Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases as Extra Esophageal Manifestations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Current State of the Problem

E. Valitova, G.E. Baimakanova, M. V. Chebotareva, O. Berezina, D. S. Bordin
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Abstract

Bronchial asthma, chronic cough, laryngitis, erosion of tooth enamel are attributed to extra esophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This form of GERD is characterized by the difficulty of establishing the diagnosis and high frequency of ineffective therapy. The article describes the main endoscopic signs of damage to the esophagus and larynx, presents normal pH-impedance reflux monitoring and criteria for pathological reflux into the esophagus and the lower third of the pharynx, as well as the possibilities of additional diagnostic methods – esophageal manometry and pepsin test. Treatment of patients with extra esophageal manifestations of GERD is a difficult task; the results of randomized placebo-controlled studies are contradictory. At the same time, empirical therapy is most effective in patients whose extra esophageal symptoms are combined with typical ones
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作为胃食管反流病食管外表现的上呼吸道疾病:问题的现状
支气管哮喘、慢性咳嗽、咽喉炎、牙釉质侵蚀都是胃食管反流病(GERD)的食管外表现。这种胃食管反流病的特点是难以确诊,治疗无效的频率很高。文章描述了食管和喉部受损的主要内窥镜征象,介绍了正常的 pH 值阻抗反流监测和食管及咽部下三分之一处病理性反流的标准,以及其他诊断方法--食管测压和胃蛋白酶试验--的可能性。治疗有食管外表现的胃食管反流病患者是一项艰巨的任务;随机安慰剂对照研究的结果相互矛盾。同时,经验疗法对食管外症状与典型症状并存的患者最为有效。
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