Analytical studies of the functioning of ventilation with local cooling in public buildings

Abstract

Today, the creation of optimal microclimatic conditions is mandatory for the vast majority of premises in public buildings. The main problem in the cooling period of the year is the minimization of energy consumption. Traditional systems with recirculation require the return of exhaust air to the ventilation unit, which is obviously accompanied by additional energy costs for its movement. In addition, this enlarges air handling units, airducts and other equipment. This problem is not present in ventilation systems with local cooling. They consist of a ventilation system that provides a minimum flow of outdoor air and local closers that take air from the upper or middle zone, cool it and supply it to the room. The work considers the principles of analytical description of processes in a room with the simultaneous operation of ventilation and local cooling. A calculation algorithm and a software based on it have been created. The basis of the analytical description is the simplification that the supply air and the air after the closers are first mixed, and then the mixture participates in the assimilation of excess heat and moisture in the room. The influence of various factors on the productivity and cold performance of the guides is analyzed. It is shown that for maximum energy efficiency with minimum costs, it is necessary to perform the calculation, and not to use aggregated indicators. It is shown that the performance of the closers can exceed the consumption of outside air. The closers return the exhausted air to the working area, which leads to an increase in the carbon dioxide content in it and the possibility of the return of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses to it. It is shown how both problems are solved by a biotechnological measure - remedial phytodesign. The recommended assortment of plants is given.