Aircraft Observation and Simulation of the Supercooled Liquid Water Layer in a Warm Conveyor Belt over North China

IF 6.5 2区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Advances in Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1007/s00376-023-3068-8

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Abstract

This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017, using aircraft in-situ data, a Lagrangian analysis tool, and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts (WCBs). Based on the aircraft data, we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1–2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content (LWC) exceeding 0.5 g kg⁻¹ during the vertical aircraft observation. Although the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes, the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics schemes. The conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations, both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water layer. However, the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds, in terms of LWC and IWC, was not apparent in HUJI fast bin scheme. To reduce such uncertainty, future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.

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飞机观测和模拟华北上空暖传送带上的过冷液态水层

摘要本文研究了2017年2月21日华北上空的一次降雪事件，利用飞机原位资料、拉格朗日分析工具和不同微物理方案的WRF模拟研究了暖传送带（WCB）的过冷层。根据飞机数据，我们发现了 WCB 云层内的精细垂直结构，并在飞机垂直观测过程中突出显示了 1-2 公里薄的过冷液态水层，其最大液态水含量（LWC）超过 0.5 g kg-1。虽然两种建模方案都基本捕捉到了热力学剖面的主要特征，但微观物理量在不同的微观物理方案下表现出很大的差异。传统的莫里森双瞬方案在热力学结构和过冷液态水层方面都与现场观测结果非常吻合。然而，在 "HUJI "快速分区方案中，WCB 云的微物理结构（LWC 和 IWC）并不明显。为了减少这种不确定性，未来的工作可能会侧重于利用原位数据改进分仓方案中的微物理结构，并对所有方案使用类似的假设，以隔离物理结构的影响。

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来源期刊

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 地学-气象与大气科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

5.20%

发文量

154

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, launched in 1984, aims to rapidly publish original scientific papers on the dynamics, physics and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean. It covers the latest achievements and developments in the atmospheric sciences, including marine meteorology and meteorology-associated geophysics, as well as the theoretical and practical aspects of these disciplines. Papers on weather systems, numerical weather prediction, climate dynamics and variability, satellite meteorology, remote sensing, air chemistry and the boundary layer, clouds and weather modification, can be found in the journal. Papers describing the application of new mathematics or new instruments are also collected here.