Optical Rules to Mitigate the Parallax-Related Registration Error in See-Through Head-Mounted Displays for the Guidance of Manual Tasks

IF 2.4 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Multimodal Technologies and Interaction Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI:10.3390/mti8010004
Vincenzo Ferrari, N. Cattari, S. Condino, F. Cutolo
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Abstract

Head-mounted displays (HMDs) are hands-free devices particularly useful for guiding near-field tasks such as manual surgical procedures. See-through HMDs do not significantly alter the user’s direct view of the world, but the optical merging of real and virtual information can hinder their coherent and simultaneous perception. In particular, the coherence between the real and virtual content is affected by a viewpoint parallax-related misalignment, which is due to the inaccessibility of the user-perceived reality through the semi-transparent optical combiner of the OST Optical See-Through (OST) display. Recent works demonstrated that a proper selection of the collimation optics of the HMD significantly mitigates the parallax-related registration error without the need for any eye-tracking cameras and/or for any error-prone alignment-based display calibration procedures. These solutions are either based on HMDs that projects the virtual imaging plane directly at arm’s distance, or they require the integration on the HMD of additional lenses to optically move the image of the observed scene to the virtual projection plane of the HMD. This paper describes and evaluates the pros and cons of both the suggested solutions by providing an analytical estimation of the residual registration error achieved with both solutions and discussing the perceptual issues generated by the simultaneous focalization of real and virtual information.
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在用于指导手动任务的透视头戴式显示器中减少与视差相关的注册误差的光学规则
头戴式显示器(HMD)是一种免提设备,特别适用于指导近场任务,如手工外科手术。透视头戴式显示器不会明显改变用户对世界的直接观察,但真实信息和虚拟信息的光学融合会妨碍它们的连贯和同步感知。特别是,真实和虚拟内容之间的一致性会受到视点视差相关错位的影响,这是由于用户无法通过 OST 光学透视(OST)显示器的半透明光学组合器获得所感知的现实。最近的研究表明,适当选择 HMD 的准直光学器件可显著减少视差相关的配准误差,而无需任何眼球跟踪摄像头和/或任何易出错的基于准直的显示校准程序。这些解决方案要么基于直接在手臂距离处投射虚拟成像平面的 HMD,要么需要在 HMD 上集成额外的透镜,以光学方式将观察到的场景图像移动到 HMD 的虚拟投影平面。本文描述并评估了这两种建议解决方案的利弊,对两种解决方案所实现的残余配准误差进行了分析估计,并讨论了真实和虚拟信息同时聚焦所产生的感知问题。
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来源期刊
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction Computer Science-Computer Science Applications
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
8.00%
发文量
94
审稿时长
4 weeks
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