Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil using Heterogeneous CaO/Zn Catalyst: Yield and Reusability Performance

IF 0.6 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Chiang Mai Journal of Science Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI:10.12982/cmjs.2023.070
N. A. Ali, Nozieana Khairuddin
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Abstract

Biodiesel is a r enewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic fuel derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking oils. Biodiesel can be used as a direct replacement for diesel in diesel engines with minimal or no modification, and it has several advantages over conventional diesel. Eggshells, on the other hand, are composed mainly of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a valuable resource for various industrial and agricultural applications. Improper disposal of eggshells can cause environmental pollution and discarding of eggshells in landfills takes up valuable space and emits potent greenhouse gases such as methane. The current study focuses on biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO) using heterogeneous catalysts from eggshells impregnated with Zinc (Zn) metal. The transesterification process can produce biodiesel using WCO in the presence of a catalyst. The free fatty acid (FFA) of WCO is 0.45 mg KOH/g lower, enabling the transesterification process. The CaCO3 present in the eggshell will be converted into calcium oxide (CaO) after calcination. SEM analysis showed the catalyst’s morphology (CaO and CaO/Zn) changes after undergoing calcination and zinc impregnation processes. In this study, eggshells were utilized as a potential solid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis through transesterification. The reusability of the catalyst was also investigated. The reused catalyst produced an average yield of 65%.
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利用 CaO/Zn 异构催化剂从废弃烹调油中生产生物柴油:产量和再利用性能
生物柴油是一种从植物油、动物脂肪或回收烹饪油中提取的可再生、可生物降解且无毒的燃料。在柴油发动机中,生物柴油可作为柴油的直接替代品使用,只需极少改动或无需改动,与传统柴油相比,生物柴油具有多项优点。另一方面,蛋壳的主要成分是碳酸钙(CaCO3),这是一种可用于各种工业和农业用途的宝贵资源。蛋壳处理不当会造成环境污染,将蛋壳丢弃在垃圾填埋场不仅会占用宝贵的空间,还会排放甲烷等有害温室气体。本研究的重点是利用浸渍了金属锌(Zn)的蛋壳作为异相催化剂,从废弃食用油(WCO)中生产生物柴油。在催化剂存在的情况下,酯交换过程可以利用 WCO 生产生物柴油。WCO 的游离脂肪酸(FFA)低于 0.45 毫克 KOH/克,使酯交换过程成为可能。蛋壳中的 CaCO3 在煅烧后会转化为氧化钙(CaO)。SEM 分析表明,催化剂在经过煅烧和锌浸渍过程后,其形态(CaO 和 CaO/Zn)发生了变化。本研究利用蛋壳作为一种潜在的固体催化剂,通过酯交换反应合成生物柴油。研究还考察了催化剂的可重复使用性。重复使用的催化剂平均产率为 65%。
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来源期刊
Chiang Mai Journal of Science
Chiang Mai Journal of Science MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
25.00%
发文量
103
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Chiang Mai Journal of Science is an international English language peer-reviewed journal which is published in open access electronic format 6 times a year in January, March, May, July, September and November by the Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University. Manuscripts in most areas of science are welcomed except in areas such as agriculture, engineering and medical science which are outside the scope of the Journal. Currently, we focus on manuscripts in biology, chemistry, physics, materials science and environmental science. Papers in mathematics statistics and computer science are also included but should be of an applied nature rather than purely theoretical. Manuscripts describing experiments on humans or animals are required to provide proof that all experiments have been carried out according to the ethical regulations of the respective institutional and/or governmental authorities and this should be clearly stated in the manuscript itself. The Editor reserves the right to reject manuscripts that fail to do so.
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