Spectrum of intestinal lesion: A clinicopathological study in a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Intestine has wide spectrum of diseases comprising neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Inflammatory bowel diseases are showing increasing trend and intestinal neoplasms are the most frequently observed and leading cause of death in India. This study aims to find the occurrence of various intestinal lesions, classify them as neoplastic and non-neoplastic and to correlate the histopathological findings with clinical profile of patient in tertiary care hospital of north India. 1129 biopsies and resection specimens of intestinal lesions were examined over a period of two years. Sections were fixed, paraffin embedded and stained by H&E. Immunohistochemistry was applied wherever required. Nearly two third patients were males in their second decade who presented with abdominal pain as the most common complaint and majority were diagnosed with non-neoplastic diseases. Among non-neoplastic lesions non-specific inflammation was predominant in small intestine (47.04% cases) and appendicitis (55.0%) in large intestine. Adenocarcinoma was predominant in both small and large intestine with 80.77% and79.45% of neoplastic cases respectively. This work gives a panoramic view of different intestinal pathologies and emphasises on the need of planning accurate diagnostic and screening strategies along with effective treatment plans both for neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic diseases.