Physically active primary care physicians consult more on physical activity and exercise for patients: A public teaching-hospital study

Abstract

Physical activity and exercise (PAE) improve quality of life and reduce the effects of chronic diseases. Primary care physicians (PCPs) play an important role to encourage PAE in patients. We aim to assess PCPs' current PAE consultation practices and their enablers/barriers in daily clinical practice. We had 64 PCPs (age [35.3 ​± ​4.7] y, 47 women) that completed self-administered questionnaires on PAE consultation practices, training, and confidence levels. PCPs (n ​= ​42) also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form to assess their physical activity (PA) levels. We conducted correlation, one-way analysis of variance and a linear regression to assess the associations between enablers, barriers and PA levels to PAE consultation practices. On average, PCPs consulted on PAE in 49.7% of their daily clinical appointments. Majority of PCPs (70%) strongly agreed that more PAE knowledge were needed to increase consultation practices. Top three barriers related (p ​< ​0.001) to practices were lack of PAE education (r ​= ​0.47), patients’ preference of pharmaceutical interventions (r ​= ​0.45) and lack of continuing education in PAE for PCPs (r ​= ​0.37). Physically active PCPs (health-enhancing PA levels, n ​= ​6) gave significantly more daily consultations in PAE, 73.2% ​± ​21.9%, compared to inactive PCPs (n ​= ​13), 37.4% ​± ​22.8% (p ​= ​0.013). In our regression output, PCPs who had higher PA levels consulted more on PAE daily (R² ​= ​0.38, p ​< ​0.001) while controlling for age. Conclusion, PCPs require more knowledge on PAE and need be physically active themselves to increase PAE consultation for patients in their daily practice. Medical education should consider including more PA and exercise topics that may benefit both physicians and their patients.