{"title":"Prevention of War: A Scoping Review on Primary Preventive Measures in Public Health","authors":"Tessa Brake, Oliver Razum","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2023.1606201","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Wars and armed conflicts have a major impact on population health. As the discipline of public health aims to increase the health at population level, professionals play a significant role in dealing with war and armed conflict. There is need for research on prevention. This study aims to map the literature on existing public health approaches addressing the primary prevention of war and/or armed conflict.Methods: We performed a scoping review in the databases Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, followed by a narrative synthesis.Results: We included 15 studies. We identified three main themes regarding preventive measures: 1) research on root causes of conflicts, surveillance and documentation of its health consequences; 2) education and awareness raising on the consequences of conflicts; and 3) interventions to change socio-economic and political conditions conducive to conflicts.Conclusion: A two-tiered conceptual framework emerges: For primary prevention of war, public health should promote human rights and the rule of law. To prevent armed conflict within states, public health should address the social determinants of health and aim to reduce poverty and inequity.","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2023.1606201","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: Wars and armed conflicts have a major impact on population health. As the discipline of public health aims to increase the health at population level, professionals play a significant role in dealing with war and armed conflict. There is need for research on prevention. This study aims to map the literature on existing public health approaches addressing the primary prevention of war and/or armed conflict.Methods: We performed a scoping review in the databases Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, followed by a narrative synthesis.Results: We included 15 studies. We identified three main themes regarding preventive measures: 1) research on root causes of conflicts, surveillance and documentation of its health consequences; 2) education and awareness raising on the consequences of conflicts; and 3) interventions to change socio-economic and political conditions conducive to conflicts.Conclusion: A two-tiered conceptual framework emerges: For primary prevention of war, public health should promote human rights and the rule of law. To prevent armed conflict within states, public health should address the social determinants of health and aim to reduce poverty and inequity.
目的:战争和武装冲突对人口健康有重大影响。由于公共卫生学科旨在提高人口健康水平,专业人员在应对战争和武装冲突方面发挥着重要作用。有必要对预防问题进行研究。本研究旨在对现有公共卫生方法的文献进行梳理,以解决战争和/或武装冲突的初级预防问题:方法:我们在 Web of Science、PubMed 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了范围审查,然后进行了叙述性综述:结果:我们纳入了 15 项研究。我们确定了有关预防措施的三大主题:1)研究冲突的根本原因,监测并记录冲突对健康造成的后果;2)开展教育,提高人们对冲突后果的认识;3)采取干预措施,改变助长冲突的社会经济和政治条件:结论:形成了一个双层概念框架:对于战争的初级预防,公共卫生应促进人权和法治。为预防国家内部的武装冲突,公共卫生应解决健康的社会决定因素,并致力于减少贫困和不平等。