Proximate Composition and Nutritional Potential of Saba Senegalensis Fruit from Three Climatic Regions in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Non-timber forest products such as lianas provide essential nutrients for human health and should be exploited in Burkina Faso. In order to better valorization, this study aimed to investigate the nutritional potential of Saba senegalensis fruit. The samples of fruit were obtained from three climatic regions then biochemical composition and nutritional content of it pulp were analyzed according to standard methods. The results showed that pulps were acidic with pH varying from 2.85±0.12 to 3.16±0.70 and titratable acidity 4.52±0.20% to 4.89±0.40%. Brix degree, moisture content, and ash were ranged respectively from 20.11±1.50% to 23.50±1.10%, 84.50±3.15% to 86.50±4.25%, 4.44±0.30 g/kg to 5.85±0.40 g/kg. Macronutrients contents were 3.89±0.10 to 3.89±0.10 g/kg, 4.65±0.70 to 7.78±0.50 g/kg, 19.44±1.80 to 23.80±1.40 g/kg, 146.40±11.25 to 155.70±14.50 g/kg respectively for lipids, proteins, total fibers and total carbohydrates. Vitamines rates of pulps were respectively 15.50 ± 1.91 to 17.14 ± 1.90 mg/kg, 0.25 ± 0.05 to 0.55 ± 0.08 mg/kg, and 22.6 ± 2.30 to 27.8 ± 2.90 mg/kg for vitamins B6, A and C. Pulp contain of phytonutrient and anti-nutritional factors were 105.18 ± 10.14 to 132.80 ± 15.00 mg/100g and 19.17 ± 1.16 to 39.60 ± 1.10 mg/100g for total polyphenols and flavonoids and yet ranged 105.25 ±5.15 to 121.80 ±2.20 mg/100g, 78.51 ±0.13 to 80.30 ±1.50 mg/100g, and 20.57 ±3.50 to 26.49 ±1.30 mg/100g respectively for phytates, tannins and oxalates. The mineral composition exhibited higher Mg, Ca, and P content as presented in the results. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed specific variation on nutritional composition of pulp according to climatic zone. The study demonstrates that S. senegalensis is good nutritional source and could contribute to food security.