Effect of starvation on physiological and survival traits of Mimachlamys varia (Linneaus, 1758)

IF 2.1 4区 地球科学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Journal of Sea Research Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.1016/j.seares.2023.102467
Laure Régnier-Brisson , Aline Blanchet-Aurigny , Philippe Cugier , Florian Breton , Jean-Dominique Gaffet , Fred Jean , Jonathan Flye-Sainte-Marie
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Abstract

In order to better understand Mimachlamys varia (Linneaus, 1758) response to nutritional stress, a controlled-condition experiment was conducted. Two scallop batches (i.e. juveniles and adults) were completely food-deprived for 3 months. Changes in mass and energy content of tissues (adductor muscle, digestive gland, rest of the soft tissues), as well as stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of the adductor muscle were monitored weekly. Both batches exhibited a 3-phase response to starvation. For adults, phase 1, was characterized by a fast loss in mass, an δ15N-enrichment, a stable calorific power, and a low mortality, corresponding to a transitional stage associated with protein-storage consumption. Phase 2 (day 28–42) exhibited a stabilization of mass and δ15N values, coinciding with a digestive gland calorific power drop and an acceleration in mortality. This corresponds to a “protein sparing” stage where highly energetic fuel such as lipids, which are stored especially in the digestive gland in pectinids, are consumed in priority. Juveniles exhibited a distinct response characterized by a significant mass loss and an increase in calorific power during the first phase (day 0–28). This body weight decrease may involve the remobilization of low-caloric biochemical compounds (e.g. proteins) using the structure as internal fuel, thus limiting somatic maintenance costs. During the second month, body mass and calorific power stabilized, indicating a “protein sparing” stage. In a third phase for both age classes, mass decreased again together with a sharp increase in mortality: essential structure was ultimately remobilized. The survival rate of juveniles was higher than that of adults during the first two months of the experiment (97% and 64%, respectively). Although the time required for starvation to deplete of half the cohort is higher for juveniles than for mature individuals, increase in mortality rate after reaching the “Point of No Return”, (e.g. the beginning of the last phase) was higher in juveniles than in adults. These results highlight the potential impacts of starvation at the population level, beyond the direct impact on individual survival. For instance, individuals may not effectively contribute to reproduction during the spawning period if exposed to a prolonged winter starvation episode. In particular, since highly energetic compounds stored in the digestive gland are often used as fuel to initiate gametogenesis in pectinids. Similarly, decrease in somatic weight in juveniles may delay their sexual maturity and hence their ability to contribute to population reproductive potential.

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饥饿对 Mimachlamys varia (Linneaus, 1758) 生理和生存特征的影响
为了更好地了解 Mimachlamys varia (Linneaus, 1758) 对营养压力的反应,我们进行了一项控制条件实验。两批扇贝(即幼贝和成贝)被完全剥夺食物 3 个月。每周监测组织(内收肌、消化腺、其他软组织)的质量和能量含量的变化,以及内收肌的稳定碳和氮同位素比值。两个批次对饥饿都表现出 3 个阶段的反应。对成体而言,第一阶段的特点是体重快速下降、δ15N富集、热量稳定和死亡率低,这与蛋白质储存消耗的过渡阶段相对应。第二阶段(第 28-42 天)质量和 δ15N 值趋于稳定,同时消化腺热量下降,死亡率加快。这与 "蛋白质稀缺 "阶段相对应,在这一阶段,高能燃料(如脂质,尤其是储存在消化腺中的果胶)被优先消耗。幼体在第一阶段(第 0-28 天)表现出明显的反应,其特点是体重显著下降,热量增加。体重的下降可能是由于低热量生化化合物(如蛋白质)被重新动员起来,利用结构作为内部燃料,从而限制了躯体维持成本。在第二个月,体重和热能趋于稳定,表明进入了 "蛋白质节省 "阶段。在第三阶段,两个年龄组的体重再次下降,死亡率急剧上升:基本结构最终被重新动用。在实验的头两个月,幼体的存活率高于成体(分别为 97% 和 64%)。虽然幼体从饥饿到一半种群死亡所需的时间比成熟个体要长,但在达到 "不归点"(即最后阶段的开始)后,幼体死亡率的上升幅度要高于成体。这些结果突显了饥饿在种群水平上的潜在影响,而不仅仅是对个体生存的直接影响。例如,在产卵期,如果个体长期处于冬季饥饿状态,可能无法有效地促进繁殖。特别是,由于消化腺中储存的高能化合物通常被用作果核虫启动配子发生的燃料。同样,幼体体重的减少可能会推迟它们的性成熟,从而推迟它们为种群繁殖潜力做出贡献的能力。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sea Research
Journal of Sea Research 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.
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