Whole genome sequencing of bacteriophage NINP13076 isolated against Salmonella enteritidis

Abstract

Salmonella ranks among the prominent etiological agents responsible for foodborne illnesses on a global scale. Within the scope of this investigation, a bacteriophage capable of eliminating Salmonella enteritidis was isolated using the double-layer agar overlay technique. The phage's morphological characteristics were elucidated through the application of Transmission Electron Microscopy. The genomic DNA of the phage underwent complete sequencing utilizing the MiSeq platform, with library preparation executed through the NexteraXT library prep kit method accompanied by the NexteraXT index kit. Paired-end sequencing was performed over 2 × 251 cycles read length, employing a Miseq V3 kit within the Illumina MiSeq system. Notably, the phage manifested conspicuous plaques upon S. enteritidis when subjected to the double agar overlay technique. NINP13076 displayed a 22-min latency period with a calculated average burst size of 53 PFU/cell. Phages exhibited resilience to the diverse pH conditions, manifesting no discernible impact on their viability over a storage duration of up to one week. storage at temperatures of 4 °C, 26 °C, and 37 °C demonstrated minimal effects on the phage population, with no statistically significant alterations observed. Genome assembly yielded a draft genome encompassing 161,329 base pairs with a GC content of 44.4 % and achieved coverage at a depth of 104x. Phylogenetic tree analysis unveiled a highly proximate relationship with the Salmonella Phage SSE-121 genome, demonstrating a distance score of 0.1 and signifying its classification as a novel member within the SSE121 virus group.