Ecological Genetics and Genomics最新文献

Microbial signatures of maize soils: Shifts in bacterial community across bulk and spermosphere niches 玉米土壤的微生物特征：细菌群落在整体和精子圈生态位上的变化

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2026.100447

Arulanandar Abishagu , Ariyan Manikandan , Pandian Kannan , Narayanan Manikanda Boopathi , A.R.U. Pragadeesh , Murugaiyan Senthilkumar

The spermosphere is a significant constituent of the plant micro-ecosystem, with a distinct role in seed microbial ecology, although it is relatively unexplored. Understanding maize spermosphere microbes is essential for optimizing agricultural practices and enhancing crop productivity. A field study was conducted to investigate the diversity of bacterial communities inhabiting bulk soils and spermosphere soils associated with maize crop using 16S rRNA V3–V4 amplicon sequencing. Overall, 1391 OTUs were identified and classified into 32 phyla, 77 classes, 167 orders, 337 families, 752 genera. Spermosphere shared phylum level features with the bulk soil, such as predominance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria and Nitrospirae. At the genus level, Desulfallas, Chryseolinea, Stenotrophomonas and Niveispirillum shows significantly higher abundances in spermosphere, while Synechococcus, Corynebacterium, and unclassified Clostridiales exhibit notable decreases. Functional prediction revealed 334 KEGG pathways and 6759 orthologs. Spermosphere soils showed higher organic carbon, microbial biomass and respiration than bulk soils, confirming their role as microbial hotspots and potential bioinoculant niches. Ammonia oxidation genes dominated in the spermosphere, whereas nitrate reduction and assimilation genes prevailed in bulk soil. The spermosphere exhibited greater microbial diversity and distinct taxonomic profiles, indicating differences from bulk soil. This preliminary study shows that germinating maize seed had developed a unique microbiome which indicates the importance of considering the spermosphere for developing new bioinoculants based on microbiome studies for sustainable agricultural practices.

精子层是植物微生态系统的重要组成部分，在种子微生物生态中发挥着独特的作用，尽管其研究相对较少。了解玉米精子圈微生物对优化农业实践和提高作物生产力至关重要。采用16S rRNA V3-V4扩增子测序技术，对玉米相关土壤和土壤中细菌群落的多样性进行了研究。共鉴定出1391只otu，隶属于32门77纲167目337科752属。精子圈与土壤具有相同的门水平特征，如变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、plantomycetes、拟杆菌门、绿杆菌门、蓝藻门、酸杆菌门、硝化杆菌门等。在属水平上，Desulfallas、Chryseolinea、Stenotrophomonas和Niveispirillum在精子中的丰度显著增加，而Synechococcus、棒状杆菌和未分类的Clostridiales在精子中的丰度显著减少。功能预测显示了334条KEGG通路和6759个同源物。土壤的有机碳含量、微生物生物量和呼吸量均高于普通土壤，证实了其作为微生物热点和潜在的生物接种生态位的作用。土壤中氨氧化基因占主导地位，而硝态氮还原和同化基因占主导地位。土壤中微生物多样性和分类特征明显，与散装土壤存在差异。这项初步研究表明，萌发中的玉米种子已经形成了一个独特的微生物组，这表明在微生物组研究的基础上开发新的生物接种剂对可持续农业实践具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic signatures and soil indicators reveal adaptive stress responses in Quercus oblongata under Pinus invasion in the Western Himalaya 西喜马拉雅地区松入侵下长叶栎的转录组学特征和土壤指标揭示了其适应性胁迫响应

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2026.100445

Md Asif Chowdhary, Hari Shankar Gadri, Sarbani Roy, Vikas Sharma, Pankaj Bhardwaj

Invasion of native oak (Quercus oblongata) forests by Pinus roxburghii is an emerging ecological concern in the Western Himalaya, with implications for biodiversity loss, soil degradation, and altered plant physiological responses. This study integrates transcriptomic analysis and soil chemistry to explore how Pinus invasion affects gene expression and soil conditions in pure and degraded oak forest stands. A total of 13 stress-responsive genes were quantified using transcript abundance data across six forest sites (three pure oak and three mixed Pinus-invaded). Correlation analysis revealed distinct expression patterns: genes such as CAX3, CBL10, and ECH2 showed strong negative associations with key soil parameters (e.g., nitrogen, pH, potassium), indicating upregulation under nutrient-poor, stressed conditions. Conversely, genes like MFL1, CPN20, ACA1, and ALA3 were positively correlated with healthier soil conditions, suggesting their role in supporting plant function in stable environments. Principal component analysis (PCA) further differentiated invaded and pure forests based on both gene expression and edaphic variables. These findings suggest that allelopathic stress and altered soil chemistry in Pinus invaded areas may drive specific molecular adaptations in native species. This approach identifies key genes as potential early biomarkers of forest degradation and offers a molecular insight into plant soil responses under Pinus invasion.

在西喜马拉雅地区，rosburghii松（Pinus roxburghii）入侵本地栎林（Quercus oblongata）是一个新兴的生态问题，可能导致生物多样性丧失、土壤退化和植物生理反应改变。本研究结合转录组学分析和土壤化学分析，探讨了松松入侵对纯栎林和退化栎林基因表达和土壤条件的影响。利用6个森林样地（3个纯栎和3个混松）的转录丰度数据，对13个应激响应基因进行了定量分析。相关分析揭示了不同的表达模式：CAX3、CBL10和ECH2等基因与关键土壤参数（如氮、pH、钾）呈强负相关，表明在营养不良、胁迫条件下表达上调。相反，MFL1、CPN20、ACA1和ALA3等基因与更健康的土壤条件正相关，表明它们在稳定环境中支持植物功能的作用。主成分分析（PCA）基于基因表达和土壤变量进一步区分入侵林和纯林。这些发现表明，化感胁迫和土壤化学的改变可能会驱动本土物种的特定分子适应。该方法确定了关键基因作为森林退化的潜在早期生物标志物，并为松松入侵下植物土壤反应提供了分子视角。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the microbial secrets of hydroponically cultivated Humulus lupulus 揭示水培栽培葎草的微生物秘密

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2026.100446

Tripti Singh , Ashwani Mathur

引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among four species of Veneridae (Bivalvia) inferred from molecular data 从分子数据推断四种双壳科植物的遗传多样性和系统发育关系

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2026.100443

Tahani El Ayari , Najoua Trigui El Menif

The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among four species belonging to the family of Veneridae was investigated using the mitochondrial 16S mtDNA. Bivalves have been collected from two stations, Thau lagoon (France) and Radés (Tunisia), situated in the Western Mediterranean basin. The four venerid species were found to have 26 different haplotypes; no haplotype was found to be shared by all the venerid species. Venerupis philippinarum exhibited the highest haplotype and nucleotide diversity (hd = 0.844 and π = 0.120). The genetic differentiation between the venerids species was proved with the high percentage of variation 53.87 % and high genetic distances. Furthermore, the genetic distances between V. decussata populations were low. The samples collected in the Mediterranean Thau lagoon, France provide morphological evidence of the probable occurrence of hybridization between native V. decussata and introduced V. philippinarum. This result was confirmed using nuclear markers (ITS1, ITS2 and 5S rDNA).

利用线粒体16S mtDNA分析了金星科4个物种的遗传多样性和系统发育关系。从位于西地中海盆地的Thau泻湖（法国）和rad（突尼斯）两个站点收集了双壳类动物。发现4种毒蛇有26种不同的单倍型；没有发现所有毒蛇属物种共有的单倍型。菲律宾Venerupis philippinarum单倍型和核苷酸多样性最高（hd = 0.844,π = 0.120）。菊科植物间存在遗传分化，变异率高达53.87 %，遗传距离高。此外，居群间遗传距离较低。在法国地中海Thau泻湖采集的样本提供了本地V. decussata与引进V. philippinarum杂交可能发生的形态学证据。核标记（ITS1、ITS2和5S rDNA）证实了这一结果。

引用次数: 0

Genetic distinctiveness of Bay of Bengal Lates calcarifer: Mitochondrial markers reveal regional divergence from Indo-Pacific populations 孟加拉湾晚期钙化动物的遗传独特性：线粒体标记揭示了印度-太平洋种群的区域差异

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2026.100440

Md. Amdadul Haque , Jonaira Rashid , Md. Rahamat Ullah , Md. Abu Naser , Md. Touhidul Islam , Md. Aktaruzzaman , Al-Amin , Md. Harunor Rashid , Anuradha Bhadra

The Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) is a valuable and popular food fish in Southeast Asia. This species has become an important aquaculture fish, particularly in the southern part of Bangladesh. A total of 90 nucleotide sequences were used to explore the genetic divergence and phylogeographic structure in Asian seabass using two mitochondrial DNA markers, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb). The results revealed low intra-population genetic distances, and ABGD clustering revealed strong genetic homogeneity between Bangladeshi and Indian populations. However, long-term geographic isolation and limited gene flow were reflected in the deep divergence (8–10 %) observed between the Bay of Bengal and the Indo-Pacific populations (Indonesia, China, and Australia). AMOVA revealed a strong population structure, with high among-group variance and a significant fixation index (FST = 0.8988; P < 0.001). Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated congruent topologies, identifying two major clades corresponding to the Bay of Bengal and the Indo-Pacific lineages. The specimens from Bangladesh formed a distinct and well-supported cluster, closely related to Indian individuals, whereas Indonesian, Chinese, and Australian populations grouped into separate clades. Haplotype network analysis supported these findings, revealing two discrete lineages and region-specific haplotypes shaped by oceanographic barriers and localized adaptation. The presence of unique MOTUs in ABGD and ASAP analyses further emphasizes the extent of mitochondrial divergence. The genetic distinctiveness of Bay of Bengal seabass highlights the need for region-specific conservation and aquaculture strategies, which reflect prioritizing local genetic resources in broodstock programs as essential to maintain genetic diversity.

亚洲海鲈（Lates calcarifer）是东南亚一种珍贵而受欢迎的食用鱼。该物种已成为一种重要的水产养殖鱼类，特别是在孟加拉国南部。利用细胞色素氧化酶亚基I （COI）和细胞色素b （Cytb）两种线粒体DNA标记，对亚洲鲈鱼的遗传差异和系统地理结构进行了分析。结果显示种群内遗传距离较低，ABGD聚类显示孟加拉国和印度种群之间具有很强的遗传同质性。然而，长期的地理隔离和有限的基因流动反映在孟加拉湾和印度-太平洋种群（印度尼西亚、中国和澳大利亚）之间观察到的深度分化（8-10 %）。AMOVA具有较强的种群结构，组间方差大，固定指数显著（FST = 0.8988;P <； 0.001）。系统发育分析证明了一致的拓扑结构，确定了两个主要的分支，对应于孟加拉湾和印度-太平洋谱系。来自孟加拉国的标本形成了一个独特的、支持良好的集群，与印度个体密切相关，而印度尼西亚、中国和澳大利亚的种群则分为不同的分支。单倍型网络分析支持了这些发现，揭示了海洋障碍和局部适应形成的两种离散谱系和区域特异性单倍型。ABGD和ASAP分析中独特的MOTUs的存在进一步强调了线粒体分化的程度。孟加拉湾海鲈的遗传独特性凸显了制定区域保护和水产养殖战略的必要性，这些战略反映了在亲鱼计划中优先考虑当地遗传资源，这对维持遗传多样性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Species-specific gut microbiomes in Anomala beetle larvae suggest predicted carbohydrate and xenobiotic processing capacities 异常甲虫幼虫的物种特异性肠道微生物组提示预测碳水化合物和异种生物处理能力

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100439

R. Karthik , Henry Joseph Oduor Ogola , Ramganesh Selvarajan , Abhishek Walia , Suresh Kumar Mahala , R.S. Chandel

Soil-dwelling scarab beetle larvae rely on gut microbiomes for nutrient extraction from complex plant polymers and potentially for tolerating xenobiotic compounds, yet comparative functional insights across closely related species remain limited. Here, we characterized gut bacterial communities of four economically important cogeneric Anomala species (A. dorsalis, A. dimidiata, A. varicolor, and A. polita) using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and PICRUSt2 functional profiling. After quality filtering, 16,822–21,440 reads per species were analyzed, revealing distinct species-specific microbiome signatures. A. dorsalis exhibited the highest bacterial diversity (133 ASVs, Shannon = 3.83), followed by A. dimidiata and A. varicolor, while A. polita showed the lowest diversity (77 ASVs, Shannon = 3.04). All species were dominated by Bacillota_A (Firmicutes) (35.1–46.7 %), but taxonomic composition varied significantly. A. dorsalis, A. dimidiata, and A. varicolor were enriched in fermentative families (Lachnospiraceae, Anaerotignaceae: 10–14 %), whereas A. polita was characterized by Pseudomonadaceae (14.8 %) and minimal Lachnospiraceae (<0.9 %). Core microbiome analysis identified 23 shared genera accounting for 57.4 % relative abundance, alongside species-specific genera. Functional predictions revealed extensive carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) repertoires in all species, with A. dorsalis and A. dimidiata showing higher predicted abundances of cellulases (GH5/GH9; ∼1.8–2-fold) and xylanases (GH10/GH11; ∼1.5–1.9-fold) relative to A. polita. Predicted xenobiotic degradation pathways varied, with enrichment in glutathione S-transferases and peroxidases A. dimidiata (∼1.6–2.0-fold), and carboxylesterase genes (∼1.7-fold) in A. polita. These findings indicate that Anomala larvae employ distinct, ecology-linked microbial strategies balancing carbohydrate metabolism and detoxification, generating testable hypotheses for functional validation and microbiome-informed pest management.

居住在土壤中的圣甲虫幼虫依靠肠道微生物群从复杂的植物聚合物中提取营养物质，并可能耐受外源化合物，但在密切相关的物种之间的比较功能研究仍然有限。在这里，我们利用16S rDNA扩增子测序和PICRUSt2功能分析，对四种经济上重要的共属异常物种（A. dorsalis， A. dimidiata， A. varicolor和A. polita）的肠道细菌群落进行了表征。经过质量过滤，每个物种分析了16,822-21,440个reads，揭示了不同物种特异性的微生物组特征。dorsalis的细菌多样性最高（133种，Shannon = 3.83），其次是A. dimidiata和A. varicolor，而A. polita的细菌多样性最低（77种，Shannon = 3.04）。所有种均以Bacillota_A（厚壁门）为优势种（35.1 ~ 46.7 %），但分类组成差异较大。A. dorsalis， A. dimidiata和A. varicolor在发酵科（Lachnospiraceae, Anaerotignaceae: 10-14 %）中丰富，而A. polita以Pseudomonadaceae（14.8 %）和最少的Lachnospiraceae （<0.9 %）为特征。核心微生物组分析鉴定出23个共有属，相对丰度为57.4% %，以及物种特异性属。功能预测显示，所有物种都具有广泛的碳水化合物活性酶（CAZyme）谱，与A. dorsalis和A. dimidiata相比，其纤维素酶（GH5/GH9；约1.8 - 2倍）和木聚糖酶（GH10/GH11；约1.5 - 1.9倍）的预测丰度更高。预测的外源降解途径各不相同，在A. polita中富集谷胱甘肽s -转移酶和过氧化物酶A. dimidiata（约1.6 - 2.0倍）和羧酸酯酶基因（约1.7倍）。这些发现表明，异常幼虫采用独特的、与生态相关的微生物策略来平衡碳水化合物代谢和解毒，为功能验证和微生物组信息虫害管理提供了可测试的假设。

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引用次数: 0

Exploration of genetic diversity and population structure in North Indian Aegle marmelos accessions using ISSR markers 利用ISSR标记对北印度安吉尔甜瓜遗传多样性和群体结构的研究

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100438

Prince Minhas , Rajvinder Minhas , Atul Chamyal , Rakesh Kumar , Kanika Aggarwal , Rahul Kumar , Maneet Rana , Vikas Sharma

Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa, commonly known as Bael in North India, is an important underutilized fruit tree with immense medicinal, nutritional, and cultural significance across the Indian subcontinent. Despite its widespread distribution and traditional value, comprehensive genetic diversity studies are still limited, particularly across diverse agroclimatic regions. In the present study, 58 accessions of A. marmelos collected from Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh were analyzed using 12 polymorphic Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers to assess genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 56 polymorphic bands were generated by these 12 primers, with an average of 4.66 bands per primer. The size of amplified fragments ranged from 400 bp to 2000 bp. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and Marker Index (MI) values indicated high levels of genetic variability among the accessions. UPGMA-based cluster analysis grouped all accessions into three major clusters with subgroups. STRUCTURE analysis also revealed the presence of three distinct genetic populations with evidence of admixture. The results suggest a moderate to high degree of genetic diversity and heterozygosity, underscoring the potential of analyzed accessions for the selection of elite accessions for breeding and conservation purpose. The study demonstrates the efficiency of ISSR markers in distinguishing A. marmelos accessions and highlights the need for systematic conservation strategies and genetic enhancement programs in this plant. Specifically, samples with codes Pd, K7, N, H,H7, U4 and U11 can be selected on priority basis for various purposes. These findings can contribute to the improvement and sustainable utilization of this traditionally and pharmacologically important species.

安吉尔甜瓜（L.）Correa，在印度北部通常被称为Bael，是一种重要的未被充分利用的果树，在整个印度次大陆具有巨大的药用、营养和文化意义。尽管遗传多样性具有广泛的分布和传统价值，但对遗传多样性的综合研究仍然有限，特别是在不同的农业气候区域。利用12个多态性间简单序列重复（ISSR）标记对来自印度旁遮普、哈里亚纳邦和喜马偕尔邦的58份蜜瓜种质资源进行遗传多样性和群体结构分析。12条引物共产生56条多态性条带，平均每个引物产生4.66条多态性条带。扩增片段大小在400 ~ 2000 bp之间。多态性信息含量（PIC）和标记指数（MI）表明各材料间存在较高的遗传变异。基于upgma的聚类分析将所有接入分组为三个主要的类和子组。结构分析还揭示了三个不同的遗传群体的存在，并有混合的证据。结果表明，所分析的材料具有中等至高度的遗传多样性和杂合性，这表明所分析的材料具有选择优良材料进行育种和保护的潜力。本研究证明了ISSR标记在柑橘种质资源鉴别中的有效性，并强调了对柑橘种质资源进行系统保护和遗传增强的必要性。具体来说，根据不同的用途，可以优先选择代码为Pd、K7、N、H、H7、U4、U11的样品。这些发现有助于对这一传统和药理上重要的物种进行改良和可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of heterozygosity-enriched regions and population structure in Indian cattle breeds 印度牛品种杂合性富集区及种群结构特征

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100437

Aditi Yadav , Pallavi Rathi , S.P. Dixit , Indrajit Ganguly , Sanjeev Singh

Heterozygosity-rich regions (HRR) refer to genomic regions exhibiting increased heterozygosity, linked to influencing traits like immune response, survival, fertility, and other fitness-related characteristics. Analyzing HRR helps to identify areas of the genome with high genetic variation, thus providing deep insights into a population's genetic diversity and revealing specific genome segments where increased diversity is beneficial. In this study, heterozygosity rich regions were identified in 158 animals of eleven Indian cattle breeds (Bos indicus) using 777K BovineHD BeadChip. In total, 8127 heterozygous regions were identified. Among the breeds studied, the short-statured Ladakhi breed exhibited the highest number of heterozygous regions (1412), while the Sahiwal, a prominent dairy breed of the Indian subcontinent, exhibited the lowest (467). The Mean genome length of RoHet was maximum in the Ladakhi breed (44.09 Mb) and minimum in the Hariana breed (12.16 Mb). The highest number of RoHet was observed on chromosome 7 in the short statured Vechur breed spanning 9.2 % of the chromosome's length. In most breeds, the maximum average length of Runs of heterozygosity (ROHet) was found on the sixth chromosome, while the fifth chromosome harboured the highest number of ROHet. Functional classification of the 193 annotated genes identified in the heterozygous regions were involved in cellular processes, biological regulation, and metabolic process. Principal component analysis of ROHet regions to study the population structure revealed distinct clustering of short statured cattle breeds (Ladakhi and Vechur) from rest of the Indian breeds while the dairy and dual-purpose breeds clustered together.

杂合度丰富区域（HRR）是指杂合度增加的基因组区域，与影响免疫反应、生存、生育和其他健康相关特征等性状有关。分析HRR有助于确定基因组中具有高遗传变异的区域，从而深入了解种群的遗传多样性，并揭示增加多样性有益的特定基因组片段。本研究利用777K BovineHD BeadChip对11个印度牛品种（Bos indicus）的158头牛进行了杂合性富集区鉴定。共鉴定出8127个杂合区。拉达克品种RoHet的平均基因组长度最大（44.09 Mb），哈里亚纳品种最小（12.16 Mb）。在矮小的维库尔品种中，7号染色体上RoHet的数量最多，占染色体长度的9.2% %。在大多数品种中，最大平均长度的杂合性（ROHet）发现在第6染色体，而第5染色体拥有最多的ROHet数。在杂合区鉴定的193个注释基因的功能分类涉及细胞过程、生物调控和代谢过程。通过对ROHet地区种群结构的主成分分析发现，矮小牛品种（Ladakhi和Vechur）与其他印度品种明显聚集在一起，而乳制品和两用品种则聚集在一起。

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引用次数: 0

Dimensional and morphological variability of traditional rice cultivars in South India: Implications for food processing and market application 南印度传统水稻品种的尺寸和形态变异：对食品加工和市场应用的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100436

Jayanthi B, Harshini KK, Bhavadharani T, Sudharsana S

This study evaluates the varietal impact on the engineering and dimensional properties of traditional South Indian rice cultivars. Twenty-two rice varieties were cultivated and evaluated under similar conditions using a random block design experiment. Width, length, and thickness of the rice varieties ranging from 1.90 to 3.14 mm, 5.13–7.85 mm, and 0.94–2.96 mm, respectively. Mean diameter, sphericity (0.33–0.67), aspect ratio (0.24–0.56), and surface area (12.66–36.75 mm²) were calculated. Heatmaps highlighted variability and correlations between dimensional variables, with Pearson correlation indicating positive relationships. Hierarchical clustering classified rice varieties into four groups, and factor analysis revealed two major components, explaining 78.55 % and 19.26 % of the variance, respectively. This research offers valuable insights into the dimensional properties of traditional rice varieties, aiding the design of food processing equipment and enhancing their potential applications in future markets.

本研究评价了品种对南印度传统水稻品种工程性状和尺寸性状的影响。采用随机区组设计试验，在相似条件下栽培22个水稻品种。水稻品种的宽度、长度和厚度分别为1.90 ~ 3.14 mm、5.13 ~ 7.85 mm和0.94 ~ 2.96 mm。计算平均直径、球度（0.33 ~ 0.67）、纵横比（0.24 ~ 0.56）和表面积（12.66 ~ 36.75 mm2）。热图突出了维度变量之间的可变性和相关性，皮尔逊相关性表明了正相关关系。分层聚类将水稻品种分为4类，因子分析揭示了两个主要成分，分别解释了78.55 %和19.26 %的方差。这项研究为了解传统水稻品种的尺寸特性提供了有价值的见解，有助于食品加工设备的设计，并增强其在未来市场上的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Generation mean analysis, genetic variability, advance, and heterosis for seed size traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) 豇豆（Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.）种子大小性状的世代平均分析、遗传变异、进展及杂种优势

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100435

Frederick Justice Awuku , Francis Kusi , John Saviour Eleblu , Isaac Asante , Kwadwo Ofori , Yosef Alemu Bekele , Patrick Attamah , Emmanuel Yaw Owusu , Gloria Mensah , Salim Lamini , Victoria Dedoe Larweh

A comprehensive understanding of gene action, heterosis, and genetic advance is essential for the effective improvement of cowpea traits. This study investigated the inheritance of seed size and related traits using four cowpea crosses: Wang Kae × SpM028, KT × SpM028, Bigbean × BR, and Agyenkwa × Padituya. Six generations (P₁, P₂, F₁, BC_1:1, BC_1:2, F₂) from each cross were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed across generations, indicating trait variability from one generation to another. The F₁ generation exhibited intermediate performance between parental means, highlighting additive allelic effects. Positive mid-parent heterosis was observed for all traits, indicating potential improvement through selection; however, some traits displayed negative heterobeltiosis. Generation mean analysis revealed significant means [m] and additive [a] effects, with additive × dominance [ad] epistatic interactions playing a key role. Traits such as seed volume showed solely additive × dominance effects, while hundred seed weight exhibited varying epistatic effects across the four crosses. Duplicate epistatic gene actions were prevalent, although complementary actions appeared in some traits. Positive dominance effects were identified for most traits, except for hundred seed weight in Wang Kae × SpM028, which showed negative dominance. Partial dominance was noted for large seed size and seed volume. High heritability and genetic advance suggested strong potential for trait improvement through selection. The genetic architecture of large-seed cowpea varieties from this study offers valuable opportunities for breeding programs aimed at enhancing seed size and related traits in cowpea.

全面了解基因作用、杂种优势和遗传进展对豇豆性状的有效改良至关重要。以王科 × SpM028、KT × SpM028、Bigbean × BR和Agyenkwa × Padituya 4个豇豆杂交组合为材料，研究了籽粒大小及相关性状的遗传特性。每个杂交的6代（P1、P2、F1、BC1:1、BC1:2、F2）采用3个重复的随机完全区组设计进行评估。代际间观察到显著差异，表明性状在代际之间存在差异。F1代表现为亲本之间的中间性状，突出了加性等位基因效应。所有性状中亲本杂种优势均为正，表明有通过选择改善的潜力；但部分性状表现为负杂种优势。代均值分析显示显著的均值[m]和加性[a]效应，其中加性 × 显性[和]上位相互作用起关键作用。种子体积等性状表现为单纯加性 × 显性效应，百粒重表现为不同的上位性效应。重复上位基因作用普遍存在，但在某些性状中存在互补作用。除百粒重王科 × SpM028为负显性外，其余性状均存在正显性效应。种子大小和种子体积大，为部分显性。高遗传率和遗传先进性表明，通过选择进行性状改良的潜力很大。本研究获得的大种子豇豆品种的遗传结构为提高豇豆种子大小和相关性状的育种计划提供了宝贵的机会。

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