A Novel Incentive Routing Protocol with Virtual Projection for Mobile Packet Forwarding Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

The size of the Packet Forwarding Nodes (PFNs) is becoming very small as the technology advances in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The node has an additional parameter with low energy levels. The PFNs are distributed in a square cross-sectional area with each node acting as a Sensing Point (SP) that can be used for various kinds of applications like temperature, atmospheric humidity, acoustic, and pressure measurements. The packet is divided into several fragments where each fragment is considered as fixed or variable length. Each of these packets is sent over multiple PFNs toward the data center using PFNs. The selection of PFNs in the path is picked based on the trust level. In the network even special PFNs are placed which are responsible to deliver the packets toward the data center without losing the data during the transmission. The selection of special PFNs is done by computing the meeting probability, remaining energy computation, computation of data weight, and security value computation. The proposed Incentive Routing Protocol with Virtual Projection (IRPVP) method is compared with the conventional approaches concerning the parameters like delay, link count, resource energy, healthy PFNs, non-healthy PFNs, health ratio computation, remaining energy, control to data ratio, and balancing factor. The simulation outcomes show that the performance of the proposed IRPVP algorithm is better than the other conventional algorithms.