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Regression of Rhinophyma on the Background of Photodynamic Therapy of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin of the Tip of the Nose 鼻尖皮肤基底细胞癌光动力疗法背景下鼻赘瘤的消退
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2024-20-1-84-88
R.A. Ravodin, L.S. Kruglova, S.P. Seleznev
The article describes a case of regression of rhinophyma against the background of photodynamic therapy of basal cell carcinoma of the skin of the nose tip. After a single session of photodynamic therapy using a systemic photosensitizer based on chloride (photoran), there was a significant decrease in the size of the nose (rhinophyma), the disappearance of erythema, puffiness, and the formation of the initial contours of the face of this anatomical area. Despite the marginal recurrence of basal cell carcinoma after six months at the site of previous treatment and a repeat session of photodynamic therapy, after one year of dynamic follow-up, remission of basal cell carcinoma and regression of rhinophyma persist. The described method of treatment is atraumatic, easily reproducible, well tolerated by patients, safe and allows patients with basal cell carcinoma in combination with rhinophyma to achieve complete remission of both diseases.
文章描述了一例在对鼻尖皮肤基底细胞癌进行光动力治疗的背景下鼻赘瘤消退的病例。使用基于氯化物的全身光敏剂(photoran)进行单次光动力治疗后,鼻头(鼻赘)明显缩小,红斑、浮肿消失,这一解剖区域的面部轮廓初步形成。尽管 6 个月后基底细胞癌在之前治疗过的部位复发,并再次进行光动力治疗,但经过一年的动态跟踪,基底细胞癌的缓解和鼻赘瘤的消退依然存在。所述治疗方法无创伤、易重复、患者耐受性好、安全,可使合并鼻赘瘤的基底细胞癌患者两种疾病都得到完全缓解。
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引用次数: 0
Modern Ideas About Diffuse Alopecia 关于弥漫性脱发的现代理念
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2024-20-1-78-80
A.R. Ereshko
This article presents modern ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of diffuse alopecia. The classification, possible etiological factors, and links of pathogenesis are analyzed in detail. All possible approaches to the reatment of diffuse alopecia are described, including external therapy and physiotherapy techniques.
本文介绍了有关弥漫性脱发的病因和发病机制的现代观点。文章详细分析了弥漫性脱发的分类、可能的致病因素和发病环节。文章介绍了治疗弥漫性脱发的所有可能方法,包括外部治疗和物理治疗技术。
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引用次数: 0
Modern Approaches to the Treatment of Periorbital Veins 治疗眶周静脉的现代方法
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2024-20-1-82-83
A.S. Popova
This article presents modern approaches to the treatment of periorbital veins. The current methods of periorbital vein removal, such as sclerotherapy, phlebectomy, and laser removal, are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned techniques and therapeutic advantages are described.
本文介绍了治疗眶周静脉的现代方法。介绍了目前切除眶周静脉的方法,如硬化疗法、静脉切除术和激光切除术。介绍了上述技术的优缺点和治疗优势。
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引用次数: 0
The Prospect of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Onychomycosis 光动力疗法治疗肥厚型甲癣的前景
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2024-20-1-72-76
S.I. Surkichin, L.S. Kruglova, R.Yu. Mayorov
Onychomycosis is an infectious disease of the nail apparatus caused by pathogenic fungi (dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes and yeasts), clinically manifested most often by onycholysis of the nail plate, its thickening and subungual hyperkeratosis with significant physical, aesthetic and psychosocial consequences. When the prescription of systemic antimycotics is impossible or undesirable, the dermatovenerologist comes to the aid of hardware methods of influencing the affected tissue. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a worthy, non-invasive, safe method that will significantly reduce treatment time and reduce the number of relapses. However, it is advisable to use PDT only as part of a therapeutic complex.
甲癣是一种由致病真菌(皮真菌、非皮真菌和酵母菌)引起的指甲感染性疾病,临床表现为甲板脱落、增厚和甲下角化过度,对身体、美观和社会心理造成严重影响。当无法或不希望使用全身性抗霉菌药物时,皮肤变性学家就会借助硬件方法来影响受影响的组织。光动力疗法(PDT)是一种有效、非侵入性、安全的方法,能显著缩短治疗时间,减少复发次数。不过,光动力疗法最好只作为综合疗法的一部分使用。
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引用次数: 0
Artificial Intelligence as a Tool for Population Screening of Skin Tumors 人工智能作为皮肤肿瘤人群筛查的工具
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2024-20-1-62-71
K.A. Uskova, O.E. Garanina, A.O. Ukharov, I.A. Klemenova, S.V. Gamayunov, A.M. Mironycheva, V.I. Dardyk, A.V. Burdakov, I.L. Shlivko, Ya.L. Stepanova, V.A. Sayfullina, S.S. Korotkiy
BCC/SCC and melanoma are the most common types of skin cancer. Low public awareness, unavailability of local professional dermatological expertise, and ineffective screening programs prevent early detection critical for successful treatment. Aim. Evaluate capabilities of AI-powered mobile application for population screening. Materials and methods. We proposed a free mobile application for regular skin self-examination based on AI analysis of photos taken using a smartphone enriched with demographic data and risk factors. Our model provides a binary output (malignant/benign), encouraging people to see dermatologists for an in-depth examination if a risk of a malignant skin tumor is detected. Results. We received and processed 500,000+ images of skin neoplasms taken by 290,000 users from 86 regions of the Russian Federation from 01.2021 to 12.2022. The images were accompanied by demographic data and responses to a questionnaire on cancer risk factors. 5,957 cases of BCC/SCC and 7,622 cases of melanoma were detected. Analysis of the campaign results revealed a significantly higher prevalence of malignant skin tumors per 100,000 population. Our results exposed a much younger average age of skin cancer patients in both men and women populations compared to official statistics, with a difference of 15 years. Conclusion. The AI-based mobile application proved to be a feasible vehicle for skin cancer mass screening campaigns requiring no significant investment from the public health authorities. The proposed tool provides an efficient way to increase public awareness about skin cancer and associated risk factors as well as encourages people to seek dermatologists’ help in case of skin cancer risk.
BCC/SCC 和黑色素瘤是最常见的皮肤癌类型。公众意识薄弱、当地缺乏专业的皮肤病专家以及筛查计划效果不佳,都阻碍了对成功治疗至关重要的早期发现。目标评估人工智能移动应用在人群筛查方面的能力。材料与方法。我们提出了一款免费的移动应用程序,用于定期进行皮肤自我检查,该应用程序基于对使用智能手机拍摄的照片进行的人工智能分析,并加入了人口统计学数据和风险因素。我们的模型提供二进制输出(恶性/良性),鼓励人们在检测到恶性皮肤肿瘤风险时去看皮肤科医生进行深入检查。结果从 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 12 月 12 日,我们收到并处理了来自俄罗斯联邦 86 个地区 29 万用户拍摄的 50 万多张皮肤肿瘤图片。这些图像附有人口统计学数据和对癌症风险因素问卷的答复。共发现 5957 例 BCC/SCC 和 7622 例黑色素瘤。对活动结果的分析表明,每 10 万人中恶性皮肤肿瘤的发病率明显较高。我们的结果显示,与官方统计数据相比,男性和女性皮肤癌患者的平均年龄要小得多,相差 15 岁。结论事实证明,基于人工智能的移动应用程序是开展皮肤癌大规模筛查活动的可行工具,无需公共卫生部门投入大量资金。拟议的工具为提高公众对皮肤癌及相关风险因素的认识提供了有效途径,并鼓励人们在出现皮肤癌风险时寻求皮肤科医生的帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents and COVID-19: Etiology and Pathogenesis 青少年异常子宫出血与 COVID-19:病因和发病机制
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-37-58-64
A.Yu. Kurmangaleeva, Ye.V. Sibirskaya, S. Korotkova, G. Osipova
The analysis of scientific papers published in eLibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar for 2020–2023 is carried out. The clinical recommendations ‘Abnormal uterine bleeding in puberty’, methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation ‘Features of clinical manifestations and treatment of the disease caused by a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in children’ and temporary methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation ‘Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)’ were analyzed. There is a clear link between the increase in the number of hospitalized girls of early reproductive age with abnormal uterine bleeding of the puberty period (AUB PP) and the transferred COVID-19. In order to improve, predict and optimize the tactics of management and treatment of girls with AUB PP and coronavirus infection, the impact of COVID-19, the features of their etiology and pathogenesis were analyzed. Given the high degree of chronic course and the tendency to relapse, it is necessary to develop a methodology to assess the likelihood of a repeat case of AUB PP, including based on the pathogenetic features of the impact of COVID-19 on the menstrual cycle
对 2020-2023 年在电子图书馆、PubMed、Google Scholar 上发表的科学论文进行了分析。分析了 "青春期异常子宫出血 "临床建议、俄罗斯联邦卫生部 "新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)所致儿童疾病的临床表现和治疗特点 "方法学建议和俄罗斯联邦卫生部 "新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)的预防、诊断和治疗 "临时方法学建议。因青春期异常子宫出血(AUB PP)而住院的育龄期少女人数的增加与转入的 COVID-19 病毒之间存在着明显的联系。为了改进、预测和优化青春期异常子宫出血和冠状病毒感染女孩的管理和治疗策略,分析了 COVID-19 的影响、病因和发病机制的特点。考虑到 AUB PP 的高度慢性病程和复发倾向,有必要制定一种方法来评估 AUB PP 复发的可能性,包括根据 COVID-19 对月经周期影响的病理特征进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical and Pathogenetic Aspects of Thoracic Endometriosis 胸腔子宫内膜异位症的临床和病理方面
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-37-12-18
V.F. Bezhenar, V.A. Linde, N.Yu. Krylova, Ye.A. Ivanova, A. Pichurov, B. V. Arakelyan, A.N. Plekhanov, A.Yu. Lyogonkaya
Thoracic endometriosis is a rare pathology that significantly affects the quality of life of women. The pathogenesis of endometriosis continues to be intensively studied. One of the latest achievements in its study is the identification of oxidative stress as an active link in the development of a pathological condition. The nitric oxide molecule is a free radical and, as a result, an important component of oxidative processes. Violation of its metabolism makes a significant contribution to the occurrence of oxidative stress. The NOS3 endothelial synthase gene controls nitric oxide metabolism. We have studied the polymorphism of the NOS3 endothelial synthase gene at points 786 T/C and 894 G/T. The data obtained indicate the active participation of the NOS3 endothelial synthase gene at points 786 T/C and 894 G/T in the pathogenesis of various forms of endometriosis. The difficulties of diagnosing and treating this disease at the present stage are not least due to the fact that the problem of thoracic endometriosis is at the junction of the specialties of obstetrics-gynecology and thoracic surgery, which in other situations practically do not intersect. Our observations make it possible to consider thoracic endometriosis as a pathological process that is not associated with fertility and parity of patients. At the same time, thoracic endometriosis is most likely associated with genital endometriosis, which has a negative impact on fertility. The most common complaints of patients with thoracic endometriosis are pain and discomfort in the chest area associated with menstruation and dry cough. Histological verification of the disease is difficult. A promising method for preventing exacerbations of the disease is the combined prescription of аGnRG and dienogest.
胸部子宫内膜异位症是一种罕见的病变,严重影响妇女的生活质量。人们一直在深入研究子宫内膜异位症的发病机理。研究的最新成果之一是确定了氧化应激是病变发展过程中的一个活跃环节。一氧化氮分子是一种自由基,因此也是氧化过程的重要组成部分。一氧化氮新陈代谢失调是导致氧化应激发生的重要原因。NOS3 内皮合成酶基因控制着一氧化氮的代谢。我们研究了 NOS3 内皮合成酶基因在 786 T/C 和 894 G/T 点的多态性。所得数据表明,NOS3 内皮合成酶基因 786 T/C 和 894 G/T 点积极参与各种子宫内膜异位症的发病机制。现阶段诊断和治疗这种疾病之所以困难重重,主要是因为胸部子宫内膜异位症是妇产科和胸外科的交叉学科,而这两个学科在其他情况下实际上并无交集。根据我们的观察,可以认为胸部子宫内膜异位症是一种病理过程,与患者的生育能力和奇偶性无关。同时,胸部子宫内膜异位症很可能与生殖器子宫内膜异位症有关,而生殖器子宫内膜异位症对生育有负面影响。胸部子宫内膜异位症患者最常见的主诉是与月经和干咳有关的胸部疼痛和不适。这种疾病很难通过组织学验证。预防病情恶化的一种有效方法是联合使用 аGnRG 和地诺孕酮。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Placental Proteins in the Development of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women with Metabolic Disorders 胎盘蛋白在代谢紊乱孕妇子痫前期发病中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-37-20-24
S. Tsakhilova, Y. Stepanova, Ye.S. Lyashko, N. Sakvarelidze, N.V. Niyazova, S.D. Osmanova, D.A. Kazaryan
Preeclampsia refers to multifactorial diseases that lead to multiple organ disorders. The disorders are based on dysfunctions of both maternal and placental vessels. At the present stage, the study of the state of the fetoplacental hemostasis system in physiological and pathological pregnancy remains relevant. Complications of gestation develop due to metabolic disorders in the placenta. Specific placental proteins play an important role in the function of the fetoplacental complex
子痫前期指的是导致多器官功能紊乱的多因素疾病。这些疾病是基于母体和胎盘血管的功能障碍。现阶段,对生理和病理妊娠中胎盘止血系统状态的研究仍然具有现实意义。妊娠并发症的发生是由于胎盘代谢紊乱造成的。特定的胎盘蛋白在胎盘复合体的功能中发挥着重要作用
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引用次数: 0
Modern View on the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Primary Dysmenorrhea 原发性痛经病因和发病机制的现代观点
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-37-54-57
Ye.V. Sibirskaya, M.A. Filatova, K.S. Rashoyan
The article discusses the causes of dysmenorrhea, analyzes risk factors and their impact on the pathogenesis of the disease.
文章讨论了痛经的原因,分析了风险因素及其对疾病发病机制的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents 青少年多囊卵巢综合症的诊断和治疗
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-37-28-31
Ye.V. Sibirskaya, Ye.A. Volkova, V.V. x Bdoyan, Ye.D. Burkhanskaya, L.G. Papyan
The article analyzes the issues related to the timely detection, treatment and prevention of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), determining the optimal management tactics of patients, assessing the acceptability of the use of classical criteria for PCOS among adolescents. The search and evaluation of international and Russian scientific publications over the past five years – from 2017 to 2022 was carried out. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Google Academy databases were used for the search. Based on systematic reviews, the generally accepted criteria for PCOS in relation to adolescents are analyzed. It is shown that the diagnosis of PCOS in childhood and adulthood differs in many ways. Validated diagnostic criteria for the disease in adolescents have not yet been developed, and the available parameters only allow us to suspect the formation of PCOS and formulate criteria for patients ‘at risk of developing PCOS’
文章分析了与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的及时发现、治疗和预防有关的问题,确定了患者的最佳管理策略,评估了在青少年中使用多囊卵巢综合征经典标准的可接受性。研究人员对过去五年(2017 年至 2022 年)的国际和俄罗斯科学出版物进行了检索和评估。检索使用了 Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase 和 Google Academy 数据库。在系统回顾的基础上,分析了与青少年有关的多囊卵巢综合症的公认标准。结果表明,儿童期和成年期多囊卵巢综合症的诊断在许多方面存在差异。青少年疾病的有效诊断标准尚未制定,现有的参数只能让我们怀疑多囊卵巢综合症的形成,并为 "有可能患上多囊卵巢综合症 "的患者制定标准。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Effective Pharmacotherapy
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