Does micro-granulated yeast probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in milk replacer affect health, growth, feed efficiency and economic gain of calves?

Abstract

The goal of calf feeding systems is to provide calves with optimum nutrition to promote growth, health, and future milk production and to reduce antibiotic use which leads to a need for alternatives that reduce illness and promote growth in dairy calves. We hypothesized that feeding live yeast would improve gastrointestinal health and growth performance of calves. The aim of this study was then to evaluate the effects of supplementing a yeast probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CNCM I-4407, 10¹⁰ CFU/g, Actisaf® Sc47 powder; Phileo by Lesaffre, France) in milk replacers (MR), on health and growth of pre-weaned calves. Forty Holstein female calves were used during this trial. Each calf was weighed at 3 days of age and then introduced in the trial. Calves were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 20/group) and were fed MR without (control; CON) or with yeast probiotic at 1 g/calf/d (experimental; EXP). Milk replacer (12.5 % solids) was offered twice a day until 66 days of age (DOA). Body Weight (BW), wither height, hip width, body length and chest girth were collected in day 3 and day 66. Compared to CON, calves supplemented with yeast probiotic had better average daily gain (ADG, 0.456 ± 0.1 vs. 0.556 ± 0.09 kg/d, p < 0.05). There was no difference (p >  0.05) in both starter and MR intake between the two groups. Feed efficiency was better (p < 0.05) in the EXP group (2.18 ± 0.53) compared to CON (2.63 ± 0.78). No statistical differences were found between groups even if the lower total morbidity (40.91 % in the CON vs. 19.05 % in EXP) and incidence of gastrointestinal disorders (36.36 % in the CON vs. 14.29 % in EXP) were observed in calves supplemented with yeast probiotic. The severity of diarrhea was numerically lower in calves supplemented with yeast probiotic. No severe cases of respiratory disorders were highlighted in the present trial. The cost/kg of gain was higher (p <  0.05) in CON compared to EXP group. Total expenses linked to feeds and veterinary treatments were higher in CON compared to EXP group. During the study, the use 1 g/d of yeast probiotic allows to save 32.86 €/calf.

It could be concluded that supplementing Actisaf® powder (Actisaf® SC 47 PWD) in MR improved health, growth performance, feed efficiency, and reduced the expenses linked to feeds and veterinary treatments.