Mechanism of germanium enrichment in the world-class Huize MVT Pb–Zn deposit, southwestern China

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralium Deposita Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI:10.1007/s00126-023-01242-3
Pan-Pan Niu, Manuel Muñoz, Olivier Mathon, Suo-Fei Xiong, Shao-Yong Jiang
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Abstract

The world-class Huize deposit hosts significant germanium (Ge) resources in the Sichuan–Yunan–Guizhou (SYG) Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb–Zn province of China. The distribution and enrichment mechanism of Ge is still poorly understood. In the main ore-forming stage of Huize, we identified six sphalerite colors from C1 (black) to C6 (white) in transmitted light. Two color sequences are confirmed, including C1 → C2 → C3 → C6 and C1 → C2 → C4 → C5 → C6. We used multiple analytical methods to reveal the Ge distribution and incorporation mechanism into sphalerite and the possible enrichment factors. Our results show that Ge occurs as argutite (GeO2), and in the sphalerite crystal lattice, C1 and C3 sphalerite has up to 593 ppm Ge. Two substitution mechanisms, i.e., Ge4+ + □(vacancy) → 2Zn2+ (e.g., C1 and C2) and Ge4+ + 2Cu+ → 3Zn2+ (e.g., C2, C3, C4, and C5), are inferred from the Huize sphalerite. They show different spatial structures of sphalerite and a weak shift of the white line observed by high-resolution X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. The trace-element composition of sphalerite suggests that reduced sulfur content of the ore-forming fluid contributes to Ge enrichment, followed by high temperature (> 300 °C).

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中国西南部世界级会泽 MVT 铅锌矿床的锗富集机制
世界级的会泽矿床位于中国川滇黔(SYG)密西西比河谷型(MVT)铅锌矿省,蕴藏着大量的锗(Ge)资源。人们对 Ge 的分布和富集机制还知之甚少。在会泽的主要成矿阶段,我们在透射光下发现了从 C1(黑色)到 C6(白色)的六种闪锌矿颜色。确认了两个颜色序列,包括 C1 → C2 → C3 → C6 和 C1 → C2 → C4 → C5 → C6。我们采用多种分析方法揭示了闪锌矿中 Ge 的分布和掺入机制以及可能的富集因素。结果表明,Ge 以方铅矿(GeO2)的形式存在,在闪锌矿晶格中,C1 和 C3 闪锌矿的 Ge 含量高达 593 ppm。从会泽闪锌矿中推断出两种置换机制,即 Ge4+ + □(空缺)→2Zn2+(如 C1 和 C2)和 Ge4+ + 2Cu+ →3Zn2+(如 C2、C3、C4 和 C5)。它们显示了闪锌矿不同的空间结构,以及高分辨率 X 射线吸收近边结构(XANES)光谱观察到的白线的微弱偏移。闪锌矿的痕量元素组成表明,成矿流体中硫含量的降低促成了锗的富集,而高温(300 °C)则是其次。
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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
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