significant for species delimitation. This knowledge, as well as the methodical workflow employed in this study, may be applied in future taxonomic work in the more species-rich genera of Amblyopinina.

根据正在进行的 Amblyopinina 亚族系统发育研究，描述了两个新属 Chimalfus gen.由此产生的新组合是 Chimalfus brevis (Sáiz, 1971) comb.此外，还描述了一个新种 Chimalfus brunneus sp.此外，还描述了新种 Chimalfus brunneus sp.几何形态分析确定了所有修订种和新种的重要形态特征。主成分分析（PCA）和褶皱方差分析（procrustes ANOVA）提供了对所有特征的有效概述，突出了物种划分的关键形态特征。分析结果表明，头部和前胸的序列对物种划分具有重要意义。这些知识以及本研究采用的工作流程可应用于今后物种更丰富的 Amblyopinina 属的分类工作中。

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引用次数: 0

Clam fishing along 1300 km Chilean coastline: A morphometric and genetic survey of Mulinia edulis King, 1832

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.001

Doris Oliva , Valentina Salgado , Hugo A. Benítez , Alejandro Abarca , L. René Durán , Anahi Canto , Camila Barría , Marcela P. Astorga

Mulinia edulis, also known as Taquilla clam, is a fishery resource, and one of the 6 species of clams commercially exploited in Chile. Valuable advances have been made for its culture, but there is still uncertainty regarding the species associated with the main commercial banks. The hypothesis was that, if the different harvested banks of M. edulis correspond to a single species along the Chilean coast, when comparing individuals from the north, central and south, they should not present significant morphological differences in their valves. The aim of this paper is to analyze and compare the morphology of M. edulis valves using geometric morphology and genetic comparison by sequencing the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome oxidase I and 16S RNA gene. Samples were obtained in three main fishery grounds, Tongoy Bay (northern), Arauco Gulf (central) and Ancud Bay (southern). In the inner side of the right valve 28 morphological landmarks were set, using TPS Util and R package geomorph, landmarks settings were overlaid through the generalized Procrustes analysis. Principal Components Analysis (PCA), using residuals were conducted among locations and sex. The results show no in-fluence of size or sex on shape of the valves. Through PCA analysis banks were differentiated by their shape. Abductor muscle and pallial sinus show the most relevant differences, especially when comparing northern and southern clams, where Arauco Gulf shows an intermediate morph. The three localities show low genetic diversity and little differentiation between them. This finding suggests that the fishery of taquilla clam is sustained only by M. edulis.

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引用次数: 0

Larval chaetotaxy and morphometry of Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): Insights into terrestrial adaptations of Dactylosternum Wollaston, Hydroglobus Knisch, and Sphaeridium Fabricius

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.005

Georgina Rodriguez , Miguel Archangelsky , Patricia Laura María Torres

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of larvae from the Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini tribes of Sphaeridiinae. The chaetotaxy of the head capsule and head appendages of larvae of Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius), Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum (Fabricius), Hydroglobus puncticollis (Bruch) and Sphaeridium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) is described and illustrated. Morphometric characters from the head capsule and mouthparts are included, along with detailed illustrations and scanning electron microscope photographs of all characters. Morphology and chaetotaxy of these larvae are compared with those of other Sphaeridiinae. Coelostomatini revealed two distinct ecomorphotypes, terrestrial and aquatic, with adaptations reflecting their respective environments. The somatic morphology of Dactylosternum larvae shows convergence with those inhabiting decaying organic matter, such as Sphaeridiini and Megasternini, indicating common adaptive strategies across tribes. However, Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum shows ambiguous characteristics between terrestrial and aquatic morphotypes, suggesting a distinct adaptive strategy in terrestrial environments. No putative shared larval apomorphies were observed to support a phylogenetic relationship between Hydroglobus and Phaenonotum as close as previously assumed. Detailed comparisons among Sphaeridium larval instars reveal variations in chaetotaxy and morphometry of head structures and appendages.

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引用次数: 0