Vitamin D & E Supplemental Therapy could reduce Insulin resistance and control PCOS-specific Inflammatory and Oxidative Stresses

Abstract

Objectives: Evaluation of the effect of 8-wk supplemental therapy (ST) with vitamin D (VD), vitamin E (VE) and calcium on clinical and laboratory findings of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Patients & Methods: 67 PCOS women fulfilling at least two of the Rotterdam criteria were evaluated clinically and by ultrasonography and gave blood sample for estimation of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c & HDL-c), insulin, total testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and ELISA estimation of VD, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA). All patients received 8-wk ST consisted of daily dose of VD and VE and calcium citrate twice daily, and re-evaluated thereafter (T2). Study outcome was the extent of change in clinical, US and laboratory data obtained at T2 in relation to T1 data. Results: At T1, all studied PCOS women had vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and high serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-c, testosterone, DHEA-S, insulin, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β, but had low levels of HDL-c and SOD. At T2, all parameters were improved. Spearman's correlation showed negative significant correlations between the extent of change in serum 25OH-VD level and changes of clinical and other laboratory finings and a positive significant correlation with SOD activity level. Regression analysis defined decreases of HOMA-IR score, IL-β and serum TG as the significant predictor for decreased ovarian diameter, while decreases in serum levels of cholesterol, MDA, IL-1β were defined as the predictors for decreased serum testosterone and provision of ST was the significant predictor for increased activity levels of SOD. Conclusion: PCOS is associated with disturbed immune and redox statuses in conjunction with metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Supplemental therapy with VD, VE and Calcium significantly improved these disturbances with minimal effect on body mass index.