Gut microbiota reshapes cancer immunotherapy efficacy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

IF 23.7 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY iMeta Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1002/imt2.156

Jindong Xie, Manqing Liu, Xinpei Deng, Yuhui Tang, Shaoquan Zheng, Xueqi Ou, Hailin Tang, Xiaoming Xie, Minqing Wu, Yutian Zou

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Abstract

Gut microbiota is essential for maintaining local and systemic immune homeostasis in the presence of bacterial challenges. It has been demonstrated that microbiota play contrasting roles in cancer development as well as anticancer immunity. Cancer immunotherapy, a novel anticancer therapy that relies on the stimulation of host immunity, has suffered from a low responding rate and incidence of severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Previous studies have demonstrated that the diversity and composition of gut microbiota were associated with the heterogeneity of therapeutic effects. Therefore, alteration in microbiota taxa can lead to improved clinical outcomes in immunotherapy. In this review, we determine whether microbiota composition or microbiota-derived metabolites are linked to responses to immunotherapy and irAEs. Moreover, we discuss various approaches to improve immunotherapy efficacy or reduce toxicities by modulating microbiota composition.

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肠道微生物群重塑癌症免疫疗法疗效：机制与治疗策略

面对细菌挑战，肠道微生物群对维持局部和全身免疫平衡至关重要。研究表明，微生物群在癌症发展和抗癌免疫中发挥着截然不同的作用。癌症免疫疗法是一种依赖于刺激宿主免疫的新型抗癌疗法，但其反应率低，且存在严重的免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）。以往的研究表明，肠道微生物群的多样性和组成与治疗效果的异质性有关。因此，改变微生物群分类群可改善免疫疗法的临床效果。在这篇综述中，我们将确定微生物群组成或微生物群衍生代谢物是否与免疫疗法反应和irAEs有关。此外，我们还讨论了通过调节微生物群组成来提高免疫疗法疗效或减轻毒性的各种方法。

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iMeta

CiteScore

10.80

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0.00%

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