Evaluation of the Scales for Social Comparison of Appearance and Social Comparison of Well-Being.

IF 2.8 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Journal of personality assessment Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-12 DOI:10.1080/00223891.2023.2298887

Nexhmedin Morina, Thomas Meyer, Peter A McCarthy, Thole H Hoppen, Pascal Schlechter

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Abstract

People constantly compare their appearance and well-being to that of other individuals. However, a measure of social comparison of well-being is lacking and existing appearance-related social comparison assessment is limited to comparison tendency using predefined social situations. This limits our understanding of the role of social comparison in appearance and well-being. Therefore, we developed the Scale for Social Comparison of Appearance (SSC-A) and the Scale for Social Comparison of Well-Being (SSC-W) to assess upward and downward social comparisons with regard to (a) frequency, (b) perceived discrepancy to the standard, and (c) engendered affective impact during the last 3 weeks. In one longitudinal and three cross-sectional studies (Ns = 500-1,121), we administered the SSC-A or SSC-W alongside measures of appearance social comparison, body satisfaction, self-concept, social rank, well-being, envy, rumination, depression, and anxiety. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the expected two-factor model representing upward and downward social comparison for both scales. Overall, upward comparison displayed the anticipated associations with the measured constructs, whereas downward comparison showed mostly small or nonsignificant correlations with the validators. The SSC-A and SSC-W are efficient measures of social comparison for appearance and well-being with good evidence for their reliability and validity in our samples.

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外貌社会比较量表和福祉社会比较量表的评估。

人们经常将自己的外表和幸福感与其他人进行比较。然而，目前还缺乏对幸福感进行社会比较的测量方法，而且现有的与外貌相关的社会比较评估仅限于使用预定义的社会情境进行比较的倾向。这限制了我们对社会比较在外貌和幸福感中的作用的理解。因此，我们开发了 "外貌社交比较量表"（SSC-A）和 "幸福感社交比较量表"（SSC-W），以评估过去三周内向上和向下社交比较的(a)频率、(b)与标准的感知差异和(c)产生的情感影响。在一项纵向研究和三项横向研究（样本数=500-1121）中，我们在测量外貌社会比较、身体满意度、自我概念、社会等级、幸福感、嫉妒、反刍、抑郁和焦虑的同时，还测量了 SSC-A 或 SSC-W。确认性因子分析支持预期的双因子模型，即两个量表的向上和向下社会比较。总体而言，向上比较显示出与测量构念之间的预期关联，而向下比较则显示出与验证者之间的微小或非显著关联。SSC-A和SSC-W是对外貌和幸福感进行社会比较的有效测量方法，在我们的样本中具有良好的信度和效度。

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来源期刊

Journal of personality assessment Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

8.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Personality Assessment (JPA) primarily publishes articles dealing with the development, evaluation, refinement, and application of personality assessment methods. Desirable articles address empirical, theoretical, instructional, or professional aspects of using psychological tests, interview data, or the applied clinical assessment process. They also advance the measurement, description, or understanding of personality, psychopathology, and human behavior. JPA is broadly concerned with developing and using personality assessment methods in clinical, counseling, forensic, and health psychology settings; with the assessment process in applied clinical practice; with the assessment of people of all ages and cultures; and with both normal and abnormal personality functioning.