A Versatile Calibration Method for Rotary-Wing UAS as Wind Measurement Systems

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, OCEAN Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1175/jtech-d-23-0010.1
Matteo Bramati, M. Schön, Daniel Schulz, Vasileios Savvakis, Yongtan Wang, J. Bange, A. Platis
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Abstract

The use of small uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) can effectively capture the wind profile in the lower atmospheric boundary layer. This study presents a calibration process to estimate the horizontal wind vector using a rotary-wing UAS in hovering conditions. This procedure does not require wind tunnels or meteorological masts, only the data from the flight control unit and a specific set of calibration flights. A model based on the UAS drag coefficient was proposed and compared to a traditional approach. Validation flights at the German Weather Service MOL-RAO observatory showed that the system can accurately predict wind speed and direction. A modified DJI S900 hexacopter with a Styrofoam sphere casing was used for the study and calibrated for wind speeds between 1 and 14 m s−1. Power spectral density analysis showed the system’s ability to resolve atmospheric eddies up to 0.1 Hz. The overall root-mean-square error was less than 0.7 m s−1 for wind speed and less than 8° for wind direction.
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旋翼无人机作为风力测量系统的多功能校准方法
使用小型无人驾驶航空器系统(UAS)可以有效捕捉低层大气边界层的风廓线。本研究介绍了在悬停条件下使用旋转翼无人机系统估算水平风矢量的校准过程。该程序不需要风洞或气象桅杆,只需要飞行控制单元的数据和一组特定的校准飞行。提出了一个基于无人机阻力系数的模型,并与传统方法进行了比较。在德国气象局 MOL-RAO 观测站进行的验证飞行表明,该系统可以准确预测风速和风向。研究使用了一架改装的大疆 S900 六旋翼飞行器,其外壳为泡沫塑料球体,校准风速为 1 至 14 m s-1。功率谱密度分析表明,该系统能够分辨高达 0.1 Hz 的大气涡流。风速的总体均方根误差小于 0.7 m s-1,风向的均方根误差小于 8°。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
9.10%
发文量
135
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (JTECH) publishes research describing instrumentation and methods used in atmospheric and oceanic research, including remote sensing instruments; measurements, validation, and data analysis techniques from satellites, aircraft, balloons, and surface-based platforms; in situ instruments, measurements, and methods for data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation and assimilation in numerical models; and information systems and algorithms.
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