Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.006
Felipe Alonso , Guillermo Enrique Terán , Gastón Aguilera , Martin Miguel Montes , Wilson Sebastián Serra Alanís , Pablo Calviño , Héctor Samuel Vera-Alcaraz , Yamila Cardoso , Stefan Koerber , Juan Marcos Mirande
The knowledge about the diversity and phylogeny of South American callichthyid armored catfishes of the subfamily Corydoradinae is still growing, after important recent contributions, and many species have uncertain relationships. In this study, we present the first combined phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus based on five genes, 83 morphological characters, and 153 species, providing synapomorphies for some of the main genera of Corydoradinae, as recently defined. The inclusion of species not previously analyzed in a phylogenetic context challenged the monophyly of Hoplisoma and required the definition of a new genus for endemic species from the Andean portion of the northwestern La Plata basin (ANWLP): Hoplisoma gladysae, Hoplisoma micracanthum, and Hoplisoma petracinii. We found Hoplisoma non monophyletic with Hoplisoma sensu stricto not sister to a clade of species herein named the ‘Hoplisoma’ paleatum clade. In this clade we recovered a new species of Hoplisoma, which is endemic to the upper Bermejo basin, as sister to ‘Hoplisoma’ paleatum from the lower La Plata basin. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a unique coloration similar to that of the syntopic H. micracanthum, suggesting a putative case of Müllerian co-mimicry.
{"title":"Integrative phylogeny of Corydoradinae (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) with an emphasis on northwestern La Plata species, including descriptions of a new genus and species","authors":"Felipe Alonso , Guillermo Enrique Terán , Gastón Aguilera , Martin Miguel Montes , Wilson Sebastián Serra Alanís , Pablo Calviño , Héctor Samuel Vera-Alcaraz , Yamila Cardoso , Stefan Koerber , Juan Marcos Mirande","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The knowledge about the diversity and phylogeny of South American callichthyid armored catfishes of the subfamily Corydoradinae is still growing, after important recent contributions, and many species have uncertain relationships. In this study, we present the first combined phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus based on five genes, 83 morphological characters, and 153 species, providing synapomorphies for some of the main genera of Corydoradinae, as recently defined. The inclusion of species not previously analyzed in a phylogenetic context challenged the monophyly of <em>Hoplisoma</em> and required the definition of a new genus for endemic species from the Andean portion of the northwestern La Plata basin (ANWLP): <em>Hoplisoma gladysae</em>, <em>Hoplisoma micracanthum</em>, and <em>Hoplisoma petracinii</em>. We found <em>Hoplisoma</em> non monophyletic with <em>Hoplisoma sensu stricto</em> not sister to a clade of species herein named the ‘<em>Hoplisoma</em>’ <em>paleatum</em> clade. In this clade we recovered a new species of <em>Hoplisoma</em>, which is endemic to the upper Bermejo basin, as sister to ‘<em>Hoplisoma</em>’ <em>paleatum</em> from the lower La Plata basin. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a unique coloration similar to that of the syntopic <em>H. micracanthum</em>, suggesting a putative case of Müllerian co-mimicry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"314 ","pages":"Pages 10-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.008
Whandenson M. Nascimento , Allysson P. Pinheiro , Alexandre O. Almeida
This study investigates the role of static allometry in modulating sexual shape dimorphism in the snapping and cutting claws of Alpheus species. We hypothesize that the static allometry in adulthood can promote an exaggeration of existing sexual dimorphism in the snapping and cutting claws of Alpheus. Sexually mature pairs from three species (Alpheus angulosus, Alpheus carlae, and Alpheus nuttingi) were analyzed using geometric morphometric techniques. The increase in size claw enhances the robustness of both snapping and cutting claws. Since males carry larger weapons compared to females, the static allometry provides more robustness in their weapons. These findings support our hypothesis. Due to the effect of static allometry, male weapons exhibit a more robust pollex, while female weapons exhibit a more robust palm in the snapping claw. Sexual shape dimorphism is less pronounced in the cutting claw, although males display larger and more robust claws compared to females. Static allometry amplifies the sexual differences in Alpheus weapons, emphasizing the role of sexual selection in the evolution of claw morphology. The results suggest that sexual selection favors larger, more robust claws in males, thus enhancing their effectiveness in agonistic contests.
{"title":"Size as a determinant of robustness: Exploring sexual dimorphism in the size and shape of the snapping and cutting claws in Alpheus (caridea: Alpheidae)","authors":"Whandenson M. Nascimento , Allysson P. Pinheiro , Alexandre O. Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of static allometry in modulating sexual shape dimorphism in the snapping and cutting claws of <em>Alpheus</em> species. We hypothesize that the static allometry in adulthood can promote an exaggeration of existing sexual dimorphism in the snapping and cutting claws of <em>Alpheus</em>. Sexually mature pairs from three species (<em>Alpheus angulosus</em>, <em>Alpheus carlae</em>, and <em>Alpheus nuttingi</em>) were analyzed using geometric morphometric techniques. The increase in size claw enhances the robustness of both snapping and cutting claws. Since males carry larger weapons compared to females, the static allometry provides more robustness in their weapons. These findings support our hypothesis. Due to the effect of static allometry, male weapons exhibit a more robust pollex, while female weapons exhibit a more robust palm in the snapping claw. Sexual shape dimorphism is less pronounced in the cutting claw, although males display larger and more robust claws compared to females. Static allometry amplifies the sexual differences in <em>Alpheus</em> weapons, emphasizing the role of sexual selection in the evolution of claw morphology. The results suggest that sexual selection favors larger, more robust claws in males, thus enhancing their effectiveness in agonistic contests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"314 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.001
Lucas Emanuel Castelli , Oscar J. Cadena-Castañeda , Yanina Mariottini , Germán Horacio Cheli
Orthoptera are insects that have been widely studied in Argentina and worldwide. However, some groups such as the suborder Ensifera, have received less attention, and their knowledge is scarce. This work reports the presence of the genus Miogryllus (Saussure) in the Chubut Province for the first time (this being the southernmost distribution of the genus), describes a new species for science, and expands the distribution of Gryllus (Gryllus) argentinus (Saussure) to this province. Although about a third of the material studied came from the biogeographic province of Patagonia, it is interesting that both Miogryllus patagonicussp. nov. like G. (G.) argentinus were exclusively found in sites belonging to the Monte desert, to the east of Chubut Province. Furthermore, all sites where M. patagonicussp. nov. was collected were characterized by the absence of sheep activity for at least 10 years or by the implementation of environmental remediation strategies. This work represents a valuable contribution to understanding the distribution pattern of the Gryllidae family in Argentine Patagonia and has the potential to enhance current conservation strategies for these fragile ecosystems, as these insects could be good indicators of environmental changes.
{"title":"Novelties on field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from Argentine Patagonia: First record of Gryllus (Gryllus) argentinus Saussure, 1874 and a new species of Miogryllus Saussure, 1877","authors":"Lucas Emanuel Castelli , Oscar J. Cadena-Castañeda , Yanina Mariottini , Germán Horacio Cheli","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orthoptera are insects that have been widely studied in Argentina and worldwide. However, some groups such as the suborder Ensifera, have received less attention, and their knowledge is scarce. This work reports the presence of the genus <em>Miogryllus</em> (Saussure) in the Chubut Province for the first time (this being the southernmost distribution of the genus), describes a new species for science, and expands the distribution of <em>Gryllus (Gryllus) argentinus</em> (Saussure) to this province. Although about a third of the material studied came from the biogeographic province of Patagonia, it is interesting that both <em>Miogryllus patagonicus</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong> like <em>G. (G.) argentinus</em> were exclusively found in sites belonging to the Monte desert, to the east of Chubut Province. Furthermore, all sites where <em>M. patagonicus</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong> was collected were characterized by the absence of sheep activity for at least 10 years or by the implementation of environmental remediation strategies. This work represents a valuable contribution to understanding the distribution pattern of the Gryllidae family in Argentine Patagonia and has the potential to enhance current conservation strategies for these fragile ecosystems, as these insects could be good indicators of environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 345-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.016
Nuria Sánchez , Marta García-Cobo , Mauricio Shimabukuro , Daniela Zeppilli , Hidetaka Nomaki , Alberto González-Casarrubios
The knowledge about the deep-sea Kinorhyncha community has increased considerably in recent years. However, the records of kinorhynchs inhabiting hadal depths are still extremely limited. In the present study, we describe a new species of Echinoderes discovered from the South Orkney Trench, Southern Ocean. Echinoderes australis sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4-8 and lateroventral ones on segments 6-9, and tubes in lateroventral position on segment 5, in lateral accessory position on segment 8, and in laterodorsal position on segment 10. Additionally, the new species has conspicuous papillary flaps on segments 8-9. Among its morphological characteristics, the increase in length of the middorsal spine of segment 8 and lateroventral spines of segment 9 in relation to those of the previous segments are striking features, showing a whip-like appearance. E. australis sp. nov. Becomes the third hadal species of the phylum. In addition, we provide morphological information on the two other species found in the trench. Finally, we study in detail the diversity and distribution patterns of the Kinorhyncha of the South Orkney Trench, addressing aspects such as species richness, abundance, number of adults versus juveniles and the effect of bathymetry on the community composition.
{"title":"Discovery of a new Kinorhyncha species from the uncharted South Orkney Trench (Southern Ocean)","authors":"Nuria Sánchez , Marta García-Cobo , Mauricio Shimabukuro , Daniela Zeppilli , Hidetaka Nomaki , Alberto González-Casarrubios","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The knowledge about the deep-sea Kinorhyncha community has increased considerably in recent years. However, the records of kinorhynchs inhabiting hadal depths are still extremely limited. In the present study, we describe a new species of <em>Echinoderes</em> discovered from the South Orkney Trench, Southern Ocean. <em>Echinoderes australis</em> sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4-8 and lateroventral ones on segments 6-9, and tubes in lateroventral position on segment 5, in lateral accessory position on segment 8, and in laterodorsal position on segment 10. Additionally, the new species has conspicuous papillary flaps on segments 8-9. Among its morphological characteristics, the increase in length of the middorsal spine of segment 8 and lateroventral spines of segment 9 in relation to those of the previous segments are striking features, showing a whip-like appearance. <em>E. australis</em> sp. nov. Becomes the third hadal species of the phylum. In addition, we provide morphological information on the two other species found in the trench. Finally, we study in detail the diversity and distribution patterns of the Kinorhyncha of the South Orkney Trench, addressing aspects such as species richness, abundance, number of adults versus juveniles and the effect of bathymetry on the community composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 315-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.002
Mariana R. Chani-Posse , Maryzender E. Rodríguez-Melgarejo
A new genus, Corisantisgen. nov., within the Andean clade (AC) of the rove-beetle subtribe Philonthina, is described and illustrated, including 14 species. This new genus comprises six valid species formerly assigned to Belonuchus Nordmann (B. candens (Erichson, 1840) and B. pulchripennis Bernhauer, 1908) and Philonthus (Ph. auripennis Bernhauer, 1916; Ph. caliensis Bernhauer, 1916; Ph. excellens Bernhauer, 1916; and Ph. whymperi Sharp, 1891), along with nine newly described species: C. ancashensissp. nov., C. bongarensissp. nov., C. cajamarcanussp. nov., C. columbiensissp. nov., C. ecuatoriensissp. nov., C. grandissp. nov., C. levissp. nov., C. magdalensissp. nov., and C. napoensissp. nov. The four species originally classified under Philonthus are reassigned to Corisantis with the following new combinations: C. auripennis (Bernhauer, 1916) comb. nov., C. caliensis (Bernhauer, 1916) comb. nov., C. excellens (Bernhauer, 1916) comb. nov., and C. whymperi (Sharp, 1891) comb. nov. Additionally, Belonuchus pulchripennis is synonymized under Belonuchus candens (=B. pulchripennissyn. nov.), which is also transferred to Corisantis as C. candens (Erichson, 1840) comb. nov. Lectotypes are designated for B. pulchripennis Bernhauer (1908), Philonthus candens Erichson (1840) and Philonthus whymperi Sharp (1891). This study provides diagnoses, redescriptions or descriptions, illustrations, a distribution map, and an identification key for the species of Corisantis. Phylogenetic analyses, employing three methodologies—Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference—consistently support the monophyly of Corisantis and confirm its sister-group relationship with Leptopeltoides Chani-Posse and Asenjo, with both genera being sister to Leptopeltus Bernhauer. Additionally, biogeographical analyses using two methodologies—BBM (Bayesian Binary MCMC) and S-DIVA (Statistical Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis)—suggest that the South American Transition Zone was the center of origin and early diversification for these three genera.
{"title":"Origin and early diversification of a high Andean rove-beetle clade: Corisantis gen. nov., phylogeny, and historical biogeography","authors":"Mariana R. Chani-Posse , Maryzender E. Rodríguez-Melgarejo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new genus, <em>Corisantis</em> <strong>gen. nov.</strong>, within the Andean clade (AC) of the rove-beetle subtribe Philonthina, is described and illustrated, including 14 species. This new genus comprises six valid species formerly assigned to <em>Belonuchus</em> Nordmann (<em>B. candens</em> (Erichson, 1840) and <em>B. pulchripennis</em> Bernhauer, 1908) and <em>Philonthus</em> (<em>Ph. auripennis</em> Bernhauer, 1916; <em>Ph. caliensis</em> Bernhauer, 1916; <em>Ph. excellens</em> Bernhauer, 1916; and <em>Ph. whymperi</em> Sharp, 1891), along with nine newly described species: <em>C. ancashensis</em> <strong>sp. nov</strong>.<em>, C. bongarensis</em> <strong>sp. nov</strong>.<em>, C. cajamarcanus</em> <strong>sp. nov</strong>.<em>, C. columbiensis</em> <strong>sp. nov</strong>.<em>, C. ecuatoriensis</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong><em>, C. grandis</em> <strong>sp. nov</strong>.<em>, C. levis</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong><em>, C. magdalensis</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong>, and <em>C. napoensis</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong> The four species originally classified under <em>Philonthus</em> are reassigned to <em>Corisantis</em> with the following new combinations: <em>C. auripennis</em> (Bernhauer, 1916) <strong>comb. nov.</strong>, <em>C. caliensis</em> (Bernhauer, 1916) <strong>comb. nov.</strong>, <em>C. excellens</em> (Bernhauer, 1916) <strong>comb. nov.</strong>, and <em>C. whymperi</em> (Sharp, 1891) <strong>comb. nov.</strong> Additionally, <em>Belonuchus pulchripennis</em> is synonymized under <em>Belonuchus candens</em> (=<em>B. pulchripennis</em> <strong>syn. nov.),</strong> which is also transferred to <em>Corisantis</em> as <em>C. candens</em> (Erichson, 1840) <strong>comb. nov</strong>. Lectotypes are designated for <em>B. pulchripennis</em> Bernhauer (1908), <em>Philonthus candens</em> Erichson (1840) and <em>Philonthus whymperi</em> Sharp (1891). This study provides diagnoses, redescriptions or descriptions, illustrations, a distribution map, and an identification key for the species of <em>Corisantis</em>. Phylogenetic analyses, employing three methodologies—Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian Inference—consistently support the monophyly of <em>Corisantis</em> and confirm its sister-group relationship with <em>Leptopeltoides</em> Chani-Posse and Asenjo, with both genera being sister to <em>Leptopeltus</em> Bernhauer. Additionally, biogeographical analyses using two methodologies—BBM (Bayesian Binary MCMC) and S-DIVA (Statistical Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis)—suggest that the South American Transition Zone was the center of origin and early diversification for these three genera.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 395-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.015
Alberto González-Casarrubios, Nuria Sánchez
The clade Scalidophora is an animal taxon composed of three distinct phyla: Kinorhyncha, Priapulida and Loricifera. These animals are currently studied by a very small but highly active number of experts, and the overall knowledge about the group remains low due to challenges in handling and describing them, as well as the relatively recent discovery of the third phyla. In this contribution, we analyse the study of Scalidophora and its constituent phyla using bibliometric tools, with the aim of understanding the state of research in the group and identifying and predicting trends in its study. Our results indicate (1) a trend towards taxonomy in Scalidophora research, likely due to the generally low knowledge of the clade; (2) a significant growth in recent years in both general scientific production and the number of species of these animals; (3) high collaboration patterns, especially among European countries and countries such as Japan and the United States; (4) a clear imbalance in productivity and knowledge between regions of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres; and (5) a substantial positive impact of the Scalidophora Workshops and the associated Special Issues on scientific production and collaborations within the group.
{"title":"Bibliometrics of Scalidophora (Animalia: Ecdysozoa): Evolution of knowledge, research topics and scientific collaborations in three distinct animal phyla","authors":"Alberto González-Casarrubios, Nuria Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The clade Scalidophora is an animal taxon composed of three distinct phyla: Kinorhyncha, Priapulida and Loricifera. These animals are currently studied by a very small but highly active number of experts, and the overall knowledge about the group remains low due to challenges in handling and describing them, as well as the relatively recent discovery of the third phyla. In this contribution, we analyse the study of Scalidophora and its constituent phyla using bibliometric tools, with the aim of understanding the state of research in the group and identifying and predicting trends in its study. Our results indicate (1) a trend towards taxonomy in Scalidophora research, likely due to the generally low knowledge of the clade; (2) a significant growth in recent years in both general scientific production and the number of species of these animals; (3) high collaboration patterns, especially among European countries and countries such as Japan and the United States; (4) a clear imbalance in productivity and knowledge between regions of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres; and (5) a substantial positive impact of the Scalidophora Workshops and the associated Special Issues on scientific production and collaborations within the group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 332-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.013
Aleksandra Zalewska , María Herranz , Marek Lubośny , Martin V. Sørensen , Katarzyna Grzelak
The Arctic, despite being profoundly affected by global climate change, remains largely understudied. Its local ecosystems and fauna are undergoing significant changes, including marine meiobenthic invertebrates, such as kinorhynchs. However, although they are an important component of the benthic meiofauna, our understanding of their communities remains relatively limited. The present study focuses on the structure and connectivity of the populations of three Echinoderes species: Echinoderes aquilonius, Echinoderes eximus and Echinoderes remanei, inhabiting the coastal area of Disko Island (Western Greenland). A hypothesis of low population diversity was tested through analyses based on both morphology and the molecular cox1 marker. For the first time the distribution and relationships between and within species were described. Phylogenetic analysis and haplotype networks reflected the results of population statistics (nucleotide and haplotype diversity, Tajima's D and Fu's Fs), revealing expected homogeneity and low diversity, without any noticeable patterns of geographical distribution. The results indicate that Arctic kinorhynchs form progressively developing and expanding communities. Additionally, the analyses revealed a taxonomically important example of intraspecific polymorphism. Presence or absence of tubes are usually considered to be species diagnostic characters, and the finding an isolated population of E. eximus-like specimens with sublateral tubes on segment 9, suggested that this could be a new, yet undescribed species. However, the genetic divergence between these specimens and other populations of E. eximus without tubes on segment 9 was so low that they all have to be considered conspecific. This is the first time molecular sequence data has provided evidence for intraspecific tube polymorphism among kinorhynchs.
北极地区尽管受到全球气候变化的深刻影响，但人们对它的研究在很大程度上仍然不足。当地的生态系统和动物群正在发生重大变化，其中包括海洋底栖无脊椎动物，如激游类。然而，尽管它们是底栖小型底栖动物的重要组成部分，我们对其群落的了解仍然相对有限。本研究主要关注三个棘皮动物种群的结构和连通性：Echinoderes aquilonius、Echinoderes eximus 和 Echinoderes remanei。通过基于形态学和分子 cox1 标记的分析，对种群多样性低的假设进行了检验。首次描述了种间和种内的分布和关系。系统发育分析和单倍型网络反映了种群统计（核苷酸和单倍型多样性、Tajima's D 和 Fu's Fs）的结果，揭示了预期的同质性和低多样性，没有任何明显的地理分布模式。研究结果表明，北极鳍鳃亚纲动物形成了逐步发展和扩大的群落。此外，分析还发现了一个在分类学上具有重要意义的种内多态性实例。管的有无通常被认为是种的诊断特征，而发现一个孤立的类似 E. eximus 的标本种群，其第 9 节上有侧下管，表明这可能是一个尚未被描述的新物种。然而，这些标本与其他在第 9 节上没有管的 E. eximus 种群之间的遗传差异非常小，因此必须将它们视为同种。这是分子序列数据首次为奇蹄目中种内管的多态性提供证据。
{"title":"To be, or not tu-be? Population structure and connectivity in three Arctic kinorhynch species: Echinoderes aquilonius, Echinoderes eximus and Echinoderes remanei","authors":"Aleksandra Zalewska , María Herranz , Marek Lubośny , Martin V. Sørensen , Katarzyna Grzelak","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic, despite being profoundly affected by global climate change, remains largely understudied. Its local ecosystems and fauna are undergoing significant changes, including marine meiobenthic invertebrates, such as kinorhynchs. However, although they are an important component of the benthic meiofauna, our understanding of their communities remains relatively limited. The present study focuses on the structure and connectivity of the populations of three <em>Echinoderes</em> species: <em>Echinoderes aquilonius</em>, <em>Echinoderes eximus</em> and <em>Echinoderes remanei</em>, inhabiting the coastal area of Disko Island (Western Greenland). A hypothesis of low population diversity was tested through analyses based on both morphology and the molecular <em>cox1</em> marker. For the first time the distribution and relationships between and within species were described. Phylogenetic analysis and haplotype networks reflected the results of population statistics (nucleotide and haplotype diversity, Tajima's <em>D</em> and Fu's <em>F<sub>s</sub></em>), revealing expected homogeneity and low diversity, without any noticeable patterns of geographical distribution. The results indicate that Arctic kinorhynchs form progressively developing and expanding communities. Additionally, the analyses revealed a taxonomically important example of intraspecific polymorphism. Presence or absence of tubes are usually considered to be species diagnostic characters, and the finding an isolated population of <em>E. eximus</em>-like specimens with sublateral tubes on segment 9, suggested that this could be a new, yet undescribed species. However, the genetic divergence between these specimens and other populations of <em>E. eximus</em> without tubes on segment 9 was so low that they all have to be considered conspecific. This is the first time molecular sequence data has provided evidence for intraspecific tube polymorphism among kinorhynchs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 289-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.017
Sher Khan Panhwar, Imtiaz Kashani
Cobia, Rachycentron canadum has long been regarded as the sole species in the family Rachycentridae, and has a wide distribution in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the Atlantic, Indian Ocean and western Pacific. This study describes two newly identified species, Rachycentron blochii sp. nov. and Rachycentron makranesis sp. nov. from Gwadar in the northern Arabian Sea. The newly discovered species differ significantly from their relatives in multiple morphological traits, such as head profile, mouth, pectoral fin, caudal fin, caudal peduncle, dorsal and anal fin bases, gill rakers, and body coloration. Additionally, species delimitation was further supported by examining body scales and otoliths (sagitta, lapillus, and asteriscus), with shapes also delimiting species. The recent finding increases the number of cobia species in the northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan. Moreover, details on the biological and ecological aspects such as feeding habits, age assessment, habitat preferences and fishery-related details are presented.
{"title":"Discovery of two new species of cobia (Pisces; Rachycentridae) inhabiting the makran coast of the northern Arabian Sea with notes on their biology and ecology","authors":"Sher Khan Panhwar, Imtiaz Kashani","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cobia, <em>Rachycentron canadum</em> has long been regarded as the sole species in the family Rachycentridae, and has a wide distribution in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the Atlantic, Indian Ocean and western Pacific. This study describes two newly identified species, <em>Rachycentron blochii</em> sp. nov. and <em>Rachycentron makranesis</em> sp. nov. from Gwadar in the northern Arabian Sea. The newly discovered species differ significantly from their relatives in multiple morphological traits, such as head profile, mouth, pectoral fin, caudal fin, caudal peduncle, dorsal and anal fin bases, gill rakers, and body coloration. Additionally, species delimitation was further supported by examining body scales and otoliths (sagitta, lapillus, and asteriscus), with shapes also delimiting species. The recent finding increases the number of cobia species in the northern Arabian Sea, Pakistan. Moreover, details on the biological and ecological aspects such as feeding habits, age assessment, habitat preferences and fishery-related details are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 298-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.003
Mikhail V. Nazarkin , Alexei M. Orlov
Eelpout genus Lycodes (Zoarcidae) is the most species-rich genus of fishes in the Arctic seas. The species composition and the actual ranges of some Arctic eelpouts are still questionable due to insufficient research efforts and often incorrect species identifications. A new material on 12 species of eelpout genus Lycodes was collected during 2019 research cruise in four seas of Siberian Arctic (western Chukchi, East Siberian, Laptev, and Kara seas). The morphological characters, variability and distribution of these species are described and discussed. Four species are discovered in new areas, i.e. Lycodes reticulatus were for the first time reported for the East Siberian Sea, Lycodes pallidus for the Chukchi Sea, Lycodes raridens for the Laptev Sea, and Lycodes rossi in the Chukchi and East Siberian seas. These records significantly extend our knowledge on the modern ranges of these species, and may testify to the expansion of Pacific species into the Arctic. Results obtained show that L. pallidus and Lycodes polaris might be the most abundant and widespread species occurred in three Siberian Arctic seas, while former species is characterized by the widest range of morphological variability. A data presented contribute to monitoring of the biodiversity of Arctic ecosystems that are transforming rapidly in the face of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure.
{"title":"Extending the knowledge of taxonomy, biodiversity, and biogeography of Arctic ichthyofauna: A case study of the most diverse genus Lycodes (Zoarcidae)","authors":"Mikhail V. Nazarkin , Alexei M. Orlov","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eelpout genus <em>Lycodes</em> (Zoarcidae) is the most species-rich genus of fishes in the Arctic seas. The species composition and the actual ranges of some Arctic eelpouts are still questionable due to insufficient research efforts and often incorrect species identifications. A new material on 12 species of eelpout genus <em>Lycodes</em> was collected during 2019 research cruise in four seas of Siberian Arctic (western Chukchi, East Siberian, Laptev, and Kara seas). The morphological characters, variability and distribution of these species are described and discussed. Four species are discovered in new areas, i.e. <em>Lycodes reticulatus</em> were for the first time reported for the East Siberian Sea, <em>Lycodes pallidus</em> for the Chukchi Sea, <em>Lycodes raridens</em> for the Laptev Sea, and <em>Lycodes rossi</em> in the Chukchi and East Siberian seas. These records significantly extend our knowledge on the modern ranges of these species, and may testify to the expansion of Pacific species into the Arctic. Results obtained show that <em>L. pallidus</em> and <em>Lycodes polaris</em> might be the most abundant and widespread species occurred in three Siberian Arctic seas, while former species is characterized by the widest range of morphological variability. A data presented contribute to monitoring of the biodiversity of Arctic ecosystems that are transforming rapidly in the face of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 355-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.018
María C. Yuvero , Maria M. Eivers , Juliana Giménez , Betina J. Lomovasky
Population density, morphometric relationships, maximum age and shell growth rate were studied in an intertidal commercial mytilid species, the blue mussel Mytilus platensis d’Orbigny, 1842, at Villa Gesell (37° 15′S; 56° 57′W), Argentina, Southwest Atlantic Ocean. The population density and mean shell length showed variation across the year, i.e., the month with the highest density (December) was mostly characterized by smaller sized individuals, representing the newly settled recruits during the austral summer months. Shell cross sections and acetate peels of M. platensis revealed an internal shell growth pattern alternating broad opaque and narrow translucent bands, corresponding to fast and slow-growing periods, respectively. Translucent bands representing external rings were formed mostly during July, coinciding with a decrease in sea water temperature (austral winter) and gonadal maturation processes. Data confirmed the annual formation of translucent bands in this species, showing a maximum age of 8 years. The generalized von Bertalanffy growth curve showed values of SL∞ = 38.46 mm, k = 0.28 yr−1 and t0 = −0.57 yr−1 (R2 = 0.80). Compared to studies of subtidal populations, lower shell growth rate in this intertidal population were observed, which may be associated with the stressful environmental conditions in this habitat, such as desiccation, exposure to waves and fluctuating sea water temperature. The characteristics described throughout the study highlight that the variability associated with intertidal environments could limit the sustainability of commercial exploitation of M. platensis in these ecosystems compared with conspecific subtidal populations.
{"title":"Biological traits of a commercial mussel species Mytilus platensis from the South Atlantic Ocean: Environmental drivers affecting on its intertidal population","authors":"María C. Yuvero , Maria M. Eivers , Juliana Giménez , Betina J. Lomovasky","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Population density, morphometric relationships, maximum age and shell growth rate were studied in an intertidal commercial mytilid species, the blue mussel <em>Mytilus platensis</em> d’Orbigny, 1842<em>,</em> at Villa Gesell (37° 15′S; 56° 57′W), Argentina, Southwest Atlantic Ocean. The population density and mean shell length showed variation across the year, i.e., the month with the highest density (December) was mostly characterized by smaller sized individuals, representing the newly settled recruits during the austral summer months. Shell cross sections and acetate peels of <em>M. platensis</em> revealed an internal shell growth pattern alternating broad opaque and narrow translucent bands, corresponding to fast and slow-growing periods, respectively. Translucent bands representing external rings were formed mostly during July, coinciding with a decrease in sea water temperature (austral winter) and gonadal maturation processes. Data confirmed the annual formation of translucent bands in this species, showing a maximum age of 8 years. The generalized von Bertalanffy growth curve showed values of SL∞ = 38.46 mm, k = 0.28 yr<sup>−1</sup> and t<sub>0</sub> = −0.57 yr<sup>−1</sup> (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.80). Compared to studies of subtidal populations, lower shell growth rate in this intertidal population were observed, which may be associated with the stressful environmental conditions in this habitat, such as desiccation, exposure to waves and fluctuating sea water temperature. The characteristics described throughout the study highlight that the variability associated with intertidal environments could limit the sustainability of commercial exploitation of <em>M. platensis</em> in these ecosystems compared with conspecific subtidal populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"313 ","pages":"Pages 306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号