Process and effect evaluation of a referral aid for smoking cessation counselling in primary care: Findings of a randomized controlled trial.

IF 1.9 Q3 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Tobacco Prevention & Cessation Pub Date : 2024-01-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.18332/tpc/176148
Daniëlle N Zijlstra, Catherine A Bolman, Jean W Muris, Hein de Vries
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Abstract

Introduction: This study explored the use and effects of a smoking cessation referral in: 1) practice nurses (PNs), and 2) smokers. The use of evidence-based smoking cessation interventions (EBSCIs) can double the likelihood of a successful smoking cessation attempt. A referral aid was developed to aid Dutch PNs in primary care in deciding which smokers are the most suitable for EBSCI.

Methods: Two different studies were conducted: 1) a randomized controlled trial with a process evaluation (n=82) and effect evaluation (n=285) among smoking patients recruited by PNs (n=73), and 2) a process evaluation among a subgroup of PNs (n=40) from January 2019 to September 2020.

Results: Overall, the response in both groups was low. PNs found the referral aid materials clear and understandable. Smokers had similar but (slightly) less-positive opinions. The smokers in both groups did not differ in the amount of discussion and use of EBSCIs, nor on smoking abstinence.

Conclusions: Further research should assess how to better involve PNs and smokers when recruiting for an RCT and how to foster effective counselling. Additional research should also look deeper into barriers to referral of both PNs and smokers, and how to stimulate referral to EBSCIs best and help smokers to make a decision; for example by implementing a simplified strategy both within the primary care setting and outside, by involving other healthcare professionals or options outside healthcare such as the workplace and social domain.

Trial registration: The study was registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NL7020, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7020).

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基层医疗机构戒烟咨询转介辅助工具的过程和效果评估:随机对照试验结果。
简介本研究探讨了戒烟转介在以下人群中的使用情况和效果:1)执业护士;2)吸烟者:1)执业护士(PNs);2)吸烟者。使用循证戒烟干预(EBSCIs)可将成功戒烟的可能性提高一倍。我们开发了一种转介辅助工具,以帮助荷兰初级保健中的执业护士决定哪些吸烟者最适合接受 EBSCI:进行了两项不同的研究:1)一项随机对照试验,对初级保健医生招募的吸烟患者(人数=73)进行过程评估(人数=82)和效果评估(人数=285);2)2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 9 月,对初级保健医生分组(人数=40)进行过程评估:结果:总体而言,两组的响应率都很低。PN 认为转介辅助材料清晰易懂。吸烟者的意见相似,但(略微)不太积极。两组吸烟者在讨论和使用 EBSCIs 的数量以及戒烟方面没有差异:进一步的研究应评估在招募 RCT 时如何让 PNs 和吸烟者更好地参与进来,以及如何促进有效的咨询。其他研究还应深入探讨初级保健医生和吸烟者转诊的障碍,以及如何更好地促进转诊至 EBSCIs 并帮助吸烟者做出决定;例如,在初级保健机构内外实施简化策略,让其他医疗保健专业人员或医疗保健以外的选择(如工作场所和社会领域)参与进来:该研究已在荷兰试验注册中心注册(NL7020,https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7020)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
155
审稿时长
4 weeks
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