Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.003
Sergio Álvarez-Ortega
The genus Labronema comprises a diverse and widely distributed group of nematodes within the order Dorylaimida. However, its taxonomy remains challenging due to significant morphological variability among species and the limited availability of molecular data. This study provides comprehensive descriptions of four known Labronema species, including the type species of the genus, supported by both morphological and molecular analyses. It also presents a phylogenetic assessment aimed at clarifying evolutionary relationships within the genus. Furthermore, the study incorporates a scanning electron microscopy analysis for three species and reports two species not previously recorded in Spain. Results suggest that Labronema is not a monophyletic taxon, identifying at least three distinct species groups. The postembryonic development of Labronema stechlinensis reveals significant morphological changes, offering valuable insights into the developmental biology and evolutionary morphology of these nematodes. This contribution highlights the importance of integrating morphological and molecular data to address taxonomic and phylogenetic complexities within Labronema.
{"title":"Advancing the understanding of morphological and molecular diversity of the genus Labronema Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with new insights into its molecular phylogeny","authors":"Sergio Álvarez-Ortega","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Labronema</em> comprises a diverse and widely distributed group of nematodes within the order Dorylaimida. However, its taxonomy remains challenging due to significant morphological variability among species and the limited availability of molecular data. This study provides comprehensive descriptions of four known <em>Labronema</em> species, including the type species of the genus, supported by both morphological and molecular analyses. It also presents a phylogenetic assessment aimed at clarifying evolutionary relationships within the genus. Furthermore, the study incorporates a scanning electron microscopy analysis for three species and reports two species not previously recorded in Spain. Results suggest that <em>Labronema</em> is not a monophyletic taxon, identifying at least three distinct species groups. The postembryonic development of <em>Labronema stechlinensis</em> reveals significant morphological changes, offering valuable insights into the developmental biology and evolutionary morphology of these nematodes. This contribution highlights the importance of integrating morphological and molecular data to address taxonomic and phylogenetic complexities within <em>Labronema</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 105-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.006
Omer dad , Muhammad Fiaz Khan , Akhtar Rasool , Mohammad Attaullah , Muhammad Israr , Naveed Akhtar
Triplophysa is an ecologically and commercially important genus of freshwater fish consisting of cryptic species with uncertain taxonomic status. The current study was the first report on the molecular phylogeny of the genus Triplophysa in the freshwater of Malakand Division, Pakistan. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was used for the identification of cryptic species in the genus Triplophysa and for finding out the molecular phylogeny of the identified species. Fish specimens were collected, and DNA was extracted, then amplified using genes specific primers. The PCR results were sequenced, and consensus sequences were created using BioEdit software. The consensus nucleotide sequences of each Triplophysa species were BLAST, and each query sample showed similarities to gene bank sequences. The three species of Triplophysa (Triplophysa microps, Triplophysa naziri, and Triplophysa choprai) were identified, and their phylogenetic analysis was carried out using MEGA software. The mitochondrial gene sequences of the three recognized species (T. naziri, T. microps, and T. choprai) have been uploaded for the first time to the GenBank database. These findings will be an addition to the indigenous ichthyofauna of Pakistan and will act as a reference library for future studies.
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny and cryptic species identification of the genus Triplophysa in the freshwater of Malakand division, Pakistan","authors":"Omer dad , Muhammad Fiaz Khan , Akhtar Rasool , Mohammad Attaullah , Muhammad Israr , Naveed Akhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Triplophysa</em> is an ecologically and commercially important genus of freshwater fish consisting of cryptic species with uncertain taxonomic status. The current study was the first report on the molecular phylogeny of the genus <em>Triplophysa</em> in the freshwater of Malakand Division, Pakistan. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I (<em>COI)</em> was used for the identification of cryptic species in the genus <em>Triplophysa</em> and for finding out the molecular phylogeny of the identified species. Fish specimens were collected, and DNA was extracted, then amplified using genes specific primers. The PCR results were sequenced, and consensus sequences were created using BioEdit software. The consensus nucleotide sequences of each <em>Triplophysa</em> species were BLAST, and each query sample showed similarities to gene bank sequences. The three species of <em>Triplophysa</em> (<em>Triplophysa microps, Triplophysa naziri,</em> and <em>Triplophysa choprai</em>) were identified, and their phylogenetic analysis was carried out using MEGA software. The mitochondrial gene sequences of the three recognized species (<em>T. naziri, T. microps,</em> and <em>T. choprai</em>) have been uploaded for the first time to the GenBank database. These findings will be an addition to the indigenous ichthyofauna of Pakistan and will act as a reference library for future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.004
Shaohua Chen , Yongshuang Xiao , Zhizhong Xiao , Jun Li , Angel Herrera-Ulloa
Taxonomic studies demonstrated that Tridentiger bifasciatus and Tridentiger trigonocephalus were homologous species with highly analogous external morphology, which rendered them challenging to distinguish from one another. The results of species distribution modeling indicated that T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus exhibited significant overlap in their distribution points and suitable habitats, primarily concentrated in areas where freshwater and saltwater converge at river mouths. This paper presented a T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus species-specific marker, specific primers, applications, and a method for rapid identification in species identification to overcome the inadequacy of existing detection techniques for species identification of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus. A pair of primers could be used to amplify two DNA fragments of 497 bp and 644 bp with a difference of 147 bp in T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus individuals, only a single DNA fragment of 497 bp in T. bifasciatus individuals and 644 bp in a T. trigonocephalus. The DNA of individuals of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus could be amplified and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis, reducing the time required for the identification of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus. Tridentiger species, reducing the time required for the accurate identification of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus, and improving the efficiency of species identification detection. This method provides an efficient, rapid, and accurate identification of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus species. It is significant and valuable for accurately assessing fishery resources and conserving biodiversity of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus. Additionally, it improves knowledge of sustainable replenishment of the resources of T. bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus.
{"title":"Molecular Discrimination of morphologically similar fishery species: The Case of Tridentiger bifasciatus and T. trigonocephalus","authors":"Shaohua Chen , Yongshuang Xiao , Zhizhong Xiao , Jun Li , Angel Herrera-Ulloa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taxonomic studies demonstrated that <em>Tridentiger bifasciatus</em> and <em>Tridentiger trigonocephalus</em> were homologous species with highly analogous external morphology, which rendered them challenging to distinguish from one another. The results of species distribution modeling indicated that <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em> exhibited significant overlap in their distribution points and suitable habitats, primarily concentrated in areas where freshwater and saltwater converge at river mouths. This paper presented a <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em> species-specific marker, specific primers, applications, and a method for rapid identification in species identification to overcome the inadequacy of existing detection techniques for species identification of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em>. A pair of primers could be used to amplify two DNA fragments of 497 bp and 644 bp with a difference of 147 bp in <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em> individuals, only a single DNA fragment of 497 bp in <em>T. bifasciatus</em> individuals and 644 bp in a <em>T. trigonocephalus</em>. The DNA of individuals of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em> could be amplified and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis, reducing the time required for the identification of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus. Tridentiger</em> species, reducing the time required for the accurate identification of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em>, and improving the efficiency of species identification detection. This method provides an efficient, rapid, and accurate identification of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em> species. It is significant and valuable for accurately assessing fishery resources and conserving biodiversity of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em>. Additionally, it improves knowledge of sustainable replenishment of the resources of <em>T. bifasciatus</em> and <em>T. trigonocephalus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 89-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.002
Mohd Sadiq, Lubna Yasmeen, Insha Hassan, Mohammad Afzal Khan
The biometric assessment of three freshwater fish species, Mystus vittatus, Cirrhinus reba, and Pethia ticto, was conducted on four different sampling stations along the River Ganga to analyse the body shape and growth variation. A total of 679 fish specimens were sampled, and various biometric parameters were measured and analyzed. The Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of truss landmark distances and some morphometric characters indicated that there were significant variations in the morphometric parameters of the selected fishes across different sampling locations. The study revealed that Length–Weight relationships (LWRs) and Length–Length relationships (LLRs) were statistically significant (p < 0.001) with coefficient of determination (R2) values close to 1 for all LLRs of selected fish species. Significant variations were found in growth trends and condition factors among the fish species across different sampling sites. Condition factor values for M. vittatus and C. reba were below 1 from the Kanpur and Bhagalpur sites and the condition factor values for P. ticto were significantly high from all sampling locations. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the growth patterns and condition of these fish populations, essential for fisheries management, conservation efforts, and ecosystem sustainability. The study highlights the significance of biometric assessments in comprehending fish population dynamics and informing effective conservation strategies.
{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of spatial biometric parameters affecting body shape variation among three freshwater fish species","authors":"Mohd Sadiq, Lubna Yasmeen, Insha Hassan, Mohammad Afzal Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biometric assessment of three freshwater fish species, <em>Mystus vittatus, Cirrhinus reba</em>, and <em>Pethia ticto,</em> was conducted on four different sampling stations along the River Ganga to analyse the body shape and growth variation. A total of 679 fish specimens were sampled, and various biometric parameters were measured and analyzed. The Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of truss landmark distances and some morphometric characters indicated that there were significant variations in the morphometric parameters of the selected fishes across different sampling locations. The study revealed that Length–Weight relationships (LWRs) and Length–Length relationships (LLRs) were statistically significant (p < 0.001) with coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) values close to 1 for all LLRs of selected fish species. Significant variations were found in growth trends and condition factors among the fish species across different sampling sites. Condition factor values for <em>M. vittatus</em> and <em>C. reba</em> were below 1 from the Kanpur and Bhagalpur sites and the condition factor values for <em>P. ticto</em> were significantly high from all sampling locations. The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the growth patterns and condition of these fish populations, essential for fisheries management, conservation efforts, and ecosystem sustainability. The study highlights the significance of biometric assessments in comprehending fish population dynamics and informing effective conservation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 75-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.001
María Florencia Tano de la Hoz , Francisco Acuña , Maité Suasnabar , Mirta Alicia Flamini , Alcira Ofelia Díaz
The mammalian tongue performs several relevant functions, including food capture and its mechanical and chemical modification, swallowing, taste perception, vocalization, and also thermoregulation. Most of these functions are related to the morphology of the organ. In this work, we described for the first time the morphological, histochemical and lectin-histochemical characteristics of the tongue of the hystricomorph rodent Lagostomus maximus (plains viscacha). The viscacha's tongue was classified as type I and exhibited features typical of herbivorous mammals. Its histological characteristics were similar to those reported for other mammals with comparable diets, showing filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. Particularly, the number of vallate papillae varied from what has been observed in other hystricomorphs and eutherians, suggesting that this feature may be species-specific. Foliate papillae were absent. Lingual glands consists of serous acini superficially located, and mucous acini which were situated more deeply. These glandular locations also varied among different hystricomorphs. The glycosylation pattern of the acini in the viscacha's tongue resembles those reported in other species; however, since there is currently no available data related to the lectin-histochemical pattern for eutherian species, comparisons were not possible. The glandular secretions may participate in food mastication and breakdown, as well as in the cleaning of certain papillae. Our results contribute to a better understanding of diverse digestive features of this species, including diet and mastication.
{"title":"Morphological and histochemical characteristics of the tongue of the hystricomorph rodent Lagostomus maximus and its comparison with other mammals","authors":"María Florencia Tano de la Hoz , Francisco Acuña , Maité Suasnabar , Mirta Alicia Flamini , Alcira Ofelia Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mammalian tongue performs several relevant functions, including food capture and its mechanical and chemical modification, swallowing, taste perception, vocalization, and also thermoregulation. Most of these functions are related to the morphology of the organ. In this work, we described for the first time the morphological, histochemical and lectin-histochemical characteristics of the tongue of the hystricomorph rodent <em>Lagostomus maximus</em> (plains viscacha). The viscacha's tongue was classified as type I and exhibited features typical of herbivorous mammals. Its histological characteristics were similar to those reported for other mammals with comparable diets, showing filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. Particularly, the number of vallate papillae varied from what has been observed in other hystricomorphs and eutherians, suggesting that this feature may be species-specific. Foliate papillae were absent. Lingual glands consists of serous acini superficially located, and mucous acini which were situated more deeply. These glandular locations also varied among different hystricomorphs. The glycosylation pattern of the acini in the viscacha's tongue resembles those reported in other species; however, since there is currently no available data related to the lectin-histochemical pattern for eutherian species, comparisons were not possible. The glandular secretions may participate in food mastication and breakdown, as well as in the cleaning of certain papillae. Our results contribute to a better understanding of diverse digestive features of this species, including diet and mastication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 64-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.004
María I. Deserti , Jeferson A. Durán-Fuentes , Maximiliano M. Maronna , André C. Morandini , Fabián H. Acuña , Sergio N. Stampar
The genus Hydra (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) comprises a group of aquatic organisms that inhabit freshwater bodies worldwide, except for Antarctica. Hydras are widely recognized for their significant regenerative capacity and simple body plan. Despite the importance of these organisms in freshwater environments and due to the abundance and diversity of freshwater bodies in the Brazilian territory, curiously, this genus and other freshwater cnidarians are understudied. To assess the diversity of hydra in Brazil, we collected specimens from eight freshwater bodies in the SE and S of the country and built a phylogeny using a COI marker and comparing the morphologies with endemic species. These analyzes have yielded encouraging results, mainly the discovery of the species Hydra sinensis originating in China, highlighting the need to expand studies in less explored areas to better understand the relationship between species represented in Brazil and those from other regions of the world. Molecular and phylogenetic inferences, as proxies for species identity are essential to advance our knowledge of the diversity and evolution of Hydra and its relationship with different freshwater ecosystems in Brazil.
{"title":"Morphological description and phylogenetic characterization of hydra (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from São Paulo state, Brazil","authors":"María I. Deserti , Jeferson A. Durán-Fuentes , Maximiliano M. Maronna , André C. Morandini , Fabián H. Acuña , Sergio N. Stampar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Hydra</em> (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) comprises a group of aquatic organisms that inhabit freshwater bodies worldwide, except for Antarctica. Hydras are widely recognized for their significant regenerative capacity and simple body plan. Despite the importance of these organisms in freshwater environments and due to the abundance and diversity of freshwater bodies in the Brazilian territory, curiously, this genus and other freshwater cnidarians are understudied. To assess the diversity of hydra in Brazil, we collected specimens from eight freshwater bodies in the SE and S of the country and built a phylogeny using a COI marker and comparing the morphologies with endemic species. These analyzes have yielded encouraging results, mainly the discovery of the species <em>Hydra sinensis</em> originating in China, highlighting the need to expand studies in less explored areas to better understand the relationship between species represented in Brazil and those from other regions of the world. Molecular and phylogenetic inferences, as proxies for species identity are essential to advance our knowledge of the diversity and evolution of <em>Hydra</em> and its relationship with different freshwater ecosystems in Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.003
Wei Fang, Yuqing Tang, Huan Zhang, Daozheng Qin
The external morphology and ultrastructure of the compound eyes of the adult Ricania speculum (Walker, 1851) are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adult compound eyes of R. speculum are of the apposition type. Each ommatidium contains a laminated corneal lens, a crystalline cone, eight retinula cells, two primary pigment cells, six secondary pigment cells and a basal lamina. Eight retinula cells (R1–R8) provide microvilli to form a central rod-like rhabdom, but only six distal retinula cells (R1–R6) appear at the distal end of the rhabdom where the retinula cells R7 and R8 are inserted between R1 and R6. Fulgoromorphan species studied so far have eight retinula cells that provide microvilli to form a rod-like rhabdom, and the presence of seven distal retinula cells and eight retinula cells in the proximal end probably represents the ground-plan of Fulgoromorpha. More comparative studies are needed to document the extent of variation in ultrastructure of the compound eyes of Fulgoromorpha and to identify characters of potential use for phylogenetic analysis of Auchenorrhyncha and further elucidate the evolution of visual systems in this group.
{"title":"External morphology and ultrastructure of the compound eyes of Ricania speculum (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Ricaniidae)","authors":"Wei Fang, Yuqing Tang, Huan Zhang, Daozheng Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The external morphology and ultrastructure of the compound eyes of the adult <em>Ricania speculum</em> (Walker, 1851) are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adult compound eyes of <em>R. speculum</em> are of the apposition type. Each ommatidium contains a laminated corneal lens, a crystalline cone, eight retinula cells, two primary pigment cells, six secondary pigment cells and a basal lamina. Eight retinula cells (R1–R8) provide microvilli to form a central rod-like rhabdom, but only six distal retinula cells (R1–R6) appear at the distal end of the rhabdom where the retinula cells R7 and R8 are inserted between R1 and R6. Fulgoromorphan species studied so far have eight retinula cells that provide microvilli to form a rod-like rhabdom, and the presence of seven distal retinula cells and eight retinula cells in the proximal end probably represents the ground-plan of Fulgoromorpha. More comparative studies are needed to document the extent of variation in ultrastructure of the compound eyes of Fulgoromorpha and to identify characters of potential use for phylogenetic analysis of Auchenorrhyncha and further elucidate the evolution of visual systems in this group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.001
Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa , Renzo Perissinotto
A year-long survey of the horsehair worms was undertaken within the broader area of the Prosecco Hills World Heritage Site, to establish their taxonomic diversity, seasonal abundance and host–parasite relations. The study was conducted during the period Oct 2022–Oct 2023 and involved direct collection of worms along with measurements of a variety of physico-chemical parameters. Four species were identified during the study using scanning electron microscopy, namely Parachordodes tolosanus, Gordius albopunctatus, G. aquaticus and Spinochordodes tellinii. The last three species were found in the Farrò Stream, which was selected as the ideal site for monthly monitoring. Tangles of worms of different size, species and even genera were found repeatedly in the natural habitat of the stream, generally in the deepest pools. G. aquaticus was by far the most abundant species and occurred year-round, while S. tellinii was restricted to the months of September and October and G. albopunctatus was found only once in August. Gordius aquaticus occurred in two forms, either as small, thin and white specimens or as larger, thicker, brown specimens. Pholidoptera griseoaptera (commonly known as “dark bush-cricket”) was the only host species that could be conclusively identified, as isolated specimens kept in water containers overnight released some G. aquaticus worms the following day. Other likely hosts were the upland green bush-cricket Tettigonia cantans, the southern saw-tailed bush-cricket Barbitistes obtusus and the brown centipede Lithobius forficatus, which were all repeatedly found freshly dead or moribund near the worms at the time of the survey. Gordius aquaticus was present in numbers during each month, except in July at the peak of summer, when the stream had a high density of amphibians, mainly tadpoles and subadults of Salamandra salamandra, Bombina variegata and Bufo bufo, as well as aquatic insects such as the Heteroptera Aquarius najas and Notonecta maculata, but also Coleoptera such as Hydraena sp. and Pomatinus substriatus. This is an interesting coincidence that should be investigated further, as it may reveal some kind of cause-and-effect relationship, either direct or indirect.
{"title":"Horsehair worms (Nematomorpha) of the Prosecco Hills UNESCO World Heritage site, Italy","authors":"Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa , Renzo Perissinotto","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A year-long survey of the horsehair worms was undertaken within the broader area of the Prosecco Hills World Heritage Site, to establish their taxonomic diversity, seasonal abundance and host–parasite relations. The study was conducted during the period Oct 2022–Oct 2023 and involved direct collection of worms along with measurements of a variety of physico-chemical parameters. Four species were identified during the study using scanning electron microscopy, namely <em>Parachordodes tolosanus</em>, <em>Gordius albopunctatus</em>, <em>G. aquaticus</em> and <em>Spinochordodes tellinii.</em> The last three species were found in the Farrò Stream, which was selected as the ideal site for monthly monitoring. Tangles of worms of different size, species and even genera were found repeatedly in the natural habitat of the stream, generally in the deepest pools. <em>G. aquaticus</em> was by far the most abundant species and occurred year-round, while <em>S. tellinii</em> was restricted to the months of September and October and <em>G. albopunctatus</em> was found only once in August. <em>Gordius aquaticus</em> occurred in two forms, either as small, thin and white specimens or as larger, thicker, brown specimens. <em>Pholidoptera griseoaptera</em> (commonly known as “dark bush-cricket”) was the only host species that could be conclusively identified, as isolated specimens kept in water containers overnight released some <em>G. aquaticus</em> worms the following day. Other likely hosts were the upland green bush-cricket <em>Tettigonia cantans</em>, the southern saw-tailed bush-cricket <em>Barbitistes obtusus</em> and the brown centipede <em>Lithobius forficatus</em>, which were all repeatedly found freshly dead or moribund near the worms at the time of the survey. <em>Gordius aquaticus</em> was present in numbers during each month, except in July at the peak of summer, when the stream had a high density of amphibians, mainly tadpoles and subadults of <em>Salamandra salamandra, Bombina variegata</em> and <em>Bufo bufo</em>, as well as aquatic insects such as the Heteroptera <em>Aquarius najas</em> and <em>Notonecta maculata</em>, but also Coleoptera such as <em>Hydraena</em> sp. and <em>Pomatinus substriatus</em>. This is an interesting coincidence that should be investigated further, as it may reveal some kind of cause-and-effect relationship, either direct or indirect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change significantly impacts species distributions and adaptability. This study investigates the evolutionary history, genetic variation, and potential distribution shifts of the Caspian bent-toed gecko (Tenuidactylus caspius) in Iran under past, present, and future climate conditions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct subclades within T. caspius, which diverged approximately 1.14 million years ago. Despite this divergence, distinct subclades were not observed in terms of notable differentiation, as the species showed low genetic diversity, with only nine haplotypes and limited nucleotide variation. Population size remained relatively constant over time, with a slight recent decline. Biogeographic analysis indicated a complex history of dispersal and vicariance events. Species distribution modeling suggests a historically wider range, with a northward expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum. The current range is reduced, and future projections (2061–2080) indicate a further decline, especially in marginal areas, with the eastern range becoming the core habitat. The low genetic diversity raises concerns about the species' adaptability to climate change. Conservation efforts should focus on protecting existing populations, particularly in the eastern range, and maintaining habitat connectivity to support gene flow. This study highlights the importance of integrating genetic and historical data for effective conservation planning in the context of climate change.
{"title":"Low genetic diversity and future challenges for the Caspian bent-toed gecko (Tenuidactylus caspius) in a changing climate","authors":"Sarina Saljooghi Mofrad , Somaye Vaissi , Maryam Azimi , Hadi Khoshnamvand , Faraham Ahmadzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change significantly impacts species distributions and adaptability. This study investigates the evolutionary history, genetic variation, and potential distribution shifts of the Caspian bent-toed gecko (<em>Tenuidactylus caspius</em>) in Iran under past, present, and future climate conditions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct subclades within <em>T. caspius</em>, which diverged approximately 1.14 million years ago. Despite this divergence, distinct subclades were not observed in terms of notable differentiation, as the species showed low genetic diversity, with only nine haplotypes and limited nucleotide variation. Population size remained relatively constant over time, with a slight recent decline. Biogeographic analysis indicated a complex history of dispersal and vicariance events. Species distribution modeling suggests a historically wider range, with a northward expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum. The current range is reduced, and future projections (2061–2080) indicate a further decline, especially in marginal areas, with the eastern range becoming the core habitat. The low genetic diversity raises concerns about the species' adaptability to climate change. Conservation efforts should focus on protecting existing populations, particularly in the eastern range, and maintaining habitat connectivity to support gene flow. This study highlights the importance of integrating genetic and historical data for effective conservation planning in the context of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"315 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.12.006
Marina V. Malyutina
The present paper provides new data of the diversity and distribution of the rare deep-sea munnopsid genus, Munnicope Menzies and George, 1972 with description of three new species from the North Pacific and an identification key to the six species of Munnicope. The distribution of this rare deep-sea genus is restricted by the Pacific Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere and between the depths of 2448–8100 m. Analysis of the morphological features of Munnicope confirmed that it does not belong to the subfamily Eurycopinae, differing in the state of a number of characters diagnostic of the subfamily. Despite the genus combines characters common for some taxa of Munnopsidae, Munnicope also cannot be related to the genus Munnopsurus or other large-sized taxa of munnopsids and, thus, still remains incertae sedis.
{"title":"New information about the rare deep-sea genus Munnicope (Crustacea, Isopoda, Munnopsidae) from the North Pacific, with description of three new species","authors":"Marina V. Malyutina","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper provides new data of the diversity and distribution of the rare deep-sea munnopsid genus, <em>Munnicope</em> Menzies and George, 1972 with description of three new species from the North Pacific and an identification key to the six species of <em>Munnicope</em>. The distribution of this rare deep-sea genus is restricted by the Pacific Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere and between the depths of 2448–8100 m. Analysis of the morphological features of <em>Munnicope</em> confirmed that it does not belong to the subfamily Eurycopinae, differing in the state of a number of characters diagnostic of the subfamily. Despite the genus combines characters common for some taxa of Munnopsidae, <em>Munnicope</em> also cannot be related to the genus <em>Munnopsurus</em> or other large-sized taxa of munnopsids and, thus, still remains <em>incertae sedis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"314 ","pages":"Pages 113-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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