Cluster of differentiation 44 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 markers: A prospective study and insight to their role in bladder cancer

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research (KLEU) Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.4103/kleuhsj.kleuhsj_582_22

Manoj Yadav, Poorvi Mathur, A. Singhai, Suresh Babu, Bhupendra Singh, Apul Goel, Ravi Lohani

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), a transmembrane glycoprotein and Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), a gelatinase enzyme have been implicated in several malignancies for their role in prognostication and diagnosis. We, therefore, made an effort to use these markers in urothelial malignancies and discuss their importance along with review of the literature. METHODS: A prospective study conducted for 1 year using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry for CD44 and MMP2. RESULTS: CD44 showed concordance with low-grade tumors while MMP 2 was found to show positivity in high-grade tumors. Score 3 in CD44 expression was seen exclusively (100%) in low-grade tumors while similar score of MMP2 expression was seen in 90.9% of high-grade tumors. CONCLUSION: CD44 and MMP2 expression can, therefore, serve as an important tool to predict the clinical behavior and prognosis in patients of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. The management and survival rate varies according to grade; hence, these markers can be used for prognostication of disease.

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分化群44和基质金属蛋白酶2标记物：前瞻性研究及其对膀胱癌作用的启示

引言：分化簇 44（CD44）是一种跨膜糖蛋白，基质金属蛋白酶 2（MMP2）是一种明胶酶，它们在多种恶性肿瘤的预后和诊断中发挥着重要作用。因此，我们尝试在尿路恶性肿瘤中使用这些标记物，并在回顾文献的同时讨论它们的重要性。方法：一项为期一年的前瞻性研究，使用光学显微镜和免疫组化技术检测 CD44 和 MMP2。结果：CD44 显示与低级别肿瘤一致，而 MMP 2 则在高级别肿瘤中显示阳性。在低分级肿瘤中，CD44表达评分为3分者占100%，而在90.9%的高级别肿瘤中，MMP2表达评分与之相似。结论：因此，CD44 和 MMP2 表达可作为预测膀胱尿路上皮癌患者临床表现和预后的重要工具。不同级别肿瘤的治疗和存活率各不相同，因此这些标记物可用于疾病的预后。

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Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research (KLEU)

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32 weeks