I.Altynsarin in the Context of the Teachings of the Kazakh Enlightenment

Abstract

The article discusses the features of the formation and development of the Kazakh enlightenment, within the framework of which an analysis of the spiritual heritage of I. Altynsarin is given. I. Altynsarin is positioned as a bright representative of the Kazakh educational teachings. It is shown that the teachings of enlightenment contain both elements of the experience of the ideological and theoretical development of mankind, as well as specific features of national self-consciousness. It is noted that it is possible to determine the essence and features of the spiritual creativity of I. Altynsarin, considering it only in the context of education in general. Using new methodological principles for the analysis of Kazakh education, such as an integrated approach to the topic, systemic and problematic consideration and comparative historical analysis, the author shows the commonality of social, ethical and philosophical issues considered by I. Altynsarin with the educational teachings of other countries. These are questions of man and humanism, the popularization of reason, and social progress. In addition, the features of I. Altynsarin’s education were revealed. Obviously, the best ideas of other peoples, perceived by Kazakh thinkers, cannot be an exact copy of the latter, they will inevitably change in accordance with the specifics of the era, socio-economic relations, and national culture. In conclusion, it is shown that the spiritual heritage of I. Altynsarin is instructive and relevant for our time.